Сборник упражнений по всем разделам английской грамматики. Упражнения основаны на несложной лексике. Они содержат достаточно материала для запоминания основных грамматических форм и выработки навыков их применения



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Упражнение 114

Вставьте одно из следующих слов: some, the, a или оставьте пропуски незаполненными.

1. In ... bedroom of this flat there are twin beds, ... little bedside table between them, and ... chair. There are clothes thrown over ... chair. 2. Here is ... book that you left on my table yesterday. 3. ... men saw ... boat on ... river. 4. Can you give me ... match? 5. I get ... long letters from my mother, but only ... postcards from my brother. 6. The waitress put ... salad into each plate. 7. When did ... lesson begin? 8. Children must go to ... school. 9. Pass me ... piece of ... bread, please. 10. Do you like ... cu­cumbers? 11. We bought ... cucumbers at ... mar­ket. 12. We use ... pencils or ... pens when we write. 13. He was reading ... book when I came into ... room. 14. Give me ... water to drink, please. 15. At

what time will ... meeting begin? 16. Do you find ... English difficult? 17. I got ... letter from my brother yesterday. 18. I had ... bread and ... butter and ... egg for ... breakfast this morning.

Упражнение 115

Вставьте одно из следующих слов: some, any, no, the, а или оставьте пропуски незаполненными.

1. I'm afraid there's ... juice in ... fridge. Would you like ... lemonade? 2. My friends from Chicago can't speak ... foreign languages. 3. She bought ... new books yesterday. 4. Where are ... books which you brought from ... library yesterday? 5. Did you buy ... apples when you were at... shop? 6. We could not skate because there was ... snow on ... ice. 7. ... house must have ... windows. 8. Most people like ... music. 9. There was ... meat on Nick's plate and ... fish on Tom's. 10. We saw ... houses in the distance. 11. ... cats like ... milk. 12. They stopped in ... front of ... house where Tom lived. 13. I showed him ... way to ... station. 14. What is ... name of ... street in which you live? 15. I want to say ... words to your sister. 16. ... tea in this glass is cold. 17. ... sun was high in ... sky. 18. Oh, there are ... apples in ... vase: ... children have eaten all of them. Please put ... apples into ... vase. 19. Yesterday we had ... fish for dinner. 20. He gave me ... coffee. 21. I drank ... cup of ... coffee after ... dinner.



MUCH, MANY, (A) LITTLE, (A) FEW

_ much time (ед. ч.)

Много *=^Щ7

'—■— many books (мн. ч.)



Упражнение 116

Переведите на английский язык следующие пары слов.

Много тетрадей, много молока, много воды, много дней, много газет, много мела, много снега, много лет, много картин, много музыки, много мальчиков, много девочек, много чая, много ли­монов, много мяса, много комнат, много учителей, много работы, много воздуха, много птиц, много машин.



Упражнение 117

Вставьте much или many.

1. A don't eat ... mangoes. 2. Не eats ... fish. 3. She ate so ... dessert that she is in bed today with



Much, many, (a) little, (a) few 93

a stomachache. 4. That man drank so ... wine, and he smoked so ... cigarettes that he has a terrible headache today. 5. Mary must not eat too ... salt be­cause she has problems with her blood pressure. 6. My mother says I eat too ... French fries and drink too ... beer. She wants me to be healthy. 7. There is not too ... space in my flat. 8. There are ... new pic­tures in this room. 9. There are ... teachers at our school, and ... of them are women. 10. ... of these plays are quite new. 11. Thanks awfully for the books you sent me yesterday. — Don't mention it, it wasn't ... bother. 12. ... of her advice was useful. 13. He had ... pairs of socks. 14. Please don't put ... pepper on the meat. 15. There were ... plates on the table. 16. I never eat ... bread with soup. 17. Why did you eat so ... ice cream? 18. She wrote us ... let­ters from the country. 19. ... of these students don't like to look up words in the dictionary. 20. ... in this work was too difficult for me. 21. ... of their an­swers were excellent. 22. ... of their conversation was about the university.

_____—- little time (ед. ч.)

Мало -=d^T7

"——- few books (мн. ч.)

Упражнение 118

Переведите на английский язык следующие пары слов.

Мало домов, мало чая, мало чашек, мало яблок, мало окон, мало бумаги, мало кофе, мало статей, мало радости, мало супу, мало деревьев, мало тра­вы, мало детей, мало игрушек, мало света, мало парт, мало колбасы, мало сока, мало книг, мало цветов, мало соли, мало друзей, мало дворцов.



