Down: 1. (n) The underside of the aircraft fuselage. 3. (n) An official examination of the facts of an aviation occurrence. 5. (v) To fracture, break down. 9. (v) To eva- luate something, to make a judgment about the quality of something. 12. (n) A thick rubber ring that fits around the edge of a landing gear wheel.
Ex. 2. Answer the questions.
What problems with landing gear may arise in flight?
Why is there a saying within the aviation community: "There are two types of pilots: those that have landed gear up and those that will"?
Why do you think gear-up incidents occur fairly often? What are the main reasons?
Is there any difference between the terms "gear-up landing" and "belly land- ing"?
What may their consequences be?
What damage may the a/c sustain?
What aerodrome emergency services are provided in case of belly landing?
How does a pilot get to know about his landing gear status?
What procedure can a pilot request in case he is unsure whether his landing gear is completely extended before landing? How is he supposed to inform ATC of the problem and what can he request?
What risks are involved in case of overheated brakes?
What may happen if a tire bursts explosively?
Have you had any problems with landing gear in your practice?
What would your decision be if you were unable to retract the landing gear after take-off?
Ex. 3. Compare your answers with the information below.
Malfunctions or human errors related to retractable landing gear have been the cause of numerous accidents and incidents throughout aviation history. The fol- lowing problems may occur in flight and on the ground:
Pilots may fail to lower the undercarriage on final approach, in which case a go-around is likely and a visual inspection may be required (a low pass over the runway or sighting from another aircraft can be used).
Pilots may be unable to retract the landing gear after take-off.
The aircraft may have reduced braking capability.
There could be a tire deflation or tire burst.
The undercarriage may collapse during rough landing, which usually re- sults in the loss of directional control of the aircraft.
The nose wheel steering may be jammed and inoperative.
Overheated brakes may cause a wheel well fire.
Unauthorized passengers may stowaway within the landing gear com- partment.
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