Методические указания и контрольные задания для студентов заочников
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Вариант 3I. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол- сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций. а) 1. Scientists have found ways of measuring the sizes and positions of bodies in the Universe. 2. The laboratory assistant was writing down all the data during the experiment. б) 1. The launching of Sputnik 1 was followed by many achievements in science and engineering. 2. Mendeleyev was appointed Rector when he was 35 years old. II. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 1. These reactions convert hydrogen into helium, giving off a great amount of light and heat. 2. Soils containing too much sand or clay are of less value in agriculture. 3. Plastics articles are often difficult to repair if broken. 4. The amount of heat generated depends on the quality of fuel used. III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 1. These new materials had to withstand much higher temperatures than metals. 2. Laser light can be used to transmit power of various types. 3. This equipment should be tested in various conditions. 4. The consequences of the pollution of the atmosphere by different products are to be carefully studied. IV. Прочитайте и устно переведите с1 по 3-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2 и 3-й абзацы. Пояснения к тексту: 1. Meitner - Майтнер 2. doctorate – докторская степень 3. then available – доступные в то время 4. illustrious – прославленный, известный 5. productive – плодотворный. Lise Meitner1 1. In 1938, an Australian physicist named Lise Meitner announced the splitting of the atom in the laboratory. That announcement confirmed once again the beginning of the Atomic Age. At that time Lise Meitner was one of the few persons in the world who had a thorough understanding of atomic energy and the uses which could be made of this great power. 2. Lise Meitner, the daughter of a lawyer, was born in Vienna on the 17th of November 1878. She grew interested in science when she read of the Curies discovery of radium. The example of Marie Curie showed that a woman was able to achieve something in science. Lise Meitner became the first woman in the history of the University of Vienna who earned her doctorate2 in physics. 3. In 1906 she went to the University of Berlin to continue her studies by attending the theoretical lectures of Max Planck and by doing experimental work. Then she began her research in the new field of radioactivity. She focused her attention on the behavior of beta radiation from radioactive elements, experimenting with the primitive methods then available3 for measuring and analyzing radioactivity. 4. In 1938 she left Germany for Sweden. Lise Meitner declined to work on the development of the atom bomb remaining in Sweden throughout the war. She was concerned with the properties of new radioactive isotopes, produced by the cyclotron. Her career was illustrious4 and productive5 (she published more than 135 scientific papers), but throughout her life she remained a shy person, with a deep interest in music. Her devotion to science had been total. She never married. In 1960 she moved to Cambridge, England, where she died in 1968.
Пояснения к тексту: 1. Raman - Раман 2. pre-eminent – выдающийся, превосходящий других 3. the Civil Service – государственная служба 4. to appoint to a position – назначить на должность 5. to testify to – свидетельствовать о 6. to occupy the chair – возглавлять кафедру, заведовать кафедрой 7. brought – зд. привлёк 8. to emerge – зд. проявить себя. Ch. Raman1(1888-1970) 1. Raman was an Indian Physicist, pre-eminent1 in molecular spectroscopy and acoustics. He created the Indian Academy of sciences in 1934 and was its president until his death in 1970. He was justly considered the father of Indian science and the Indian Government honored him with the first of its National Professorships. In 1957 he became an International Peace Prize Winner. 2. The son of a teacher and lecturer, Raman entered the College in Madras in 1903 and achieved the highest distinctions in the examinations for scientific degrees. As scientific research was at this time almost completely neglected in India, he then entered the CivilService3 and was appointed to a position in the Finance Department in 1907. He retained this employment for ten years, mostly in Calcutta. When he was eighteen years old he published his first original optical research in the “Philosophical Magazine”. He continued scientific work in his spare time: some thirty papers testified to5 his ability and energy and helped to make his name familiar to scientists in Europe and America. 3. In 1917 Raman was offered the professorship of physics at the Calcutta University. He occupied the chair6 from1917 to 1933. Raman brought7 to Calcutta many talented young Indians to undertake research into optical phenomena, acoustics and other branches of physics. 4. During the years in Calcutta Raman Emerged8 as a truly international figure. In 1930 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (for his work on the discovery of the effect named after him). Raman was honored by universities and scientific institutions in Russia, Europe and America as well as in his own country.
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