Государственное
Ex. 1. Study the following grammar
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- Modal Verbs of Probability
- Ex. 2. Using modal verbs of probability think of as many answers to ques- tions 4, 5, 7, 11 and 17 in ex. 1 on p. 110 as possible.
- Ex. 1. Listen to a summary of the incident with Mathias Rust, but it is not factually accurate. Find 8 mistakes.
- Ex. 4. Try to guess what happened. Use modal verbs of probability when appropriate.
- Ex. 1. The following words have been used in the occurrence description.
- Ex. 2. Match a word in column A with its opposite in B.
- Ex. 1. Listen to the pronunciation of the following words and repeat them.
- Ex. 2. Read, listen to and repeat the sentences with the words above. Some of them contain modals of probability. Pay attention to them.
Ex. 1. Study the following grammar.Some of the questions in ex. 1 on p. 110 are difficult to answer (e.g. questions 4, 5, 7, 11 and 17) because we don’t know exactly what happened and how it oc- curred. In such cases it’s a good idea to use modal verbs of probability. Study the grammar material given below. Modal Verbs of ProbabilityModal verbs must, can’t, could, may, might and some others can be used to say that a situation is (or was) certain, impossible or probable.
Note: Do not use may and might in questions and negative sentences. Use could(n’t) or the phrase be likely: e.g. Could it be that he wasn’t identified by Air Defense? It is unlikely that he served his full time in jail. After modal verbs of probability different forms of the infinitive can be used:
Ex. 2. Using modal verbs of probability think of as many answers to ques- tions 4, 5, 7, 11 and 17 in ex. 1 on p. 110 as possible.Ex. 3. Translate the sentences into English using modals of probability.Не может быть, чтобы он случайно нарушил Советское воздушное пространство. Наверное, он обманул диспетчера, сказав, что летит в Стокгольм. Возможно, у него отказало радиооборудование. Сначала, по всей вероятности, его приняли за неопытного военного пилота. Позднее, возможно, его самолет приняли за вертолет, который прини- мал участие в спасательной операции. Не может быть, чтобы произошло столько совпадений. Матиасу, должно быть, невероятно повезло. Он, наверно, написал мемуары и заработал много денег. В случае проникновения в запретную зону самолет-нарушитель может быть перехвачен и принудительно посажен. Каждый пилот должен знать, что в случае нарушения воздушного пространства иностранного государства его самолет могут сбить. LISTENING AND SPEAKING Ex. 1. Listen to a summary of the incident with Mathias Rust, but it is not factually accurate. Find 8 mistakes.Ex. 2. Make your own summary with an accurate account of what really happened.Ex. 3. You are going to listen to another air space infringement occurrence. Before listening try to guess the meaning of the following words using the sample sentences, which are taken from the story. Listen and repeat the words and sample sentences.fit (v) The aircraft was not fitted with an inertial navigation system. declination (n) The pilots used the wrong sign of magnetic declina- tion when converting between magnetic and true headings. reconnaissance (n) The plane was initially recognized by Soviet anti- aircraft defense radars as a United States Air Force reconnaissance Boeing 747. intruder (n) Military jets were sent to intercept the intruder. convince (v) The captain was ordered to shoot it down after trying to convince his superiors on the ground that the aircraft was not a military threat. deliberately (adv) They deliberately failed to obey the commands of the Soviet interceptors. apology (n) The Korean crew made a formal apology. Ex. 4. Try to guess what happened. Use modal verbs of probability when appropriate.Ex. 5. Listen to the story and answer the following questions.Where did the flight originate? Where did the incident happen? What caused it? Were there any casualties? How did it all end? What happened to the crew? VOCABULARY Ex. 1. The following words have been used in the occurrence description.Match a word in column A with its definition in column B.A Bintruder reconnaissance convince puncture (v) obey be equipped make somebody believe that something is true done in a way that was planned, not by chance the activity of getting information about an area for military purposes, using soldiers, planes, etc. a weapon that is sent through the air and that ex- plodes when it hits the thing that it is aimed at convert f) an aircraft that enters an air space illegally apology deliberately be fitted superior missile to change something from one form, purpose, sys- tem, etc. to another make a small hole in something a word or statement saying sorry for something that has been done wrong or that causes a problem do what you are told or expected to do a person of higher rank, status or position Ex. 2. Match a word in column A with its opposite in B.A Binitially a) fatalities superior b) deny deliberately c) small release d) inferior ignore e) finally enormous f) comply with survivors g) accidentally, by chance acknowledge h) detain PRONUNCIATION, LISTENING AND SPEAKING Ex. 1. Listen to the pronunciation of the following words and repeat them.
Ex. 2. Read, listen to and repeat the sentences with the words above. Some of them contain modals of probability. Pay attention to them.In most cases unauthorized penetration of airspace occurs due to pilot error. Air space infringement is not a rare occurrence despite all the efforts made by aviation authorities. The pilot spotted two military interceptors flying towards him. There must have been enormous changes in aviation security since September 11, 2001. It could be the so-called swine flu, but the doctor didn’t recognize the symptoms. It might have been a plane on a reconnaissance mission. He failed to follow a direct order from his superior. The intruder was ordered to land as soon as possible. Their unauthorized penetration into the foreign country’s air space was a real threat to the passengers’ lives. The surface-to-air missiles fired at the intruder could have shot him down. How many people survived in the crash? There might have been no survivors at all. The airline apologized for the late departure of our plane. They made a formal apology for the incident. жүктеу/скачать 1.29 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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