118
119
Fig.1. Presence of Cd, Pb and Zn in soil samplestaken from
the vicinity of lead-zinc
smelter near Veles (red peak - average value, green peak – permitted level)
The higher contents of cadmium, lead and zinc were distinguished as main anthropogenic in-
troduced elements in the smelt environ (Stafilov, Jordanovska, 1994; Stafilov et al., 2010).
Heavy metal pollution around ―Bucim‖ cooper mine and its smelter plant
One of the major emission sources of certain metals in the eastern part of the Republic of
Macedonia is the copper mine and flotation Bucim, near the town of Radovis. The study focuses on
the monitoring of distribution and characterization of metals and some lithogenic elements in soil in
the Bucim mine copper environ. The range of values shows much higher content of Cu in the sam-
ples from the study area (9.3-1200 mg kg'). For the rest of the potentially anthropogenic elements
(Pb, Ni, V and Zn), no significant enrichment factors were found. For these elements, comparative
analysis was conducted, and it was found that only Cu contents vary due to the anthropogenic mine
influence (Pančevski et al., 2006).
Distribution of heavy metals around ferronickel smelter plant in Kavadarci
It was found that the critically high concentrations are related primarily to high concentra-
tions of Ni and Cr in the sampling points of the investigated region. The concentrations of these el-
ements are higher in subsoil than in topsoil, it can be concluded that the occurrence is natural. This
fact indicates that the ferronickel smelter plant situated in this region, in spite of the obvious envi-
ronmental pollution by ore dust, has not contributed significantly to the measured content of these
elements, due to the their high content in the background (Stafilov et al., 2010).
Distribution of heavy metalsin soil sedimentsin the area of abandoned Sb-As-Tl Allchar mine
The abandoned mines and mining areas are important issue because can be a major source of
environmental pollution. Although the contaminants have a long residence time in soils and waste
materials at historical mining sites, research indicates that the mobility and bioavailability of metals
in many of these
environments is still high; the transfer of contaminants to the food chain and
exposure of the local populations till occur (Merrington, Alloway, 1994).
The main interest of this study was focused on the behavior of As, Sb and Tl around abandoned
Allchar mine. The content of As in the soil around the Allchar mine was a significantly high, which
is 17 times higher compared with the rest of the Allchar area, and 89 times higher compared to the
European average. The geochemical
association of the arsenic, antimony and thallium indicates
mainly natural enrichment, and several high-values for Sb were explained as a result of the former
Ottoman Empire mining activity in the study area. The content of Tl determined in the Allchar lo-
cality probably reflects the highest established natural concentration in soil worldwide. It is im-
portant to point out that Sb was enriched 160 times and therefore, Sb distribution involves signifi-
cant hazardous anthropogenic impact (Bačeva et al., 2014; Stafilov et al., 2013).
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