UNIT 19
WATER TRANSPORT
1.
One of the most important things about water transport is the
small
e ort needed to move floating craft. A heavy boat or a barge weighing
Severn tons
can be moved through the water, slowly but steadily, by one
horse
аеГОр1апе of the same we’ght as the barge needs engines of 1,000
power or more in order to fly.
of boat
Га^ made
woo
Rafts seem to be clumsy vessels, although the Norwegian
scienUst
or Heyerdahl and his five companions in 1947 made a voyage
on the raft Kon-Tiki from Peru to Tuamotu
Islands - a distance of 4,500 miles.
^cnow ,^e waler transport in
ancient times to have been
to гяп-v th m° St r?pldly on £reat rivers. The ancient Romans used vessels
g
a
C
S
S
” РР““ “
ТҺе“ 8ЫР5’
-
be used in the Mediterranean till 1750.
be madp^fthntr° d|!Cti0n of
ma§net‘c compass allowed long voyages to
ёГ 1ег safety- At fte end of the 15th
sailin*
Africa to India
° ^
Cam
men ^ om
Europe to America and round
Pf0Ved 10 ^ Ше
* * * Р0ІПІ ІП Ле
to have been^e^H ^.01^ ^ P s,‘ ®ne of
earliest steam boats is known
cross
Z S ™
“ J * c end 0f Л е 18th centulX The first steamship to
made
the crossing in
98' foot
shiP built at New York>which
well as paddles 1 Bv fh*»
J
a m
* *
* е early steamships, it had sails as
build much lareer «hi
f
19ttl century it became possible to
6. The rapid i i J f °Г •Г° u ^ Steei began to replace timber.
the industrial revolution^The ind
Г * POWer ° f ShlpS WaS Pr0m0ted Ьу
of goods which were carried ," , T countries Produced great quantities
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