Учебное пособие по английскому языку для студентов 2 курса факультета математики и информационных технологий Уфа риц башгу 2020
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1) How do you understand René Descartes’ ‘Cogito Ergo Sum’ philosophy? 2) What did he lay the foundations for? 3) What is his greatest development in the area of geometry? 4) How did geometers manage to perform their art before the development of Cartesian Geometry? 5) What was his contribution to the mathematical notation? V. Euclid Living around 300BC, he is considered the Father of Geometry and his magnum opus, Elements, is one the greatest mathematical works in history, with its being in use in education up until the 20th century. In the Elements, Euclid deduced the principles of what is now called Euclidean geometry from a small set of axioms. The geometrical system described in the Elements was long known simply as geometry, and was considered to be the only geometry possible. Today, however, that system is often referred to as Euclidean geometry to distinguish it from other so-called non-Euclidean geometries that mathematicians discovered in the 19th century. Euclid also wrote works on perspective, conic sections, spherical geometry, number theory and rigor. Unfortunately, very little is known about his life, and what exists was written long after his presumed death. Nonetheless, Euclid is credited with the instruction of the rigorous, logical proof for theorems and conjectures. Such a framework is still used to this day, and thus, arguably, he has had the greatest influence of all mathematicians on this list. Alongside his Elements were five other surviving works, thought to have been written by him, all generally on the topic of Geometry or Number theory. There are also another five works that have, sadly, been lost throughout history. Answer the following questions: 1) Why is Euclid’s ‘Elements’ considered to be one the greatest mathematical works in history? What is it devoted to? 2) What mathematical topics did the works of Euclid cover? 3) How many other works besides the Elements survived? What are they devoted to? жүктеу/скачать 0.59 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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