II. Complete the sentences and translate them into Russian:
1) The area of study known as the history of mathematics is primarily an _______ (исследование) into the ______ (происхождение) of discoveries in mathematics and, to a lesser extent, an investigation into the mathematical methods and ______ (система обозначений) of the past.
2) Mathematics is the science of numbers and there are several different _________ (разделы) of mathematical science including algebra, geometry, and _______ (исчисление).
3) When humans began to trade goods, they needed a way to ______ (считать) the goods and to ________ (вычислять) the cost of those goods.
4) The Renaissance period witnessed ______(значительный) philosophical changes which meant the _______ (разрушение) of a powerful Greek tradition.
5) The __________ (подавляющее большинство) of mathematical journals now have online versions as well as print versions, and many online-only journals are launched.
UNIT 4. NOTATION, LANGUAGE AND RIGOR OF MATHEMATICS
Before you start
Read the key words:
daunting – пугающий, устрашающий
painstaking – трудоемкий, кропотливый
precise - точный
homeomorphism – гомеоморфизм, топологическое отобра-жение
integrable - интегрируемый; поддающийся интегриро-ванию
shorthand – стенографический
rigor – строгость
reasoning – рассуждение, логический ход мысли
fallible – ошибочный
inherent – свойственный
resurgence – возрождение, воскрешение
misconception – ошибочное представление, неправильное понимание
verify – проверить, подтвердить
set theory – теория множеств
cast – зд. представлять
Before you read
Express your opinion on the following statements:
1) Modern notation makes mathematics much easier for the professional, but beginners often find it daunting.
2) Mathematical language can be difficult to understand for beginners.
3) Mathematics requires more precision than everyday speech.
4) Mathematical rigor is aimed at avoiding mistaken "theorems", based on fallible intuitions.
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