Эпидемиологические особенности описторхоза на современном этапе
Kussainova Arman Sailavbekovna
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| Kussainova Arman Sailavbekovna
Epidemiological features of opisthorchiasis at the present stage 14.00.30 – epidemiology SUMMARY In this dissertational work results of long-term (2000-2009) complex clinical-epidemiological and parasitological researches on studying of prevalence, clinical implications and current variants of opisthorchiasis in Kazakhstan were generalized. The problem urgency is obvious and results from a wide circulation of opisthorchises in water sources (including artificial) of the North and the West of Kazakhstan, and also active anthropogenous change of environment that causes preconditions for spreading of the invasion and causes threat of infection in people. This work is devoted to achievement of the purpose studying of features of spreading and epidemiological implications of opisthorchiasis in Republic of Kazakhstan for the working out of complex system of antiepidemic protection of the population including diagnostic, antiepidemic and preventive algorithms. Materials and methods of the research: Work is carried out on the basis of the Karaganda state medical university, Governance of the state sanitary-and-epidemiologic supervision of the Karaganda oblast, the Kazakh scientific center of quarantine and zoonotic diseases by M. Aikimbaiev. We used epidemiological (the retrospective epidemiological analysis, studying of patterns of epidemic process of opisthorchiasis in Republic of Kazakhstan territory on mean annual indicators of morbidity), parasitologic, statistical methods of research, contamination of fishes, their chemical compound and alimentary value. Obtained results: 1. Тhe territory differentiation of the Republic of Kazakhstan (in the connections of oblasts) and the Karaganda area (in the connections of districts) on morbidity level of opisthorchiasis in people with use of geographical information technology was carried out and attributive and graphic databases of the epidemiological information on opisthorchiasis were created. It was established that the opisthorchiasis's incidence (except for the West Kazakhstan oblast) is dated for a river basin of Irtysh and its inflows, i.e. to Ob-Irtysh to the metafocus. At the analysis of the long-term dynamics (2000-2009) of the opisthorchiasis incidence in population of the Republic Kazakhstan its decrease was established, but at the same time its expressed territorial non-uniformity was defined; the Pavlodar, West Kazakhstan, Kostanay oblasts are high endemic on this disease. In spite of the fact that opisthorchiasis is typical natural-focal disease, its natural nidus in territory of the Karaganda oblast is expressed weakly and the human incidence is caused by mainly anthropogenous influence (the meliorative works referred on water supply of industrial centers and agricultural districts, works on fish farming). In territory of the Karaganda oblast there are interconnected natural foci of opisthorchiasis: Shidertinsky (hydroknots of the Shidertinsky channel), Nurinsky (an average watercourse of Nura) and Zhezkazgansky (the Sary-su and Kengir rivers). The fish fauna in mentioned foci is identical and presented by mainly native fishes of family cyprinid: ide, crucian, small fry, bream, rudd, minnow and introduced in hydroknots of the Shidertinsky channel - carp, European carp, white cupid and silver carp. Appreciable number of partially drying up lakes of the Karaganda oblast, mainly salty (Karasor, Karakoin, etc.), are a habitat of contaminated with opisthorchises fishes and bythiniae adapting for high salinity of water and represent potential danger of infection in people in connection with conducted game fishes. The priority medical-social and epidemiological factors influencing on formation of the foci and activity of parasitogenic invasion are a character of the food, accompanying diseases - an alimentary system pathology, age, domestic conditions. The algorithm of laboratory diagnostics and treatment monitoring, a card of dynamic observation of the patient with chronic opisthorchiasis were developed for perfection of preventive maintenance and antiepidemic actions on opisthorchiasis. жүктеу/скачать 142.5 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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