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- GOING TO THE LIBRARY IN THE PAST
- Speaking Comprehension Test for 11 th Form Students
Jorvik - Lost Viking CapitalA thousand years ago York was one of the largest, richest and most famous cities in the whole of Britain. A monk at that time described it as packed with a huge population, rich merchandise, and traders "from all parts, especially Danes."7________It owed its prosperity to the hard work and commercial enterprise of Viking settlers from Scandinavia who had captured it in AD 866 and almost totally rebuilt it. Viking Jorvik has now completely disappeared. 8_________ In some parts of modern York, however, near the rivers Ouse and Foss, which run through the centre of the city, archaeologists have found that remains of Jorvik do still survive. They are buried deep below the streets and buildings of the 20th century city. Here the damp soils have preserved the timber buildings. 9 _________ All the debris and rubbish left by the people of Jorvik in and around their homes is still there, awaiting discovery. Between 1976 and 1981 archaeologists from the York Archaeological Trust excavated a part of this lost and all-but-forgotten city. The dig took place in Coppergate, before the city's new Coppergate Centre was built. 10__________ The remains were so well preserved - even down to boots and shoes, pins and needles, plants and insects - that every aspect of life at the time could be reconstructed. York Archaeological Trust decided to try to tell the story of Jorvik as it was a thousand years ago. To do so it built the Jorvik Viking Centre in the huge hole created by the dig. 11 __________ A further two were preserved just as the archaeological team discovered them, the ancient timbers set out as they were found in the late 1970s, deep below the new shopping centre, where they have lain for centuries. In the Jorvik Viking Centre people from the 20th century journey back in time to the 10th century. The journey is done in time-cars, which silently glide back through the years, past some of the thirty or so generations of York's people who have walked the pavements of Coppergate, until time stops, on a late October day in 948. 12__________The neighbourhood is full of the sights and sounds and smells of 10th century Jorvik. Townspeople are there, buying and selling, working and playing. A For a while, modern time-travellers explore Coppergate and a little alley, Lundgate, which runs off it. B Four rows of buildings were found, running back from Coppergate itself, almost exactly in the same positions as their modern successors. C Jorvik has become York's favourite tourist attraction. D Most of the city's buildings were made of wood, and have long since been demolished, or have burnt down or rotted away. E People in the 10th century called it Jorvik, and knew it as the capital of the North of England, and one of Europe's greatest trading ports. F Two of the rows of buildings were reconstructed as we think they were. G Whole streets of houses, shops, workshops and warehouses are to be found, often still standing shoulder high. TEXT 3 You are going to read an article about going to the library in the past. For questions 13-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. GOING TO THE LIBRARY IN THE PASTWhen I go into our local library, I often watch children looking at the shelves filled with a variety of brightly coloured books. They pick a book, glance through a few of the pages and then almost immediately reject it before beginning to look at another book. I smile to myself for when I was a child in the 1910s, we were never allowed anywhere near the books. They were kept in some remote corner of the building to which only the librarian had access. How, you may ask, did we manage to choose the book which we wanted to borrow? Well, immediately to the right of the entrance was a room which served two purposes: it was a reading room for the older members of the community and it contained catalogues in alphabetical order of the titles and authors of the books kept in the library. Using these, all one had to do was to write out a list of the books required. However, since most of us knew very few authors by name, and even fewer book titles, the whole process of borrowing a book was based upon guesses. There was no possibility of looking through the first few pages to help us form an opinion, no looking at illustrations to discover if a book might arouse our interest. Even now I recall almost with pain some of the selections my friends and I made. We learned with dismay that titles often gave little guidance as to what the book was about. If we could have returned the book the next day, our irritation would have been considerably reduced, but this was not possible. The librarian did not allow us to bring back any book until we had kept it for at least a week. Having written out your list, you presented it to the librarian. If you thought your troubles were finished, you were sadly mistaken. Your hands were inspected to make sure they were clean. More than once, one or other of us was sent out of the library and told to return when we had washed our hands. Once the librarian was satisfied that we were clean enough, she would disappear into another room and return with the first book on our list which was available. When a book was returned, she would make a thorough inspection of the pages to make sure that it had not been damaged in any way. At least that way we never got blamed for something we had not done. Although the librarian appeared very strict and frightening to a small boy, I owe her and the man who gave the library to the town an immense debt of gratitude. They led me into the land of story, romance and adventure, which in years to come brightened many a dull day. 13 According to the first paragraph, how is life different for children today from life for children in the 1910s? A They always get what they want. B They have a wider choice of books. C They are allowed to behave badly. D They spend more time reading books.
A there was no list of authors. B the illustrations did not interest them. C there were only a few book titles. D they could not see the books in advance.
A They had to write out a list. B They had to ask the librarian. C They had to look through the catalogues. D They had to order them.
A Nobody knew any of them. B They told us what books were about. C There were not very many of them. D They were not very helpful.
A You had to keep it until the following day. B You had to return it within a week. C You had to keep it for a week or more. D You had to return it by the following day.
