Глава 7. Кьеркегор против диванных активистов

Глава 7. Кьеркегор против диванных активистов

Agre, P. E. The Practical Republic: Social Skills and the Progress of Citi-zenship // Community in the Digital Age: Philosophy and Practice (2004): 201–223.

Alexander, M. G., and S. Levin Theoretical, Empirical, and

Practical Approaches to Intergroup Conflict // Journal of Social Is-sues 54, no. 4 (1998): 629–639.

Alinsky, Saul David Rules for Radicals: A Practical Primer for Re-alistic Radicals . New York: Vintage Books, 1989.

Arguello, J., Butler, B. S., Joyce, E., Kraut, R., Ling,

K. S., RosÉ, C., and X. Wang Talk to Me: Foundations for Successful Individual-Group Interactions in Online Communities / In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 968. 2006.

Bakardjieva, M. Virtual Togetherness: An Everyday-Life Perspective //

Media, Culture & Society 25, no. 3 (2003): 291.

Bargh, J. A., and K. Y. McKenna The Internet and Social Life //

Annual Review of Psychology 55 (2004): 573.

Beenen, G., Ling, K., Wang, X., Chang, K., Frankowski, D.,

Resnick, P., and R. E. Kraut Using Social Psychology to Mo-tivate Contributions to Online Communities / In: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 221. 2004.

Bennett, Drake Protesters’ Secret: They’re Out There Because It

Makes Them Happier // Boston Globe, October 11, 2009.

Bennett, W. L. Changing Citizenship in the Digital Age . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2008.

Bennett, W. Communicating Global Activism // Information, Com-munication & Society 6, no. 2 (2003): 143–168.

Billig, M., and H. Tajfel Social Categorization and Similarity in Intergroup Behaviour // European Journal of Social Psychology 3, no. 1 (1973): 27–52.

Bimber, B., Flanagin, A. J., and C. Stohl Reconceptualizing Collective Action in the Contemporary Media Environment // Communication Theory 15, no. 4 (2005): 365–388.

Blears, James Information Revolution Breathes Life into Alliance of Youth Movements // Fox News, October 18, 2009.

Borgmann, Albert Technology and the Character of Contempo-rary Life: A Philosophical Inquiry . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.

Bornstein, G., Crum, L., Wittenbraker, J., Harring, K., Insko, C. A., and J. Thibaut On the Measurement of Social Orientations in the Minimal Group Paradigm // European Journal of Social Psychology 13, no. 4 (1983): 321–350.

Boudreaux, Richard Rent-a-Crowd Entrepreneurs in Ukraine Find People Fast to Cheer or Jeer for Any Cause // Wall Street Jour-nal, February 5, 2010.

Bratich, Jack Z. The Fog Machine // CounterPunch, June 22, 2009. www.counterpunch.org/bratich06222009.html.

Chidambaram, L., and L. L. Tung Is Out of Sight, Out of Mind? An Empirical Study of Social Loafing in Technology-Supported Groups // Information Systems Research 16, no. 2 (2005): 149.

Chin, M. G., and C. G. McClintock The Effects of Intergroup Discrimination and Social Values on Level of Self-Esteem in the Minimal Group Paradigm // European Journal of Social Psycho-logy 23, no. 1 (1993): 63–75.

Christopherson, K. M. The Positive and Negative Implications of Anonymity in Internet Social Interactions // Computers in Human

Behavior 23, no. 6 (2007): 3038–3056.

Dahlgren, P. Doing Citizenship: The Cultural Origins of Civic Agency in the Public Sphere // European Journal of Cultural Stu-dies 9, no. 3 (2006): 267.

Davis, A. New Media and Fat Democracy: The Paradox of Online Par-ticipation // New Media & Society (2009).

Davis, Angela Y. Abolition Democracy: Beyond Empire, Prisons, and Torture . New York: Seven Stories Press, 2005.

Daum, Megham Not Sold on RentAFriend // Los Angeles Times, July 8, 2010.

Della Porta, D., and L. Mosca Global-Net for Global Movements? A Network of Networks for a Movement of Movements // Journal of Public Policy 25, no. 1 (2005): 165–190.

Diehl, M. The Minimal Group Paradigm: Theoretical Explanations and Empirical Findings // European Review of Social Psychology 1, no. 1 (1990): 263–292.

Dreyfus, Hubert L. Anonymity Versus Commitment: The Dangers of Education on the Internet // Ethics and Information Technology 1, no. 1 (1999): 15–20.

Dreyfus, Hubert L. Kierkegaard on the Internet: Anonymity vs. Commitment in the Present Age // Kierkegaard Studies: Yearbook (1999): 96–109.

