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INTRODUCTION
Nowadays one of the most important problems is a studying the impact of heavy metals on
the living organisms. Production of non-ferrous metals in a number of places creates hazardous
wastes to the environment. The industrial giant called ―Yujpolimetall‖ is located in Shymkent and
belongs to the private company. The wastes which are being produced in the area including indus-
trial dust, sulfuric anhydride, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sul-
fide, hydrocarbons have pollinated the Shymkent area for a long time. It has been noticed that the
main pollutants are heavy metals and their biologically active compounds. Their interactions be-
tween the components of body‘s cells or their properties can be observed and described, especially
if they interact with nucleic acids, enzymes and protein-forming amino acids. It causes the protein
denaturation which is playing significant role in regulating the process of metabolism in cells and
tissues, and is the function of enzymes (Grin, Li, 1998).Observing the plants it has been remarked
that they have an ability to accumulate heavy metals which in turn reduces of gibberillins and cyto-
kinine phytohormones activity. Decreasing of phyto hormones activity limits the development of
metistemas (Mikishevich, Kovalchuk, 2008).
In order to assess the level of pollination is enough to measure the total amount of sugar espe-
cially sucrose in plants. Therefore, it has been proved that the lack of phytohormones and sugars
causes a decrease of mitotic activity and impacts on the development of meristem cells. Particularly,
deficiency of these substances is one of the limiting factors of morphogenesis (Dobrovolsky, 2004;
Alekseeva-Popova, 1997).
It is necessary to identify and assess all active chemical elements and their compounds. For
living organisms the most
dangerous compounds are lead, cadmium, copper and zinc. Excessive
amount of lead in the body plant results in the negative effect on the normal physiological processes
inside such as the development of seeds and roots and the formation of root fibers. New plants suf-
fers from this influence more that the others (Zyrin, 1995). Lead insulates chloroplasts, oxygen in-
hibits the light.
At the same time, they are organic compounds, which can transform into biologi-
cally active components and be preserved for a long time Dovgaluk et al., 2001).
Even small amount of these chemicals in plants, animals and humans leads to a carcinogenic
effect. Almost all heavy metals are known as toxic substances. They can be kept in living organisms
and activated spontaneously (Dovzhenko, 2005).
The main aim of the researh is to assess the effect of heavy metal components on growing
processes of plants and their cytogenetic activity.
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