Mccann, и Thorne. Last of the First. CSIRAC Australias First Computer

Mccann, и Thorne. Last of the First. CSIRAC Australias First Computer

This book examines how location decisions have contributed to the global dominance of U.S. firms in the hard disk drive industry. In analyzing the industry since its beginnings some forty years ago, the book explains how American leadership in disk drives has rested on the formation of two complementary industrial clusters. Fundamental research and product development has been located almost entirely in the United States, principally California. Manufacturing has been concentrated in Southeast Asia (initially in Singapore and later in Thailand and Malaysia as well). This duality has proven key to the successful competitive position of the U.S. disk drive industry.

Michi D. Colossus and the Breaking of the Wartime “Fish” Codes // Cryptologia, Vol. XXVI, № 1, January 2002. P. **-**.

The thesis of this article is that Bede's great work on time reckoning, the De temporum ratione (A.D. 725), contains the seeds of later calendar reform. The year 664 was distinguished not only by the Synod of Whitby, after which the Northumbrian Church conformed to the Roman method of calculating Easter, but by an event of computistical significance - the solar eclipse on 1 May. Since this date showed the Roman reckoning to be inaccurate, it was altered to 3 May. Bede knew of this alteration and was uneasy about it. He at first attempted to justify the ecclesiastical dating, although eyewitness accounts showed it to be wrong, and later, by referring to the Acta synodi, a document used by the Irish to justify their Easter reckoning, implied how a solution to the problem might be found. In the eleventh century, Gerland spelled out the heterodox ideas at which Bede had only hinted.

Development of the thermionic valve. Historical survey of early research in semiconductors. Development of the transistor. Major technical processes used in semiconductor device fabrication. Review of major factors affecting the growth of the United States semiconductor industry. Review of the factors affecting the growth of the Japanese and South Korean semiconductor industries. Review of the European semiconductor industry.

Очерки о пионерах научных вычислений: Дж. фон Неймане, Г. Айкене и др. Влияние требований научных задач на мат. обеспечение и архитектуру ЭВМ. Роль Лос-Аламосской лаборатории, Национального бюро стандартов и др. организаций. Обзор состояния научных вычислений в СССР и Европе.

Between 1946 and 1957 computing went from a preliminary, developmental stage to more widespread use accompanied by the beginnings of the digital computer industry. During this crucial decade, spurred by rapid technological advances, the computer enterprise became a major phenomenon. In Computers and Commerce, Arthur Norberg explores the importance of these years in the history of computing by focusing on technical developments and business strategies at two important firms, both established in 1946, Engineering Research Associates (ERA) and Eckert-Mauchly Computer Company (EMCC), from their early activities through their acquisition by Remington Rand.

Both ERA and EMCC had their roots in World War II, and in postwar years both firms received major funding from the United States government. Norberg analyzes the interaction between the two companies and the government and examines the impact of this institutional context on technological innovation. He assesses the technical contributions of such key company figures as J. Presper Eckert, John Mauchly, Grace Hopper, and William Norris, analyzing the importance of engineering knowledge in converting theoretical designs into workable machines. Norberg looks at the two firms' operations after 1951 as independent subsidiaries of Remington Rand, and documents the management problems that began after Remington Rand merged with Sperry Gyroscope to form Sperry Rand in 1955.

Norberg A. L., ONeill J. E., Freedman K. J. Transforming Computer Technology: Information Processing for the Pentagon, 1962-1986. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. 384 p.

Examines the US Defense Department's Advanced Research Projects Agency during its heyday, and the impact it had on developments in computer science and engineering. Analyzes the management of the office, the origins and growth of important programs, and the interaction of the staff with the academic and industrial research and development communities. Emphasizes the agency's Information Processing Techniques Office role in executing cutting-edge research, and shows how by the 1990s the results had been assimilated into practical use in both military and civilian society.

Краткая биография к 150-летию изобретателя.

Воспоминания известного английского инженера, одного из создателей манчестерского дифференциального анализатора (1936 г.).

Poundstone's three-dimensional outline of game theory mathematics sketches the life of its inventor, John von Neumann, and his role in Cold War policy-making.

This very readable book is partly a biography of John von Neumann, partly a nontechnical history of the branch of mathematics known as game theory, and partly a description of some of the paradoxical findings that arise from that theory. Von Neumann was a brilliant mathematician who was the major figure in the Manhattan Project and later an active public figure. Thus, those portions of the book that deal with his life are interesting and informative. Those sections that deal with game theory use no mathematics beyond simple arithmetic and are thus fascinating, thought provoking, and easily accessible to the layperson. For all biography and science collections.

Powell M. A. The antecedents of Old Babylonian place notation and the early history of Babylonian mathematics // Historia Mathematica, vol. 3, November 1976. P. 417-439.

Prager, John. On Turing. Wadsworth Publishing, 2000. 96 p.

Pratt, Vernon. Thinking Machines: The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence. Oxford, N.-Y.: Blackwell, 1987. 254 p.

Preston F. Vannevar Bushs network analyzer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology // AHC, vol. 25, 2003, № 3. P. 75-78.