94 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Much, many, (a) little, (a) few

95



Упражнение 119

Вставьте little или few.

1. Не has got ... friends. 2. I drink ... coffee. I don't like it. 3. We must hurry. We've got very ... time. 4. There are very ... scholarships for students in this university. 5. The Smiths have ... money. They aren't rich. 6. The theatre was almost empty. There were very ... people there. 7. There was ... lem­onade in the bottle. There were ... peaches in the basket. 8. I have ... time, so I can't go with you. 9. He has ... English books. 10. There is ... juice in my glass. Have you got any juice? 11. There are ... bears in the zoo. 12. Tom Canty was the son of poor parents and had very ... clothes. 13. There is too ... soup in my plate. Give me some more, please.



  1. The children returned from the wood very sad because they had found very ... mushrooms.

  2. There was too ... light in the room, and I could not read. 16. There are very ... people who don't know that the Earth is round.

We have very ... time. 8. I am sorry to say, I have read very ... books by Walter Scott. 9. My brother is a young teacher. Every day he spends ... time pre­paring for his lessons. 10. I know very ... about this writer. It is the first book I am reading. 11. The pu­pils of our class ask ... questions at the lesson. They want to know everything. 12. You do not make ... mistakes in your spelling. Do you work hard at it? — Oh, yes, I do, I work very ....

Сравните:

плохо

1 have little time.

У меня мало времени.

хорошо

1 have a little time.

У меня есть немного времени.

плохо

1 have few books.

У меня мало книг.

хорошо

1 have a few books.

У меня есть несколько книг.


Упражнение 120

Вставьте much, many, little или few.

1. Robert wrote so ... letters that he's never go­ing to write a letter again. 2. She ate so ... ice cream that she's going to have a sore throat. 3. His father earned ... money, but he enjoyed his job. He loved teaching English very ... . 4. There are ... cookies in the box. I should have bought them last Monday. 5. Does your sister read ... ? — Yes, she does. And your brother? — Oh, he doesn't. He has so ... books, but he reads very ... . 6. Have you ... work to do today? — No, not very ... .7. Walk quicker, please.



Упражнение 121

Переведите на английский язык следующие пары слов.

Немного денег, мало денег, несколько стульев, мало стульев, несколько песен, мало песен, немно­го веселья, мало веселья, мало мальчиков, немно­го воды, несколько человек, мало воды, мало воз­духа, мало столов, несколько минут, несколько кошек, мало травы, немного удачи, несколько дней, мало работы, немного соли, несколько ло­жек, мало света, мало окон, несколько машин, немного сахару, мало яиц, мало сыра.



96 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Much, many, (a) little, (a) few

97


Упражнение 122

Вставьте a little, a few.

This is my mother's favorite recipe for fruitcake, and everybody says it's out of this world!



  1. Put 3 cups of flour into a mixing bowl.

  2. Add ... sugar.

  3. Slice ... apples.

  4. Cut up ... oranges.

  5. Pour in ... honey.

  6. Add ... baking soda.

  7. Chop up ... nuts.

  8. Add ... salt.

  9. Mix in ... raisins. 10. Bake for 45 minutes.

Enjoy, dear!

Упражнение 123

Вставьте little, a little, few или a few.

1. There is ... salad left in this bowl. 2. Would you like ... salad? — Yes, thank you. My doctor says it's good for my health. 3. I have ... money, so we can go to the cinema. 4. I have ... money, so we can­not go to the cinema. 5. This girl works very ... , that's why she knows nothing. 6. Mother gave us ... apples, and we were glad. 7. He did not like it at the camp: he had very ... friends there. 8. This lemon drink is sour; if you put ... sugar in it, it will be sweeter. 9. This lemon drink is sour; if you put ... lumps of sugar in it, it will be sweeter. 10. The hall was almost empty: there were very ... people in it. 11. I can't buy this expensive hat today: I have too ... money. 12. She left and returned in ... minutes. 13. I think you can spare me ... time now. 14. I am sorry I have seen ... plays by this author.



Упражнение 124

Вставьте much, many, little, few, a little или a few.

