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Text 9D 
The main lessons from a technical comparison of European 
cadastral systems 
Recently European Union has conducted a comparison of Euro-
pean cadastres. The three main technical conclusions of the studies of 
urban cadastres are: (1) many European countries are moving toward 
the integration of the cadastre with the property registry, (2) existing 
graphic and textual information is detailed but their homogeneity var-
ies from one country to another and (3) computerized technology is 
new commonly used. 
Historically, ownership was established without cadastre. Never-
theless, nowadays, most European countries have understood the im-
portance of linking the property registries or mortgage books with the 
cadastre to eventually achieve a legal cadastre or a parcel based regis-
try. In the land registry, the right is created once inscribed in the book 
under the control of a judge. The inscription in the land book is ac-
companied by an accurate survey. In the mortgage book, the right is 
created by the contract between the parties. The inscription in the 
mortgage book makes the right defendable to a third party. It is now 
compulsory to ensure the exact correspondence between the cadastre 
and the mortgage book. 
In most countries the cadastre is old and homogeneous. Urban ca-
dastre maps cover the dense of urban and dense of peri-urban areas of 
main European cities. The cartographic and historic homogeneity of 
these maps is highly various from one country to another. Moreover, 
the characteristics of the textual information associated to the graphic 
information vary largely from one country to another. 
Computerized technology is now commonly used. Most of the 
countries have almost finished capturing cadastral textual information 
and are now on the way to digitize the graphic information (cadastral 
maps). Technical departments are now equipped with highly sophisti-
cated computerized equipment for data acquisition and maintenance.

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