A She looked at the children's hands. B She sent all the children away to wash their hands. C She washed the children's hands. D She asked the children if their hands were dirty. 19 Why does the author think that it was a good idea for the librarian to check the books carefully when they were returned? A She would be able to find out why you had damaged the book. B You would not be accused of damaging a book that was already damaged. C She would be able to find out if somebody else had damaged the book. D You would not be blamed if you had damaged a book.
A She helped open up the world of literature to him. B She told him wonderful stories. C She helped to cheer him up when he was older. D She made him feel like an adult.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Example: O A expressed B directed C indicated D guided
Work on the human brain has (0) …….. how different parts are centres of activity for different skills, feelings, perceptions and so on. It has also been shown that the left and right halves, or hemispheres, of the brain are (1) …….. for different functions. While language is processed in the left, or analytical hemisphere, music is processed in the right, or emotional hemisphere. (2) …….. of music like tone, pitch and melody are all probably processed in different parts of the brain. Some features of musical experience are processed not just in the auditory parts of the brain, but in the visual ones. We don’t yet fully understand the (3) …….. of this. The tempo of music seems to be (4) …….. related to its emotional impact, with fast music often (5) …….. as happier and slower music as sadder. It is the same with the major biological rhythm of the body: our heart (6) …….. quickens when we’re happy, but slows when we’re sad. Military music may have (7) …….. from attempts to get us ready for (8) …….. by using fast drumming to (9) …….. our hearts into beating faster. Music is perhaps one of the most complex experiences the brain (10) …….. with and it has become an absolutely (11) …….. part of our rituals and ceremonies. It has power beyond language to (12) …….. mood and co-ordinate our emotional states.
2 A Views B Aspects C Factors D Pieces 3 A expectations B implications C assumptions D propositions 4 A surely B plainly C evidently D directly 5 A felt B endured C encountered D touched 6 A pulse B speed C pace D rate 7 A evolved B extended C advanced D elevated 8 A battle B fight C quarrel D struggle 9 A activate B motivate C stimulate D animate 10 A manages B copes C bears D holds 11 A vital B important C compulsory D dominant 12 A notify B report C associate D communicate TEXT 5 For questions 28 – 37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers on the separate answer sheet. Example: 0 comparison An ancient tree In Totteridge, in north London, there is a yew tree estimated to be between 1,000 and 2,000 years old. This tree, however, is a mere youngster in0) …….. COMPARISON with others of the species. The record in the UK is held by a yew in Scotland that is thought to be between 4,000 and 5,000 years old. However, such trees are becoming (28) …….. rare and the Totteridge specimen was INCREASE considered of (29) …….. importance to be named in 1999 as one of the 41 SUFFICE ‘great trees’ in London. Like many yews, the Totteridge tree (30) …….. DOUBT predates the buildings around it and its exact age is unknown. The Totteridge tree needs little (31) …….. . Some of its outer branches hang MAINTAIN down so low that they have taken root. But this is part of the tree’s natural architecture and contributes to its (32) …….. in high winds. With the best of STABLE (33) …….. , ancient yew sites are often tidied up with no benefit to the tree. INTEND Dead branches are not (34) …….. shed by the tree and their wood harbours a READY multitude of insects, an inseparable part of the old tree’s natural (35) …….. DIVERSE Something of the tree’s history is lost with the (36) …….. of dead wood. After REMOVE all, the decaying, twisted and (37) …….. parts give the tree character. ATTRACT
In this Test you will select three task slips from those before you. After selecting three choose one you feel you are most capable to speak about and return the other two to the table face down. Then take about a minute to collect your thoughts before you begin to speak on the topic. You may refer to the topic as needed. 1. If you could meet with any important historical figure - living or dead - who would it be?
2. It has recently been announced that a new disco may be built in your neighborhood.
3. You have the opportunity to create your own island nation in the South Pacific Ocean.
4. You have just been appointed head of public relations for all of Ukraine. It is your job to encourage tourism in this country.
5. What do you believe to be the greatest problem in today's society?
6. You are about to be alone for ten years of your life, most likely on a desert island where you will only be able to work on your tan and not do much else.
7. You are campaigning for election to a major governmental office.
8. You can choose to have one supernatural ability or gift.
9. What is more important: fame and money or strong character and good values?
10. You are a famous director with enough money to make any film you want.
11. You are at a party with a foreigner who is expressing negative opinions about Ukraine. According to this person, his/her country is better.
12. In many parts of the world children are forced to become soldiers and fight in wars. You are on a UN committee reporting on this problem.
13. Your pen pal from the United States asks you how things have changed in Ukraine since independence.
14. You are going to start a new business. You have the money, you have the space, and you have the workers.
15. The people in your neighborhood are becoming increasingly worried about safety. Someone on your block has recently been robbed.
16. If you were asked to send one thing representing your country to an international exhibition, what would you choose?
17. A gift (such as a camera, a soccer ball, or an animal) can contribute to a child's development.
18. A person you know is planning to move to your town or city.
19. What stereotypes do you think that foreigners have about Ukraine?
20. Do you feel that history repeats itself?
Writing Test for 11th Form Students
Discuss and give your own opinion.
Discuss and give your own opinion.
However, others feel that the amount of stress people have today is exaggerated. They say that previous generations were under more pressure, but the idea of suffering from stress did not exist. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. жүктеу/скачать 1.19 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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