5 курс под редакцией В. Д. Аракина Москва, Владос, 1999 unit one text one the passionate year
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2. By "the big picture" Andrew means the main film on the programme (a film-show in Britain as a rule consists of the main film usually called "the main feature" and a so-called "support film" which usually precedes the main feature). 3. 'Cos: (coll.) because 4. A forthcoming attraction: a film to be released in the near future. 5. Young bloods: here society youths 6. Peter Pan: the main character of "Peter and Wendy", a book written by J.M. Barrie in 1911 and extremely popular in English-speaking countries. Peter Pan was a boy who never grew up and is a symbol of the sincerity and ingenuousness of childhood. 7. Och: interjection used in Scotland and Ireland for "oh, ah" ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY Vocabulary Notes 1. Dim a 1) not bright, clear or distinct, shadowy; as the dim light of a candle; the dim outline of buildings in a dark night; a dim memory of what happened in childhood, e.g. The hall was dim in the light of a single electric-light bulb which hung down in its centre. He had a dim recollection of the stranger flinging himself upon him. 2) (of the eyes and the eyesight) not seeing clearly, e.g. The old man's sight was getting dim. Her eyes were dim with tears. Dim vt/i become dim, make dim, e.g. The stars in the sky dimmed; it was getting cloudy. The light of a candle is dimmed by the sun. Dimly adv, e.g. He dimly saw figures near him. 2. Fold vt/i 1) bend or double one part of a thing over on itself, as to fold a letter, a newspaper, etc. 2) bend close to the body, as to fold one's arms. (i.e. cross them closely together across the chest); to fold one's hands [i.e. put them together with the fingers locking), e.g. The bird folded its wings, to fold one's arms and to fold one's hands are also used figuratively meaning to be idle. Ant. unfold vt/i 1) (of something that is folded) open, as to unfold a newspaper, e.g. Buds unfold in the summer. 2) reveal, disclose, as to unfold one's intentions Folding a able to be folded, as a folding screen, bed, chair, boat; a folding door (a door consisting of two parts) Fold n a part of smth. that is folded, as a dress hanging in loose folds. [74] Folder n a holder made of stiff paper or cardboard for loose papers -fold, suff. of a 1) two, three, etc. times as much or as many, e.g. He pushed with tenfold force. 2) combining two or more qualities that are different, e.g. The reasons for our going to town were threefold. Fold suff. of adv two, three, etc. times as much, e.g. The production of steel increased fourfold. 3. Flash vt/i 1) send or give out a sudden bright light; (of the eyes) become brilliant or sparkling, e.g. The lightning flashed across the sky. He smiled and his fine eyes flashed in his dark face. Syn. glitter, twinkle, flicker 2) come suddenly into the mind, e.g. The idea flashed into (through) his mind. 3) appear suddenly; move past at great speed, e.g. The express train flashed past. 4) send (light, etc.) suddenly and quickly, as to flash a light in a person's face; to flash a smile (a glance, etc.) at someone; to flash a signal (e.g. with a lamp), e.g. His eyes flashed fire. His eyes flashed back defiance. Flash n 1) a sudden burst of light or flame, as a flash of light, a flash of lightning 2) a short, sudden feeling or an outburst of mental brilliance, as a flash of hope (merriment, wit, inspiration, etc.) 3) a moment; an instant, as in a flash Flash-light n 1) a light that flashes (e.g. as in a lighthouse) 2) a small electric light or torch. Flashback n (cinemat.) recapitulation of an earlier scene, e.g. His character emerges through a set of flashbacks that show him as a boy and then as a young man. Flashy a brilliant or smart on the surface but really poor or worthless, as flashy jewelry, clothes, etc. Word Discrimination: to flash, to glitter, to twinkle, to flicker. Flash implies a sudden outburst of light or a sudden display of something that brilliantly reflects light. Glitter refers to an unsteady emission of light caused by the reflection on transparent or bright bodies, thus a diamond glitters by the reflection of the light on it. A person's eyes may be said to glitter with fever, wickedness, greed, cunning, etc. Twinkle suggests soft, faint and intermittent flashing, as the twinkling of the stars. A person's eyes may be said to twinkle with amusement. Flicker suggests a light moving with an unsteady and swift motion, swaying because of a sudden disturbance in the air, as the flicker of a candle. 