Тишакова Татьяна Станиславовна канд хим н., ассистент; Левашова Ольга Леонидовна канд фарм н., ассистент; Савельева Елена Валерьевна ассистент. В сборнике представлены тезисы
AUZRITE Ekpreet Kaur, group 6. Scientific adviser is Svetlana Nakonechnaya
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- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- OLIVINE
- AGATE
- ALBITE
- MOTHER OF PEARL
AUZRITEEkpreet Kaur, group 6. Scientific adviser is Svetlana NakonechnayaAzurite is one of the two basic copper (II) carbonate minerals, the other being bright green malachite. Simple copper carbonate (CuCO3) is not known to exist in nature. Azurite has the formula Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2, with the copper (II) cations linked to two different anions, carbonate and hydroxide. Small crystals of azurite can be produced by rapidly stirring a few drops of copper sulfate solution into a saturated solution of sodium carbonate and allowing the solution to stand overnight. Azurite crystals are monoclinic, and when large enough to be seen they appear as dark blue prismatic crystals. Azurite specimens are typically massive to nodular, and are often stalactitic in form. Specimens tend to lighten in color over time due to weathering of the specimen surface into malachite. Azurite is soft, with a Mohs hardness of only 3.5 to 4. The specific gravity of azurite is 3.77 to 3.89. Azurite is destroyed by heat, losing carbon dioxide and water to form black, powdery copper (II) oxide. Characteristic of a carbonate, specimens effervThe use of azurite and malachite as copper ore indicators led indirectly to the name of the element nickel in the English language. Nickeline, a principal ore of nickel that is also known as niccolite, weathers at the surface into a green mineral (annabergite) that resembles malachite. This resemblance resulted in occasional attempts to smelt nickeline in the belief that it was copper ore, but such attempts always ended in failure due to high smelting temperatures needed to reduce nickel. In Germany this deceptive mineral came to be known as kupfernickel, literally "copper demon". The Swedish alchemist Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (who had been trained by Georg Brandt, the discoverer of the nickel-like metal cobalt) realized that there was probably a new metal hiding within the kupfernickel ore, and in 1751 he succeeded in smelting kupfernickel to produce a previously unknown (except in certain meteorites) silvery white, iron-like metal. Logically, Cronstedt named his new metal after the nickel part of kupfernickel. An unintended later consequence of his choice is that both Canadian and American coins worth one-twentieth of a dollar are now named after a German term for "kobolds" – that is, they are called nickels.esce upon treatment with hydrochloric acid. OLIVINELovepreet Kaur Sodhi, group 6. Scientific adviser is Svetlana NakonechnayaPeridot is gem-quality olivine. Olivine is a silicate mineral with formula of (Mg, Fe)2SiO4. As Peridot is the magnesium-rich variety (for sterite) the formula approaches Mg2SiO4. The color of individual Peridot gems can vary from yellow – to olive – to brownish-green. It is found in lavas, in peridotitexenoliths of the mantle, which lavas carry to the surface & Pallasite Meteorites. It is sometimes mistaken for emeralds and other green gems.It is used as a flux for steel production, itis very popular in jewelry&it was powdered to cure asthma. AGATEPratibha Mukherjee, group 6. Scientific adviser is Svetlana NakonechnayaAgate is a cryptocrystalline variety of silica, chiefly chalcedony, characterized by its fineness of grain and brightness of color.It is available in many colors &it’s translucent to opaque. Its composition is SiO2. It is found in volcanic & metamorphic rocks. Agate is used in the art of hardstone carving. It has many health impacts like SILICOSIS, TUBERCULOSIS etc.Agates chiefly used to make ornaments&forleather burnishing tools. There are 6 types of Agate available: – Blue lace agate, Crazy lace agate, Dendritic agate, Fire agate, Laguna agate&Moss agate. ALBITERasanpreet Kaur, group 9. Scientific adviser is Evgenia GrabovetskayaThe name albite is from Latin albus, white in allusion to its color. It was first reported in 1815 in Finnbo, Sweden. The chemical formula of albite is NaAlSi3O8. It is common constituent in felsic rocks. Albite is of different colors white, grey or colorless, sometimes with a bluish, grayish, redish or greenish. The density of albite is 2.62 and hardness is 6.It is insoluble in acids. It is characterized by its hardness, white color; cleavage frequently curved lamellar structure, striations on the better cleavage surface etc. Its crystal structure is triclinic. It has vitreous luster that is nearly pearly on a cleavage planes. It is transparent to opaque. Albite is a widely distribute and important rock – making mineral. It occurs in all classes of rocks, but particularly in those of igneous origin, such as granite, syenites, porphyries arid felsites lavas. Some of the varieties of Albite include Pericline is a white semi – opaque variety occurring in somewhat large crystals, elongated along the b axis. Albite feldspar is an important in some building and ornamental stones, notably granites, some of the finest of which owe their beauty to feldspar crystals. Albite from the pegmatite veins of southeastern Pennsylvania and northeastern Maryland has been mined in the past for use in pottery manufacture. Albite has many metaphysical properties like it enhances clarity of thought and improves one’s ability to cooperate with others in a tactful manner. Albite is said to be helpful in treating eye disorders, circulatory restrictions and muscular ailments. Albite localities can be found but in limited areas. Some excellent examples have come from the Swiss Alps and the Tyrol, Austria, Pakistan and Afghanistan. MOTHER OF PEARLTejere Ejiroghene, group 10. Scientific adviser is Tatyana TishakovaIs considered by some to be a mineral because of the presence of calcium carbonate crystals within its structure, would be better considered a mineraloid because the crystals are bonded by an organic material, and there is no definite proportion of the components. Mother of pearl, is an organic-inorganic composite material produced by some molluscs as an inner shell layer; it is also what makes up the outer coating of pearls. It is strong, resilient, and iridescent. Nacre is found in some of the more ancient lineages of bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods. However, the inner layer in the great majority of mollusc shells is porcellaneous, not nacreous, and this usually results in a non-iridescent shine, or more rarely in non-nacreous iridescence such as flame structure as is found in conch pearls. The outer layer of pearls and the inside layer of pearl oyster and freshwater pearl mussel shells are made of nacre. Other mollusc families that have a nacreous inner shell layer include marine gastropods such as the Haliotidae, the Trochidae and the Turbinidae. Medical use: It is been used to treat heart palpitations and dizziness. It is used to treat increased blood pressure. In VIETNAM mother of pearl is ground up and ingested to improve vision and prevent cataract. It is used to stimulate intuition, sensitivity, creativity and imagination. It used to help victims of strokes and heart disease. Powdered pearls from oysters are used as a topical eye medicine (i.e., you put it right on your eyes!!), and it has been scientifically proven to have some anti-inflammatory effects on a painful condition called conjunctivitis, where the surface of the eye becomes red and sore. To pacify and clear heat in liver. pearl is not only completely compatible with our human bone, it can also stimulate new bone growth and make existing bone stronger. This makes pearl an ideal tooth filler, bone builder and bone substitute. Pearl powder is sprinkled into wounds in Chinese hospitals because its antiseptic action speeds healing. Its powder is used in surgeons gloves to keep their hands dry during surgery because it absorbs excess oil and moisture. It is used for skin healing purposes.(reduces blemishes, treats acne, sheds dead cells and replaces them etc.). Pearl is one way to get calcium and trace minerals when taken internally.
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