Курсовая работа Тема: Equivalents of gerund are in Russian translation


Section 4 Comparison of the English gerund and its equivalents in Russian



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Section 4 Comparison of the English gerund and its equivalents in Russian
I’ve analyzed the gerund in Russian translations of the book by C.S. Lewis “The Silver Chair” (19), and “The Lion, the Which and the Wardrobe” (20).

I’ve found the translation of these books by Shaposhnikova and Ostrovskaya. These books are under the edition of N.Trauberg (19; 20). One can see that the authors of the translation used a free technique of translation without paying any attention to the grammar and Russian equivalents. At first I’d like to consider the translation of the gerund, which is rendered by other Russian parts of speech (21; 22). There are:

Without speaking – молчание,

for looking while – победил,

for not liking – не любит,

she couldn’t help thinking – ей казалось.

Let nothing turn your mind from following the sights! – Не забывай о знаках!

like being in an airplane – напоминал самолет.

The sound of waves breaking on the store was growing louder – Звуки прибоя становились громче.

telling – узнать,

No one suggested doing anything. – Никто не говорил, что делать дальше.

she began groping with their feet – стояла изо всех сил,

buzzing – шепчут.

It’s worse than coming back and finding him dead. – Лучше бы мне знать, что он умер.

opening – отверстие,

saying – послышалось,

trying – учить,

without delivery – не успела,

knowing – запоминание,

looking - отправились,

talking of going to a party – речь шла о гостях,

on saying – заметил,

after changing – другим,

resting on – положил,

sleeping – лечь,

stop beating – не остановилась,

talking of archers – о стрелах,

for being able to shoot – научился стрелять,

walking – поехали,

there is no denying – спору нет,

there was no mistaking – были уверены,

saying – спросил,

without thinking –припомнить,

for not knowing – не помнить,

without knocking - не удариться,

climbing down – по ступеням,

began making tour – стали бежать

he had to keep on pretending-с трудом удержался

looking at-вытаращила глаза

without meaning-не трогать

talking again-вспоминать

vanishing-замечать

feeling-хватать

of finding-выходить

stepping out-оказываться

trying on sound-словно

by jeering-смеяться

getting-брать

of getting-попадать

going-перелетела

of being smooth-не ровняй

bringing-стукать

for keeping-позволять

there was nothing stirring-кругом ни движения

wondering-задал вопрос

before leaving-убежал

thinking-хотелось

bringing-в руках

hearing-разбирать

saying-молчали

on using-тереть

(19, 4 – 121; 20, 5 – 20; 22, 4 – 65; 21, 4 – 35).

One can see a big difference between the gerund and Russian equivalents. The thing is that the translator cannot find a direct way to render what C.S.Lewis meant by these gerunds. The translator should see the meaning of words between lines. There is no gerund in Russian and, maybe, it was case for the translator to say like that. But if the translator followed the grammar, the awkward translation would be.

The gerunds, which the translator couldn’t translate:





barging,

telling,


at believing,

dancing,


trying,

of getting,

from gong,

learning,

hearing,

struggling,

vibrating,

without warning,

seeing,

being,


wondering,

talking in,

from drinking,

being carried,

before going on,

from bringing,

of finding,

ringing,


for making,

shifting,

at finding,

of catching,

panting,

mistaking,

purling,

boo-hoeing ,

for keeping,

on remembering,

etching,

for shopping,

of coming,

on getting,

of sitting,

beginning,

on standing,

coming in,

eagling,

waiting,


groping

being


talking

leading


looking out

seeing


being

wondering

talking in

from drinking

being carried

before going on

from bringing

of finding

ringing

pushing


of feeling

wondering

blinking in

feeling


sobbing

jumping out

tapping

putting


pulling

nesting


forgetting

groping


driving

hanging down

flying up

champing


blowing

holding out

shining

of trying

looking at

rising


looking round

for getting

talking about

turning to

talking off

beginning to

minding

trailing round

stamping

pretending

stamping

stooping


about having

without noticing

including

holding


fishing

for caring

looking for

on thinking

of going

about being

keeping

crossing


saying

bounding back

of scrambling

puffing


panting

feeling


looking

running


trying

eating


drinking

passing


on doing

(19, 4 – 121; 20, 4 –77).





The translator has ignored these gerunds because she couldn’t reproduce Lewis’ idea and analogues of the English gerund in Russian.



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