4. Squeeze vt/i 1) press hard, as to squeeze a person's hand 2) press in order to get the liquid out; get out by pressing, as to squeeze [75] a lemon dry 3) pack tightly, e.g. He squeezed a lot of things into his suitcase. 4) press, push or force (one's way), as to squeeze (one's way) through a crowd, past somebody, e.g. Can I squeeze in? Squeeze n the state of being close together as in a crowd, e.g. We all got in, but it was a (tight) squeeze, a close (narrow, tight) squeeze a difficult or dangerous position 5. Obscure a 1) not easily seen; not clear or distinct; dark or dim; as an obscure view 2) difficult to understand; not clear to the mind, as an obscure poem 3) not well known, as an obscure village. Syn. dim, vague. obscurely adv, e.g. She realized obscurely that he had told her the story to annoy her. obscurity n the state or quality of being obscure, e.g. He is content to live in obscurity. obscure vt darken; hide from view, e.g. The moon was obscured by the clouds. Word Discrimination: dim, obscure, vague. Dim expresses a degree of darkness, it suggests just so much darkness that the things before one cannot be seen clearly. Obscure is now more often used in its figurative sense (denoting something the true meaning of which is not understandable) than in its literal sense, but it is still employed when there is a suggestion of darkening by covering, concealment, overshadowing, e.g. The strange object looked obscure through the deep water. Vague in its physical application denotes smth. which is lacking in distinct outlines, as the vague shape of a building or a tree in the distance. Vague in its non-physical sense means knowledge, an idea, statement, answer, feeling, etc. lacking in clear definition either because it is too general or because it is not formulated clearly enough, e.g. He had got used to connecting her with a vague sense of the future. We may have only a dim recollection of the appearance of a house, and only a vague idea of the district in which it is situated. A writer's ideas may be so vague as to tend to become obscure to most of the readers. 6. Risk vt 1) expose to the possibility of injury, loss, etc., as to risk one's neck (head, life), health, fortune, etc. 2) take the chances of, be in danger of; be willing to accept the result of (+ noun or gerund), as to risk failure, to risk being caught Risk n possibility or likelihood of meeting danger or injury, suffering, loss, etc.; an instance of this, e.g. There is no risk of your catching cold if you wear warm clothes, run risks, a risk, the risk (often of + gerund) expose oneself or be exposed to bad consequences, loss, etc., e.g. He didn't realize that he was running the risk of being captured by the enemy. If she fails one more exam, she ruris the risk of being expelled, take risks, a risk, the risk of deliberately expose oneself to danger, etc., e.g. He was a man who had made decision and taken risks, at one's own risk accepting responsibility, e.g. Remember, if you join the expedition, you do it at your own risk. Risky a containing risk, dangerous, e.g. It was risky for the boys to go straight into the swamp. Note. Bear it in mind that unlike the Russian verb «рисковать» the verb to risk is never used without an object. Thus, when speaking of a definite situation, as «Было трудно, но я решил рискнуть» we shall say either "I decided to risk it" or "I decided to take the risk". In a more general situation as «Я люблю рисковать» we shall say "I like taking risks". 7. Tempt vt 1) persuade to do smth. wrong, e.g. No matter what you promise the boy, you'll hardly tempt him to betray his friends. 2) attract so as to make smb. do smth., e.g. It was no use offering him the book: nothing would tempt him to read poetry. Temptation n (both in good and bad senses), e.g. Clever advertisements are temptations to spend money. The sight of the purse on the table was a strong temptation to the thief. He could hardly resist the temptation of going there again. Tempting a attractive, as a tempting offer, a tempting apple, etc. 8. Fancy vt 1) imagine, suppose, e.g. Can you fancy me as a teacher? 2) be under the impression that; be inclined to suppose (though not feeling certain), e.g. He fancied (that) he heard footsteps behind him. 3) like (+ noun or gerund), e.g. I don't fancy going there. 