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UNIT 4. MARKETS, TAXES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. Lesson 13 . INTERACTION BETWEEN MARKETS, LAND REGISTRATION, SPATIAL PLANNING

particular, the Urban Development Code has no provisions dealing
with the ways in which changes in plans become effective. If the es-
sence of the Russian law is that environmental and social obligations
are to be integrated with the fundamental property rights and obliga-
tions in land, then the law must explain how this is to happen. The
current Urban Development Code appears to assume that its mandates
apply automatically as a result of the simple requirement that subse-
quent actions must be made compatible through the compilation of ur-
ban development documentation.
The existing urban development law is also silent on all the ques-
tions related to the power and procedures for buying out (expropriat-
ing) sites necessary for new transport routes, infrastructure and public
facility sites. As a land reform progresses and more urban land parcels
become fixed with ownership, leasehold and other land rights, the is-
sues of impact of planning on value and use of lands will increase and
questions about when and whether compensation is required will arise.
There is no need for the Russian Federation to copy the "western"
laws on Urban Development and planning, which relate to signifi-
cantly different current situations of landholding, development and
economic relations in urban areas. However, to be successful, the laws
of the Russian Federation need to deal, in a practical way, with the
problems presented by their unique fundamental system of integrated
land rights and obligations.
130

UNIT 4. MARKETS, TAXES, ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS.
Lesson 13. INTERACTION BETWEEN MARKETS, LAND
REGISTRATION, SPATIAL PLANNING
1. Прочтите следующие слова:

Single, frequently, adversely, commodity, social, allocation, port-
folio, sharecropping, rationale, sophistication, particularly, globaliza-
tion, performance, commodification, harmonization, accounting, ex-
pect, reduce.
131

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