Functional Phrase List Used for Conducting
Discussions, Debates, Giving Presentations
1. Starting a conversation/discussion
I see...
Well...
I say...
First...
First of all...
To begin with...
Look here ...
Talking (speaking) of, about...
Let me see (think)...
Just a minute (moment)...
That reminds me...
To come back to...
May I have my say? ...
In fact...
The fact is that...
On the one hand ..., on the other hand ...
And now for...
As far as I know...
2. Ending a conversation/discussion
To tell the truth ...
To sum up ...
Summarizing ...
Summing it up ...
On the whole ...
All in all...
In conclusion ...
Finally...
In the long run ...
In short...
To make (cut) a long story short ...
That's all (there is to it)...
For all I know ...
There it is ...
And so ...
So much for that...
Let's round off...
3. Expressing one's point of view
My own feeling is ...
I can quite (well easily) believe it (that)...
It's my opinion that...
In my opinion ...
I think (believe, suppose, maintain, feel, hope) that…
To my mind ...
Personally, I...
I dare say...
To tell the truth ...
If you ask me ...
Do you mean to say ...?
What do you mean (think) ...?
I mean to say ...
What do you think of...?
What matters is ...
I want to press the point...
In any case ...
More than that...
I must admit...
I'm afraid ...
I'm tempted to agree ...
4. Discussing a topic
I should like to know ...
Could you possibly...?
Please ...
Could I trouble you for...?
Any questions?
Have you got any questions for Mr. N?
I have (got) some (several) questions ...
Just one question on this point (paper) ...
As to the question of Mr. N...
I would like to ask you about (whether) ...
May I ask a question?
Will (would) you say a few words about...?
I wonder whether (if) ...
In reply to your question ...
I'd like to say that...
I have (got) a few (several) comments about (on)...
I should mention that...
I should emphasize that...
The problem (article, paper) under discussion ...
I'd like to add a few words to ...
I realize that...
Do you follow me?
Do you take my point? I can't make up my mind where I stand on this. I am convinced that...
That's the way I look at things.
5. Expressing agreement, approval
I agree that...
I (quite) agree with you ...
I think so too.
I suppose so ...
That's right...
Quite right...
You are right...
That's my opinion too ...
I think you are right...
A fine idea!
What a good idea!
Not a bad idea!
Good!
Wonderful!
Excellent!
Splendid!
Beyond all questions ...
Absolutely right (certain) ...
Exactly so ...
There's no doubt about it...
That's fine...
That's OK.
6. Expressing disagreement, doubt
I cannot agree (that)...
I don't agree that...
I don't quite agree (with you) ...
I doubt (it) ...
I don't think you are right...
I am afraid you are wrong (mistaken)...
It's a pity but (that)...
I am sorry but (that) ...
Nothing of the kind ...
I don't believe it possible ..
I don't believe that...
That's wrong ...
That may be true, but...
I am not sure ...
I see what you mean, but...
Surely not...
I find that hard to believe ...
7. Saying you do not know
Sorry, I don’t know...
I am very sorry, I really don’t know ,
I am afraid, I don’t know ...
I must confess, I don’t know ...
I've no idea ...
I haven’t a clue ...
I wish I knew.
8. Giving yourself time to think
Oh... Well... . Just... Now ... You see ... You know ...
Just a moment (minute) ... Let me see ...
It's on the tip of my tongue ... How can (shall) I put this?
9. Adding more information
I’d like to add ... To tell the truth ... In connection with ...
By the way... To continue ... To add ... As regards ...
Concerning ... As far as ... So far as you ...
10. Verifying the information
Do you mean to say that...?
Can you confirm the fact?
Is it true that...?
Am I right to understand that...?
Can you prove it?
Are you sure?
I don’t quite get the idea, I think ...
I am sure you didn't mean that...
I don’t quite follow what you mean to say ...
Sorry...?
Pardon...?
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
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Англо-русский словарь/Сост. В. К. Мюллер. – Екатеринбург. УюФактория, 2005.
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Березка, Г. И., Копачева, Н. А., Обучение английской деловой речи. – Мн.: МГПИИЯ, 1988. – 99 с.