Dreyfus, Hubert L. On the Internet . Thinking in Action. New York: Routledge, 2001.

Duncan, W. J. Why Some People Loaf in Groups While Others Loaf Alone // Academy of Management Executive (1993–2005) 8, no. 1 (1994): 79–80.

Faris, D. Revolutions Without Revolutionaries? Network, Theory, Facebook, and the Egyptian Blogosphere // Arab Media and Society (2008).

Flanagin, A. J., Stohl, C., and B. Bimber Modeling the Struc-ture of Collective Action // Communication Monographs 73, no. 1 (2006): 29–54.

Funding Opportunity Title: New Empowerment Communication Technologies: Opportunities in the Middle East and North Africa . U. S. Department of State, September 15, 2009. mepi.state.gov/op-portunities/129624.htm.

Garff, Joakim Søren Kierkegaard: A Biography . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005.

Garrett, R. K. Protest in an Information Society: A Review of Lit-erature on Social Movements and New ICTs // Information, Com-munication & Society 9, no. 2 (2006): 202–224.

Geen, R. G. Social Motivation // Annual Review of Psychology 42, no. 1 (1991): 377–399.

Giridharadas, Anand “Buycotting”: Boycotts Minus the Pain // New York Times, October 10, 2009.

Greer, C., and E. McLaughlin We Predict a Riot? Public Order Policing, New Media Environments and the Rise of the Citizen Jour-nalist // British Journal of Criminology (2010).

Harkins, S. G., and R. E. Petty Effects of Task Difficulty and Task Uniqueness on Social Loafing // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 43, no. 6 (1982): 1214–1229.

Heil, Alan L. Voice of America: A History . New York: Columbia Uni-versity Press, 2003.

Hesse, Monica Facebook Activism: Lots of Clicks, but Little Sticks // Washington Post, July 2, 2009.

Higgs, Eric, Light, Andrew, and David Strong, eds. Technol-ogy and the Good Life? Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

Hutchins, B., and L. Lester Environmental Protest and Tap-Dancing with the Media in the Information Age // Media, Culture & Society 28, no. 3 (2006): 433.

Huyke, H. J. Technologies and the Devaluation of What Is Near // Tech-né: The Journal of the Society for Philosophy and Techno logy 6, no. 3 (2003): 1–17.

Ingham, A. G., Graves, J., and V. Peckham The Ringelmann Effect: Studies of Group Size and Group Performance // Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 10, no. 4 (1974): 371–384.

Jayson, Sharon Are Social Networks Making Students More Narcis-sistic? // USA Today, August 25, 2009.

Kierkegaard, SØren Either/Or: A Fragment of Life . New York: Penguin Books, 1992.

Kierkegaard, SØren Fear and Trembling . New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

Klar, M., and T. Kasser Some Benefits of Being an Activist: Mea-suring Activism and Its Role in Psychological Well-Being // Political Psychology 30, no. 5 (2009): 755–777.

Levine, John M., and Richard L. Moreland, eds. Small

Groups: Key Readings . New York: Psychology Press, 2006. Lombaard, C. Fleetingness and Media-ted Existence: From Kierkegaard on the Newspaper to Broderick on the Internet // Communication 35, no. 1 (2009): 17–29.

Lupia, A., and G. Sin Which Public Goods Are Endangered? How Evolving Communication Technologies Affect the Logic of Collective Action // Public Choice 117, no. 3 (2003): 315–331.

Lysenko, V. V., and K. C. Desouza Cyberprotest in Contemporary Russia: The Cases of Ingushetiya.ru and Bakhmina.ru // Techno-logical Forecasting and Social Change 77, no. 7 (September 2010).

Martin, B., and W. Varney Nonviolence and Communication // Journal of Peace Research 40, no. 2 (2003): 213.

Mazzoleni, G., and W. Schulz “Mediatization” of Politics: A Challenge for Democracy? // Political Communication 16, no. 3 (1999): 247–261.

McCarthy, Caroline Facebook, Google, Others Sponsor Youth Activism Summit // CNET News, November 18, 2008. news.cnet. com/8301-13577_3-10101653-36.html.

Moqadam, Afsaneh “Death to the Dictator!” A Young Man Casts a Vote in Iran’s 2009 Election and Pays a Devastating Price . New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010.

Morozov, Evgeny From Slacktivism to Activism // Net Effect, Fo-reign Policy, September 5, 2009. neteffect.foreignpolicy.com/posts/ 2009/09/05/from_slacktivism_to_activism.

Morozov, Evgeny It Feels Like Activism // Newsweek International, June 29, 2009.

Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis The Labors of Internet-Assisted Activism: Overcommunication, Miscommunication, and Communicative Overload // Journal of Information Technology & Politics 6, no. 3 (July 2009): 267–280.

