М инистерство образования и науки
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24. PARADIGMATIC STRUCTUREThe problems for discussion 1. The paradigmatic approach to the sentence. 2. The notions of deep and surface structure. 3. Base pattern and transformation. 4. Six major classes of transformational procedures. 5. Clausalisation, phrasalisation, nominalization. 6. Lower and higher predicative functions of the sentence. 7. The notion of the ‘predicative load’ of the sentence. Key terms: sentence patterns (models), syntactic derivation, kernel sentence (basic syntactic pattern, elementary sentence model, base sentence), derivational procedures (syntactic transformations), constructional relations, predicative relations, phrasalization, nominalization (complete and partial), clausalization, predicative functions, primary sentence patterns, ‘lower’ and ‘higher’ predicative functions, predicative categories, paradigmatic series, predicatively (non-) loaded sentences, ‘light’ and ‘heavy’ predicative load I. Define the predicative load of the sentences. MODEL: You needn't have asked him. The syntactic predicative load of this sentence is 2, as it renders two strong syntactic oppositional meanings: those of the modal subject-object relation {need) and negation. The morphological load is presented by the perfect {have asked). It might have been a model of the Holy Grail (Chesterton). "Why didn't you murder him?" (Chesterton) You might make a story out of it (Maugham). She began to giggle (Maugham). It must be settled once for all (Maugham). How should I know? (Maugham) Wouldn't you like me to read? (Hemingway) You're not going to die (Hemingway). Can't you let a man die? (Hemingway) You might think about someone else (Hemingway). Couldn't I read to you? (Hemingway) You shouldn't drink (Hemingway). жүктеу/скачать 0.67 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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