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Беспалова Н.П., Котлярова К.Н. Перевод и реферирование общественно-политических текстов. Английский язык: Учеб. пособие. Изд. 4-е, перераб. и испр. – М. Изд-во РУДН, 2009. – 126 с.
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Кузьмина, Л. Г. Социокультурные аспекты развития иноязычной письменной речи в послевузовском образовании: Автореф. … дис. кандидата пед. наук. – М., 1998. – 21 с.
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Орлов, Г. А. Современная английская речь. – М.: Высш. школа, 1991. – С. 231 – 233.
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Типовая программа-минимум кандидатского экзамена по иностранному языку (английский). –ВАК Республики Беларусь, 2004.
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Успенская, Н. В., Михельсон, Т. Н. Как писать по-английски научные статьи, рецензии и рефераты. – СПб.: Спец. лит-ра, 1995. – 167 с.
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Успенская, Н.В. Михельсон, Т. Н. Сборник упражнений по основным разделам грамматики английского языка. – Ленинград, 1989. – 248 с.
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Academic Writing. Third Edition, Study Skills in English, Longman, 1999. – P. 138–139.
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Ashley, A. A Handbook of Commercial Correspondence. Oxford University Press. 1999. – P. 283.
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Briton, D. Insights. – New York, Pearson Education, 1997. – P. 123–124, 150-152.
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Evans, V. and Doolly, J. Mission: FCE 2 course book. – Express Publishing, 1998. – P. 100–102
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Evans, V. Successful Writing Proficiency. – Express Publishing, Newsbury, 1998. – P. 126–129.
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Forest, J. and Kinser, K. Higher Education in the United States. An Encyclopedia, Vol. 1–2. – Santa Barbara, California, USA, 2002. – P. 151, 287-292.
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Frank, M. Writing as Thinking. A Guided Process Approach. – New Jersey, USA, 1990. – P. 1–7.
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Harmer, J. How to Teach English. – Longman, 1998. – P. 121–122.
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Jordan, R. Academic Writing Course. – Nelson, Ltd, 1990. – P. 82–83.
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Legal Research and Methodology. – Longman, 1997. – P. 5–6.
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Maclin, A. Reference Guide to English. – Washington, D.C., 1994. –
405 p.
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McCarthy, M., O’Dell, F. Academic Vocabulary in Use. – Cambridge University Press, 2009. – 176 p.
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Postgraduate Directory. Arts and Humanities. The Official Guide. – Manchester, CSU Ltd, 2000. – P. 11–15.
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Povey, J., Walshe, I. An English Teacher’s Handbook. 2nd Revised Edition. – М.: Высш. школа, 1982. – 239 с.
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Sweeney, S. Test Your Business English. – Penguin Books, 1997. – P. 6.
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Williams, E. Presentations in English. MacMillan Publishers Limited, London, 2008. – P. 83–84.