1. When we walked ... farther down the road, we met another group of students. 2. Have you got ... money on you? — I'm sorry. I have very ... money at the moment. 3. At the conference we met ... peo­ple whom we knew well. 4. There are very ... old houses left in our street. Most of them have already been pulled down. 5. If you have ... spare time, look through this book. You will find ... stories there which are rather interesting. 6. There are ... things here which I cannot understand. 7. Shall I bring ... more chalk? — No, thank you. There is ... chalk on the desk. I hope that will be enough for our lesson. 8. He had ... English books at home, so he had to go to the library for more books. 9. She gave him ... water to wash his hands and face. 10. I'd like to say ... words about my journey. 11. After the play ev­erybody felt ... tired. 12. Let's stay here ... longer: it is such a nice place. 13. There were ... new words in the text, and Peter spent ... time learning them. 14. There was ... hay in the barn, and the children could not play there. 15. My friend isn't going to the concert this evening because he has got ... work to do. 16. My mother knows German ... and she can help you with the translation of this letter. 17. He's got very ... time left. If he doesn't hurry up, he'll miss the plane.



4 Ю. Голицынский

Степени сравнения прилагательных 99

СТЕПЕНИ СРАВНЕНИЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ


Запомните особые случаи образования степеней сравнения:

Положительная степень

Сравнительная степень

Превосходная степень

old

elder older

the eldest the oldest

far

farther

the farthest

good

better

the best

bad

worse

the worst


Односложные

и двусложные прилагательные

Положительная степень

Сравнительная степень

Превосходная степень

small

smaller

the smallest

large

larger

the largesf

big

bigger

the biggesf

happy

happier

the happiest

Упражнение 126

Переведите на английский язык.

Старый, старше, самый старый, самый стар­ший, мой старший брат, мой старый друг, даль­ше, самый дальний, самый длинный, короче, счаст­ливый, счастливее, самый счастливый, самый луч­ший, самый черный, длиннее, хуже, лучше, теп­лее, ее лучший друг, ее младший сын, его стар­ший сын.




Упражнение 125

Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную сте­пень следующих прилагательных. Не забудьте упо­треблять определенный артикль перед превосходной степенью прилагательных.

Hot, long, short, clever, silly, great, red, black, white, thin, thick, fat, nice, warm, cold, merry, small, tall, high, weak, strong, heavy, light, green, dry, clean, dirty, wide, deep, brave.



Многосложные прилагательные

Положительная степень

Сравнительная степень

Превосходная степень

interesting beautiful

тоге interesting

more beautiful



the most ■ interesting

the most beautiful

100 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Степени сравнения прилагательных 101


Упражнение 127

Переведите следующие предложения на англий­ский язык.

1. а. Я знаю интересную историю.

б. Он знает более интересную историю.

в. Она знает самую интересную историю.

2. а. Это длинный путь.

б. Это более длинный путь.

в. Это самый длинный путь.

3. а. Ее работа очень важна.

б. Его работа важнее.

в. Моя работа самая важная.

4. а. Это плохая песня.

б. Это еще более плохая песня.

в. Это самая плохая песня.

5. а. Он хороший инженер.

б. Он более хороший инженер.

в. Он самый лучший инженер.

6. а. Он принес ей красивый цветок.

б. Он принес ей более красивый цветок.

в. Он принес ей самый красивый цветок.

7. а. Он рассказал нам о счастливом человеке.

б. Он рассказал нам о более счастливом чело­
веке.

в. Он рассказал нам о самом счастливом чело­


веке.

Упражнение 128

Переведите следующие предложения на англий­ский язык.

1, Я,думаю, что наш учитель английского язы­ка был очень терпелив. 2. Hani старый доктор был очень занят. Наш новый доктор даже более занят. 3. Моя учительница немецкого языка — самый

энергичный человек. 4. Мы знаем, твой сосед — очень скучный человек. 5. Я считаю, твой дедуш­ка — самый щедрый человек, которого я когда-либо встречал. 6. Часы Рональда точные, но часы его тети более точные. 7. Она купила часы в Швей­царии, потому что она считает, что швейцарские часы самые точные в мире. 8. Тот телевизионный фильм гораздо хуже, чем сегодняшний. 9. Какая самая смешная телевизионная программа? 10. Это были самые счастливые дни в ее жизни. 11. Это очень легкая задача. Дайте мне более трудную за­дачу. 12. Летом дни длинные, а ночи короткие. 13. 22 июня — самый длинный день. 14. В июле дни короче. 15. В декабре дни самые короткие. 16. „Четверка" — хорошая отметка, но „пятер­ка" лучше. 17. „Пятерка" — самая лучшая отмет­ка. 18. Самая плохая отметка — „двойка". 19. Твое платье, конечно, очень красивое, но мое платье красивее. 20. Мой папа — высокий мужчина. 21. Это более теплое пальто.

