Р. П. Мильруд Доктор педагогических наук, профессор кафедры иностранных языков
Table 3.2. Examples of research ideas and their derived focus
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- Table 3.3. Formulating research questions as research objectives
| Table 3.2. Examples of research ideas and their derived focus
research questions Research idea General focus research question Job recruitment via the Internet How effective is recruiting for the new staff via the Internet in com- parison with traditional methods? Advertising and share prices How does the running of a TV ad- vertising campaign designed to boost the image of a company affect its share price? The use of aromas as a marketing device In what ways does the use of spe- cific aromas in supermarkets affect buyer behaviour? The future of trade unions What are the strategies that trade unions should adopt to ensure their future viability? 6. General focus research questions may be used as a base from which you write a set of research objectives. Ob- jectives are more generally acceptable to the research community as evidence of the researcher’s clear sense of purpose and direction. Research objectives require more rigorous thinking, which derives from the use of more formal language. Table 3.3. summarizes the objectives of some research conducted by one of our postgraduates Table 3.3. Formulating research questions as research objectives Research question Research objective 1. Why have organizations introduced team briefing? 1. To identify organisations’ objectives for team briefing schemes 2. How can the effectiveness of team briefing schemes be measured? 2. To establish suitable effectiveness criteria for team briefing schemes 3. Has team briefing been effective? 3 To describe the extent to which the effec- tiveness criteria for team briefing have been met 4. How can the effectiveness of team briefing be ex- plained? 4a. To determine the factors associated with the effectiveness criteria fir team briefing being met. 4b. To estimate whether some of those fac- tors are more influential than other factors 5. Can the explanation be generalized? 5. To develop an explanatory theory that associates certain factors with the effective- ness of team briefing schemes 7. Unlike ‘what’ questions, ‘why’ questions go beyond descriptions and require analysis. They look for explana- tions, relationships, comparisons, predictions, generalizations and theories. It is a shot step from the ‘why’ research question to the testing of an existing theory in a new situation or the development of your own theory. This may be ex- pressed as a hypothesis that is to be tested or the eventual answer to your research question may be the development or amendment of a theory. Although intelligence gathering (or it is often called descriptive research) will play a part in your research, it is unlikely to be enough. You should be seeking to explain phenomena, to analyse relationships, to compare what is going on in different research settings, to predict outcomes and to generalize; then you will be working at the theoretical level. This is a necessary requirement for most assessed research projects. 8. Writing a research proposal is a crucial part of the research process. If you are applying for research funding, or if your proposal is going before an academic research committee, then you will know that you will need to put a great deal of time into the preparation of your proposal. However, even if the official need for a proposal is not so vital it is still a process that will repay very careful attention. Writing a research proposal helps you to organize your ideas, and can be thought of as a contract between you and the reader. The content of the research proposal should tell the reader what you want to do, why you want to do it, what you are trying to achieve, and how you to plan to achieve it. Therefore the structure of the research proposal includes: title, background, research question(s) and objectives, method, timescale, resources and references. You may find a worked example of a written research proposal in Case study on page 44. жүктеу/скачать 0.69 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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