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 Прочтите и переведите на русский язык текст 13Д



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18. Прочтите и переведите на русский язык текст 13Д 
 
Text 13D 
Objectives and methods of land market 
Dothan, Alabama, has experienced urbanization pressures during 
the past 20 years, developing from a primarily agricultural economy to 
one of the fastest industrializing cities of its size in the Southeast. This 
developing economic centre for the Wiregrass area has attracted an in-
flux of individuals and industry which has resulted in substantial pop-
ulation growth, from 36733 in 1980 to 53589 in 2003. Migration of 
commercial and industrial organizations into this area has also created 
a stronger economy and has promoted higher incomes for residents. 
Increases in population and incomes have influenced the value of ag-
ricultural land surrounding the city. 
An analysis of agricultural land markets and values in a transitional 
area can contribute to an enhanced understanding of the development 
138


process for small to mid-sized municipalities. Shifting patterns of land 
use and the relative importance of factors affecting land values can be 
evaluated and compared in the transitional area. 
The primary objective of this study was to analyze the transitional 
nature of the agricultural land market in a rural-urban fringe and esti-
mate the impact of selected factors affecting the price for agricultural 
land contiguous to a moderately sized city such as Dothan. Various 
demand-related factors were expected to be the primary determinants 
of agricultural land value in the rural-urban fringe, with develop-
ment/urbanization factors being a component of this set. Contributing 
factors were grouped into locational, physical, and sales characteris-
tics associated with specific properties in the study area. 
Attempts were made to include only "bona fide" sales (market 
transactions in which the price is derived in free and open negotiations 
between a well-informed seller who is able, willing, and under no 
compulsion to dispose of the property and a well-informed buyer who 
is also able, willing, and under no compulsion to buy the property in 
question) of agricultural land. Other transactions, such as foreclosure 
sales, tax sales, and sales between relatives, were excluded from the 
data base. 
The size of the tract and its location and primary uses were other 
key considerations for determining eligibility for the data base. The 
primary focus of this study centered around the conversion of agricul-
tural land in transitional areas. Thus, the land already used for non-
agricultural purposes at the time of the sale was considered ineligible 
and, therefore, was not included in the sample. Tracts which were less 
than 4 acres in size were omitted because there is relatively no agricul-
tural demand for such a small acreage in this area. The 4-acre size lim-
it was based on the smallest tract purchased for agricultural uses, as 
verified from responses provided in returned questionnaires. 
Undeveloped property located in a residential subdivision or indus-
trial park at the time of sale was also considered ineligible for inclu-
sion because there would be little rational demand from the agricul-
tural sector for such property. The rationale for this specific criterion 
is based on the fact that once these undeveloped tracts are classified as 
predominately residential or commercial, they are technically no long-
er considered feasible for agricultural production due to high values 
initiated by the urban demand. 
139


Analyses were conducted for the Dothan fringe land market and 
the rural and urban components of this area. The rural market, which 
included 101 observations located more than 8 miles from the central 
business district, was highly agriculturally oriented. This area is not 
included in the Dothan city limits and has undergone the same degree 
of urbanization. 


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