CONTENTS
Предисловие……………………………………………………………………..…………3
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ 4
Настоящее пособие представляет собой курс английского языка для лиц, обучающихся в магистратуре и аспирантуре неязыкового вуза и готовящихся к сдаче кандидатского экзамена по иностранному языку в соответствии с требованиями ВАК Республики Беларусь. Учебный материал пособия рассчитан на 140 аудиторных часов и 280 часов самостоятельной работы. Подготовка пособия вызвана необходимостью обеспечения институтов системы последипломного образования профильными учебно-методическими материалами. 4
Пособие состоит из восьми разделов, каждый из которых имеет единую структуру и содержит тексты и информационный материал, связанный с научной работой аспиранта/соискателя. При подборе материала учитывались кросс-культурные особенности научной деятельности специалистов в нашей стране и за рубежом. В пособии имеются обзорные задания по основным разделам грамматики английского языка с рекомендациями по адекватному переводу грамматических явлений, наиболее часто встречающихся в языке науки, а также статьи по актуальным вопросам жизни современного мирового сообщества, проблематика которых отражает программные требования экзамена по иностранному языку в формате кандидатского минимума. В конце пособия для пользователя предлагаются приложения справочного характера (наиболее частотные сокращения, употребляемые в научной литературе, языковые клише, характерные для научного стиля, лингвострановедческая информация). Материал пособия ориентирован на усвоение и активное использование обучаемыми общенаучной лексики. 4
Целью пособия является развитие навыков чтения и перевода оригинальной литературы по теме исследования, создания вторичного научного текста (реферата, аннотации, тезисов), говорения на профессионально значимые темы, ведения научной дискуссии, письменной реализации коммуникативных намерений (заявка на участие в конференции, написание делового письма, заполнение анкет и т. п.). Также имеется электронная интерактивная версия пособия, доступная в системе Moodle, способствующая развитию навыков самостоятельной работы обучаемых. 4
Пособие предназначено для аспирантов, магистрантов и соискателей гуманитарных специальностей. Оно может быть использовано широким кругом лиц, занимающихся научной деятельностью, а также теми, кто самостоятельно готовится к сдаче кандидатского экзамена по английскому языку. 5
Авторы выражают признательность коллеге из Великобритании – эксперту в области преподавания иностранных языков госпоже Делвин Эрлис Вилкинсон, Уэльский университет (Mrs. Delwen Eirlys Wilkinson, University of Wales, Aberystwith) за ознакомление с рукописью пособия и сделанные ценные замечания. 5
SECTION I 7
SECTION III 45
Terrorism 55
Top al Qaeda operative killed in Somalia, officials say 55
SECTION IV 59
SECTION V 82
Turkey's ruling party decisively wins 3rd term in office 103
SECTION VI 106
SECTION VII 129
Science for Society 131
The problems the human society is facing today are numerous and diverse. They сan bе solved with greater success and no doubt in а shorter time if we manage to unite our efforts and promote cooperation worldwide. 133
Lebanese open homes to “Arab brothers” fleeing Syria 147
IV. Scan the article. Focus on the key ideas. 149
Human Rights And Refugees 149
SECTION VIII 151
SUPPLEMENT 169
List of Basic Affixes 177
Used for Word formation 177
prefix 177
meaning 177
examples 177
a- 177
without 177
amoral 177
ante- 177
before 177
antecedent, antedate 177
anti- 177
against, opposing 177
anti-establishment, anti-bacterial, anti-pollution 177
arch- 177
more extreme 177
arch-capitalist, arch-rebel 177
auto- 177
self 177
auto-dial, auto-rotate 177
bi- 177
two, twice 177
bilingual, bisect, bi-monthly 177
circum- 177
round 177
circumnavigate, circumvent 177
co- 177
with 177
co-author, co-edit 177
col-, com-, con- 177
with 177
collaborate, combine, connect 177
contra-, counter- 178
against, opposing 178
contra-revolutionary, contraception, counter-measure, counter-claim 178
de- 178
opposite action 178
decentralize, declassify 178
dia- 178
across 178
diagonal, diameter 178
dis- 178
opposite action or state 178
disagree, disprove, distrust, disbelief, disproportionate 178
dys- 178
abnormal 178
dyslexia, dysfunctional 178
e- 178
electronic 178
e-literate, e-book 178
eco- 178
relating to the environment 178
eco-tourism, eco-disaster 178
equi- 178
equal 178
equidistant, equilateral 178
ex- 178
previously 178
ex-president, ex-student 178
extra- 178
very 178
extra-bright, extra-strong 178
extra- 178
outside 178
extra-curricular, extra-sensory 178
hyper- 178
having too much 178
hyperactive, hypersensitive 178
-il, -im, -in, -ir- 178
not 178
