Гигабайты власти: информационные технологии между свободой и тоталитаризмом

Любая большая организация и вообще всякая многочисленная общность людей - по некоторым прикидкам, начиная с количества примерно в 1 тысячу человек - обретает своего рода "коллективное сознание" и начинает вести себя как живое существо. Лучше всего это видно на бюрократических организациях, при таком числе сотрудников превращающихся в самодостаточную единицу, которой, в принципе, уже не требуются для существования ни входящие сверху команды, ни исходящие вовне результаты работы. Большая организация вполне способна существовать сама ради себя, бодаться с себе подобными за ограниченные ресурсы, охранять занятую территорию и пытаться урвать что-то у соседей. Короче - бороться за выживание в соответствии с суровыми законами биологического отбора.

Самое неприятное, что у этого надбиологического существа все инстинкты - звериные, а разум - человеческий, хотя и коллективный. Но у всякого отдельно взятого индивидуума, как носителя человеческого сознания, есть то, что отличает его от всех остальных животных - совесть. А у всякой большой общности людей - будь то госадминистрация, спецслужба, церковь, корпорация или политическая партия - совести нет и сама по себе она никак не появляется. Так уж получилось.

И, к величайшему сожалению, практически всегда человек, пытающийся занять видное место в иерархии всякой организации, начинает отождествлять себя, свое сознание, с коллективным разумом этой общности. Другими словами, вытеснять и подменять свою человеческую совесть животными интересами коллективного сознания, которые в данном случае носят всевозможные благородные названия типа: национальная безопасность, патриотизм, укрепление веры, партийная дисциплина или корпоративная этика. Еще более печально то, что с подменой совести на "общественные интересы" все наиболее мерзкие человеческие качества - алчность, жестокость, лживость, цинизм и т.д. - никуда не исчезают, а напротив, начинают цвести махровым цветом.

И это понятно, ведь главными факторами, заставляющими человека держаться "в рамках", являются собственная совесть и страх наказания. И когда совесть заглушена, а служение "высоким общественным интересам" порождает иллюзию безнаказанности, люди начинают творить черт знает что. Совесть у них, конечно, не совсем исчезла, а придавлена (люди все же остаются людьми, хоть и больными), так что они продолжают осознавать, сколь мерзкие делают вещи, а потому начинают возводить вокруг творимого плотную завесу тайн и стены секретности. И от этого ощущение безнаказанности возрастает еще больше.

Короче говоря, на самом деле эта книга - о людях. Но, по преимуществу, не о простых людях, а о мутантах. О больных людях с хронически угнетенной совестью, мыслящих себя выразителями "общественного сознания". Абсолютно бесстыжего сознания, надо подчеркнуть.

Может показаться, что новые инфотехнологии, обеспечивающие рост всепроникающего и постоянного надзора, делают общую ситуацию только хуже. Ведь личные свободы каждого отдельно взятого человека, имеющего совесть, лишь уменьшаются, а осведомленность бессовестных корпораций и властей все больше нарастает. Но в действительности здесь заложен гигантский потенциал к исцелению нашего душевнобольного общества. А именно - к наделению коллективного сознания, наконец, и своей "коллективной совестью".

Ведь именно такова роль общественного доступа к повсеместно распространяющимся средствам слежения за властью - информационным базам, веб-дневникам (блогам), мобильным средствам коммуникации, веб-камерам и так далее. Народ уже имеет под рукой практически все технические средства, способные убедить власть и корпорации, что они всегда, буквально ежеминутно находятся под пристальным и оценивающим взором небезразличного населения. Осталось только дождаться, когда и публика - носитель коллективной совести - это поймет. И начнет действовать не спонтанно, как сейчас, а осмысленно и целенаправленно.

Хочется надеяться, что данные идеи достаточно внятно проиллюстрированы настоящей книгой.
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GJ01 "Bush Halts Inquiry of FBI and Stirs Up a Firestorm," by Glen Johnson, Boston Globe, Dec 14, 2001, http://www.commondreams.org/headlines01/1214-01.htm

GL02 "Pentagon Defense Strategist Previews Future Warfare," by George Lewis, U. of Kentucky News, July 11, 2002, http://www.uky.edu/PR/News/AndyMarshall.htm

GL03 "DoD enlists RFID tags in procurement battle," by George Leopold, EE Times, Oc-tober 23, 2003, http://www.eetimes.com/story/OEG20031023S0054

GO03 "Maryland Proceeds with Voting Machine Installation. Independent Analyst Submits Positive Review of Diebold Machine", Maryland Governor's Office Press Release, September 24, 2003, http://www.dbm.maryland.gov/SBE