Жас ғалымдар, магистранттар, студенттер мен мектеп оқушыларының «хxi сәтбаев оқулары»
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| «XXI Сәтбаев оқулары»
«СТУДЕНТТЕР» сериясы Flotation is used to clean industrial wastewater from the following contaminants: surfactants, oil and petroleum products, oils, as well as various fibrous materials. The cleaning process consists in the formation of complexes «particles-air bubbles», the surfacing of these complexes on the surface of the liquid to form a foam layer containing dirt and the subsequent removal of this layer from the surface. The effect of the air bubble sticking to the surface of the particle is achieved only if the liquid does not wet it well. The degree of water wetting of solid or gas particles dispersed in water can be characterized by the edge angle wetting operations, θ (fig. 1). Figure 1 – Diagram of the adhesion of the air bubble 1 to the particle 2 suspended in water Biological wastewater treatment is based on the biochemical oxidation of organic and inorganic substances contained in wastewater by microorganisms. Participating in the constructive and energetic exchange of microbial cells, wastewater pollution undergoes complex chemical and biological transformations. These processes, occurring in the free volume or on the surface of the carrier, are the result of the metabolic activity of microorganisms, which are based on reactions catalyzed by enzymes both inside the cell and outside it. As a result of catabolic processes, the initial substances disintegrate with the release of free energy. Organic substances are converted into simpler compounds, some of them are further oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, while others are used for biosynthesis in the processes of anabolism [5, p. 68]. For biological purification processes, an important indicator is the depth of oxidation of organic substances, including petroleum products. Improving the efficiency of treatment is possible by increasing the duration of contact of the treated water with activated sludge, i.e. reducing the load on the structures. However, wastewater, especially industrial wastewater, contains a bioresistant component, which determines the maximum degree of purification in aeration tanks and biofilters [5, p. 85]. REFERENCES 1) Gudkov A. G. Mehanicheskaya ochistka stochnyh vod : ucheb. posobie. – Vologda: VoGTU, 2003. – 152 s. 2) Iakovlev S. V., Karelin I. A., Laskov U.M., Voronov Yu.V. Ochistka proizvodstvennyh stochnyh vod : ucheb. posobie dlya vyzov. – 2-e izd., pererab. i dop.: M, 1985. – 335 s. 3) Internet in Kazakhstan: Metody inzhenernoi zashity poverhnosnyh vod ot promyshlennyh stokov [electronnyi resurs]. – URL: https://zinref.ru/000_uchebniki/03700_ochistka_vodi/002_ Metody_ochistki_prirodnykh_i_stochnykh_vod/000.htm 4) Krivoshein D. A., Kukin P. P., Lapin V. L. Inzhenernaya zashita poverhnosnyh vod ot promyshlennyh stokov: ucheb. posobie. – M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2003. – 344 s. 5) Stepanov S. V. Biologicheskaya ocistka i doochistka ctochnyh vod neftepererabatyvaushih b neftehimicheskih predpriyatii : dissertaciya. – Samara, 2014. – 345 s. жүктеу/скачать 4.43 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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