Упражнение 129

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му прилагательного.

1. — How do you like Smucker's Sweet Orange Marmalade, Mrs. Johnson? — I think it's (delicious). It's much (delicious) than the marmalade I usually buy. — We agree with you, Mrs. Johnson. We think Smucker's Sweet Orange Marmalade is (delicious) marmalade in the world. 2. The rivers in America are much (big) than those in England. 3. The island of Great Britain is (small) than Greenland. 4. What is the name of the (high) mountain in Asia? 5. The English Channel is (wide) than the Straits of Gibral­tar. 6 Russia is a very (large) country. 7. Which is



102 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

(large): the United States or Canada? 8. What is the "name of the (big) port in the United States? 9. Moscow is the (large) city in Russia. 10. The Lon­don underground is the (old) in the world. 11. There is a (great) number of cars and buses in the streets of Moscow than in any other city of Russia. 12. St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.

Запомните:

as ... as — такой же... как not so ... as — не такой... как not as ... as — не такой... как1



Упражнение 130

Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык.

1. English is as difficult as German. 2. My com­position is not as long as yours. 3. It isn't as warm today as it was yesterday. 4. The house his aunt lives in is as old as the one his uncle lives in. 5. His apart­ment isn't as elegant as her apartment, but it's much bigger. 6. Johnny isn't as rich as Don but he is younger and much happier. 7. My dog isn't as friend­ly as your dog. 8. You can eat as much as you like. 9. A football match isn't as exciting as a hockey match. 10. The hotel isn't as cheap as we expected. 11. His songs aren't as popular as the Beatles songs. 12. Her brother is as intelligent as his wife.



1 В современном английском языке употребляется not as ... as. См. Raymond Murphy "Essential Grammar In Use".

  1. A book for elementary students: Unit 88 — Rome is not as old as Athens.

  2. A book for intermediate students: Unit 106 — But he isn't iin rifh as Shirly.

Степени сравнения прилагательных 103

Упражнение 131

Вставьте as ... as или so ... as.

1. Mike is ... tall ... Pete. 2. Kate is not ... nice ... Ann. 3. My room is ... light ... this one. 4. This book is not ... thin ... that one. 5. Sergei is ... old ... Michael. 6. She is ... young ... Tom's brother. 7. This woman is ... good ... that one. 8. Nick's English is not ... good ... his friend's. 9. I am not ... tall ... Pete. 10. This woman is ... young ... that one. 11. I am ... thin ... you. 12. Kate is ... lazy ... her brother. 13. This child is not ... small ... that one.



Упражнение 132

Переведите следующие предложения на англий­ский язык.

1. Он не такой усталый, как она. 2. Упражне­ние 2 такое же трудное, как и упражнение 3. 3. Она думает, что бокс такой же опасный вид спорта, как и борьба. 4. Этот дом такой же высокий, как тот.



  1. Сегодня вода в реке не такая теплая, как вчера.

  2. Ты не такой умный, как папа. 7. Индия не та­кая большая, как Китай. 8. Темза такая же краси­вая, как Нева. 9. Его бабушка не такая старая, как дедушка. 10. Яблоки такие же вкусные, как сли­вы, но не такие вкусные, как груши. 11. Русский музей такой же богатый, как Эрмитаж? 12. Держа­вин не такой знаменитый, как Пушкин. 13. Днепр не такой длинный, как Волга. 14. В прошлом году август был такой же жаркий, как июль. 15. Он не такой старый, как я. 16. Она такая же щедрая, как ее бабушка. 17. Его машина такая же удоб­ная (комфортабельная), как твоя. 18. Экзамен был не таким трудным, как мы ожидали. 19. Он та­кой же сильный, как его брат. 20. Этот компью-

104 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Степени сравнения прилагательных 105


тер не такой дорогой, как я ожидал. 21. Ее сын такой же вежливый, как и она. 22. Эта работа такая же интересная, как и твоя.

Не забывайте употреблять союз than при сравнительной степени прилагательного:

• E.g. Tom is taller than Kate.

Том выше Кати.



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