Oliver, P. E. Formal Models of Collective Action // Annual Review of Sociology 19, no. 1 (1993): 271–300.

Olson, Mancur The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups // Harvard Economic Studies, vol. 124. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971.

Piezon, S. L., and R. L. Donaldson Online Groups and Social Loafing: Understanding Student-Group Interactions // Online Jour-nal of Distance Learning Administration 8, no. 4 (2005).

Rev, Istvan Just Noise? Paper presented at the Conference on Cold War Broadcasting Impact , Hoover Institution, Stanford University, Stanford, California, October 13–15, 2004.

Rutkowski, A. F., Vogel, D., Genuchten, M. van, and

C. Saunders Communication in Virtual Teams: Ten Years of

Ryan, Alan Exaggerated Hopes and Baseless Fears // Social Research 64, no. 3 (Fall 1997).

Scola, Nancy The Next Diplomatic Cable // American Prospect, July 27, 2009.

Secretary Rice Remarks with U. K. Foreign Secretary David Miliband and Google Senior Vice President David Drummond . U. S. Department of State, May 22, 2008.

Shah, D. V., Cho, J., Eveland, W. P., et al. Information and Expression in a Digital Age: Modeling Internet Effects on Civic Participation // Communication Research 32, no. 5 (2005): 531.

Shapiro, Samantha M. Revolution, Facebook-Style: Can Social Networking Turn Young Egyptians into a Force for Democratic Change? // New York Times Magazine, January 22, 2009.

Shaw, Gillian Social Media Don’t Promote Significant Social Change, Author Says // Vancouver Sun, April 9, 2010.

Shirky, Clay Here Comes Everybody: The Power of Organizing Without Organizations . New York: Penguin Books, 2009.

Shiue, Y. C., Chiu, C. M., and C. C. Chang Exploring and Mitigating Social Loafing in Online Communities // Computers in Human Behavior (2010).

Skitka, L. J., and E. G. Sargis The Internet as Psychological Laboratory // Annual Review of Psychology 57 (2006): 529.

Slee, Tom Digital Activism: If Information Is Not the Problem, Information Is Not the Solution // Whimsley, January 10, 2010. whimsley.typepad.com/whimsley/2010/01/digital-activism-if-information-is-not-the-problem-information-is-not-the-solution. html.

Starobin, Paul In New Media, Image Is Still Everything // National Journal Magazine, September 12, 2009.

Stolle, D., Hooghe, M., and M. Micheletti Politics in the Supermarket: Political Consumerism as a Form of Political Participation // International Political Science Review/ Revue internationale de science politique 26, no. 3 (2005): 245.

Stone, Brad Users of Social Networks Use Posts to Support Charity // New York Times, November 11, 2009.

Suleiman, J., and R. T. Watson Social Loafing in Technology-Supported Teams // Computer Supported Cooperative Work 17, no. 4 (2008): 291–309.

Tajfel, H., Billig, M. G., Bundy, R. P., and C. Flament Social Categorization and Intergroup Behaviour // European Journal of Social Psychology 1, no. 2 (1971): 149–178.

Tripathi, A. K. On the Internet: Thinking in Action // Information Technology & People 15, no. 4 (2002): 136.

Twenge, Jean M., and W. Keith Campbell The Narcissism Epidemic: Living in the Age of Entitlement . New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009.

U. S. Official Discusses Alliance of Youth Movements Summit .

U. S. Department of State, December 1, 2008.

van Dick, R., Tissington, P. A., and G. Hertel Do Many Hands Make Light Work? // European Business Review 21, no. 3 (2009): 233–245.

Voelpel, S. C., Eckhoff, R. A., and J. Forster David Against Goliath? Group Size and Bystander Effects in Virtual Knowledge Sharing // Human Relations 61, no. 2 (2008): 271.

Wagner, J. A., III. Studies of Individualism-Collectivism: Effects on Cooperation in Groups // Academy of Management Journal 38, no. 1 (1995): 152–172.

Williams, K. D. Social Loafing on Difficult Tasks: Working Collectively Can Improve Performance // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 49, no. 4 (1985): 937–942.

Williams, K. D., Harkins, S., and B. LatanÉ Identifiability as a Deterrent to Social Loafing: Two Cheering Experiments // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40, no. 2 (1981): 303–311.

Witte, E. H. Köhler Rediscovered: The Anti-Ringelmann Effect //

European Journal of Social Psychology 19, no. 2 (1989): 147–154. Worth, Robert F. Opposition in Iran Meets a Crossroads on Stra-tegy // New York Times, February 14, 2010.