illogical, impossible, indistinct, irrational 178
in- 178
movement to or towards the inside of something 178
input, inset, intake, import 178
inter- 178
between, connected 178
interrelated, interact 178
intra- 178
within 178
intra-generational, intramuscular 178
kilo- 178
thousand 178
kilogram, kilowatt 178
macro- 178
large in size or scope 178
macro-economics, macro-scale 178
mal- 178
badly 178
malfunction, malpractice 178
micro- 178
small in size or scope 178
micro-economics, micro-scale 178
mis- 178
wrongly 178
mistranslate, misunderstanding 178
mono- 178
one 178
mono-centric, monoculture 178
multi- 178
many 178
multicultural, multi-level 178
neo- 178
based on something older but in a new form 178
neo-classical, neo-conservative 178
non- 178
not 178
non-believer, non-competitive 178
out- 178
more, to a greater extent 178
outnumber, outlive 178
over- 178
too much 178
over-abundance, overload, overworked 178
post- 178
after 178
post-examination, post-modern 178
pre- 178
before 178
pre-industrial, pre-war 178
pro- 178
in favour of 178
pro-liberal, pro-feminist 178
pseudo- 178
false 178
pseudo-intellectual, pseudo-science 178
quasi- 178
almost, not quite 178
quasi-academic, quasi-legal 178
re- 178
again 178
rediscover, redefine, rename 178
retro- 178
backwards 178
retrogressive, retrospective 178
semi- 178
partly 178
semi-organic, semi-precious 178
sub- 178
under, lesser 178
sub-heading, sub-section 178
super- 178
above, bigger 178
superpower, supersonic 178
trans- 178
across 178
transcontinental, transcribe 178
ultra- 179
extreme 179
ultra-sensitive, ultrasound 179
un- 179
not 179
uncertain, unusual, unscrew, unplug 179
under- 179
insufficient 179
underemployed, undernourished 179
well- 179
useful, successful 179
well-designed, well-written, well-established 179
suffix 179
meaning 179
examples 179
-able 179
can be 179
identifiable, predictable 179
-ant 179
having an effect 179
coolant, accelerant 179
-based 179
forming major part of 179
computer-based, oil-based 179
-cy 179
state or quality 179
accuracy, literacy, urgency 179
-ee 179
person affected by something 179
interviewee, trainee, addressee 179
-free 179
without 179
debt-free, pain-free 179
-hood 179
state, condition, period 179
adulthood, motherhood 179
-ic 179
connected with 179
photographic, electric 179
-ics 179
study of 179
genetics, electronics 179
-ify 179
give something a quality 179
clarify, purify, solidify 179
-ism 179
belief, behaviour 179
modernism, heroism 179
-ist 179
person with specific beliefs or behaviour 179
anarchist, optimist 179
-ize, -ise 179
bring about a state or condition 179
modernize/modernize, colonize/colonise 179
-less 179
without 179
childless, meaningless 179
-like 179
resembling 179
bird-like, hook-like 179
-ness 179
quality or state 179
effectiveness, openness 179
-ocracy 179
type of ruling body 179
meritocracy, bureaucracy 179
-ocrat 179
person ruling 179
technocrat, aristocrat 179
-ology, 179
-ological 179
study of 179
biology, biological, geology, physiological 179
-proof 179
protected against, safe from 179
waterproof, dustproof 179
-ship 179
state or experience of having a specific position 179
professorship, leadership 179
List of Academic Vocabulary Used for Writing Abstracts,
Making Summaries and Preparing Reports. 179
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Учебное издание
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ENGLISH FOR POST-GRADUATES
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АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК ДЛЯ АСПИРАНТОВ
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Учебно-методическое пособие для аспирантов
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А в т о р ы – с о с т а в и т е л и:
Васючкова Ольга Ивановна
Голикова Жанна Анатольевна
Долгорукова Алла Ивановна
Коваленок Татьяна Васильевна
Хващевская Лариса Даниловна
Хведченя Людмила Владимировна
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на английском языке
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Под общей редакцией кандидата филологических наук, доцента О. И. Васючковой
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Ответственный за выпуск
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Подписано в печать __________. Формат60х84/16. Бумага офсетная.
Гарнитура Таймс. Усл. печ. л. ____. Уч.-изд. л. ____. Тираж 300 экз. Зак. 000.
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Белорусский государственный университет.
Лицензия на осуществление издательской деятельности
№ 02330/0056804 от 02.03.2004.
220050, Минск, пр. Независимости, 4.
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Отпечатано с оригинал-макета заказчика.
(Адрес исполнителя…)
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