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Aristotle is said to have defined a City as a "place where men live a 
common life for a noble end" which implies an end or aim. 
Unfortunately in the majority of cases the aim has been an uncon-
scious one with the result that cities have grown in a haphazard man-
ner, and many beautiful spots turned into an ugly accumulation of 
bricks and mortar. 
A careful study of what wise town planning, the liberal provision 
of attractive amenities can do, and has done for some of the cities of 
Europe will convince the greatest anti-town-planner of the wisdom of 
looking well ahead. It invariably happens that town planning is not 
thought of or put into operation until a certain amount of development 
has taken place. 
A city attractive by its beauty, by its artistic symmetry and design 
and by the amenities and conveniences which it offers will gain a rep-
utation and an individuality which not only its Council and its land-
owners, but also its citizens, may be proud. 
What then should be the aim of every City? And to answer that 
question we are at once thrown back upon the question of what should 
be the individuality by which the City should be marked and known. 
Bacon says in his "Essay of Gardens", that "God Almighty first 
planted a garden. And indeed it is the purest of human pleasures, it is 
the greatest refreshment to the spirit of men without which buildings 
and palaces are but gross handiwork." Surely then the aim should be 
the one implied by the term "Garden City", beautiful, well planted and 
finely laid out, known and characterized by the charm and amenities 
which it can offer to those who seek a residence or dwelling removed 
from the turmoil, stress and discomforts of a manufacturing district. 
The various system of planning which have been adopted in the 
past are rectangular, radial and circumferential; but the latest schemes 
for town planning are generally a combination of all three, which al-
lows for the best fulfilment of town planning ideals. 
The problem then for the town planner is to consider his scheme in 
respect to the configuration and undulations of the site; direction of 
main radial and circumferential avenues and boulevards; the layout 
and construction of avenues and boulevards; open spaces, parks and 
recreation grounds; tramways; civic centre. 
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The limitation of the number of houses per acre and height and 
identical character should be provided. Factories and works must also 
be placed in the special areas. 

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