4) believe without sufficient reason, e.g. He fancies that he can succeed without working hard. 5) expressing surprise (in exclamatory sentences), e.g. Fancy doing that! Fancy her saying such a thing! Just fancy! Fancy that, now! Fancy n 1) the power of calling up things to the mind, e.g. He has a lively fancy. 2) smth. imagined, e.g. I have a fancy (a vague idea) that he will arrive late. 3) a liking; take a fancy to (a person or thing) become fond of, e.g. The child took quite a fancy to her. take (catch) a person's fancy please or attract him, e.g. The new comedy took the fancy of the public. [77] 9. Turn n 1) the act of turning; a turning movement, as a few turns of the handle; a turn to the right; done to a turn (of food) cooked just enough, neither underdone nor overdone 2) a change in condition, e.g. The weather took a turn for the better (worse). 3) a time, occasion or opportunity for doing something, esp. something done by a number of people one after the other, e.g. It's your turn to read now. in turn one after another; out of turn not in the usual order; before or after the time appointed or usual, e.g. You mustn't speak out of (your) turn. There was a long queue at the box-office but he cut out of turn, take turns work alternatively, e.g. We shall take turns at looking after the child, 4) an action regarded as affecting someone, e.g. He once did me a good (bad) turn (i.e. a service, disservice). One good turn deserves another [i.e. if you help me I should help you in return). 5) a tendency or disposition; a cast of mind; an aptitude, e.g. He is of a mechanical turn (i.e. interested in, clever at using machinery). He has a gloomy turn of mind. 6) (coll.) a shock; an unpleasant surprise, e.g. The news gave me quite a turn. 10. Dissolve [di'zolv] vt/i 1) change or cause to change from a solid to a liquid state (cf. melt which implies the use of heat), e.g. Sugar dissolves in water. Dissolve the salt in water. Note: The mixture that results from such a process is called solution (as a solution of salt and water). 2) break up, put an end to, as to dissolve a marriage, a business partnership, parliament (before a general election) 3) fade away; vanish gradually from sight, e.g. The view dissolved in mist. Dissoluble [di'snljubl] a that maybe dissolved, e.g. The Catholic Church says that no marriage is dissoluble. Ant. indissoluble. Dissolution n breaking up or separating, as the dissolution of marriage (of a partnership) 11. Smash vt/i (often with 'up') 1) break something to pieces with noise, e.g. The boy smashed a window with a stone. 2) be broken to pieces, e.g. The dishes smashed as the tray upset. 3) defeat utterly as to smash an enemy's attack 4) rush violently into, e.g. The car smashed into a wall. Smash n 1) the act and noise of something breaking to pieces, e.g. We heard a smash as the other motor-car hit ours. 2) crushing defeat, disaster, destruction, e.g. A big bank failed and many businesses were ruined in the smash that followed. 12. Fake (often with 'up') vt to make up, to seem right or true, e.g. The whole story had been faked up. Syn. forge. [78] Word Discrimination: fake, forge. Fake differs from forge in not necessarily implying a criminal purpose, e.g. He faked a story to amuse his friends. But He faked an old manuscript to sell it for a large sum of money. Forge always implies a criminal purpose (to forge a cheque, a signature, a banknote, etc.). Forgery n, forger n Fake n 1) a worthless thing that is represented as being smth. it is not; may be used attributively, as a fake picture 2) a person that represents himself as someone he is not. Syn. fraud. Fake differs from fraud in not necessarily implying dishonesty, for a fake maybe a joke, or a theatrical device (e.g. Actors use fakes instead of real swords), or it may be dishonesty (e.g. This testimony is clearly a fake). Fraud always refers to wilful deception and dishonesty (e.g. He got money by fraud) or to a person who cheats or a thing that deceives (e.g. This hair-restorer is a fraud, I'm as bald as ever I was!). Word Combinations and Phrases (Be) hung with portraits (pictures, photos, etc.) Sink into stillness (silence) To be (un)accustomed to smth. (to doing smth., to do smth.) To be too funny for words (coll.) To be cut short (Be) moved by pity To put up with smth. To have command of smth. (a feeling, a reply, a subject, etc.)
'tea-spoon, 'bull's-eye, 'dress .circle, 'background, 'pot-plants, 'stage,apron, 'rapid-'fire, 'heart-.searing, 'heart-throbs, 'thrill-'thirsty, 'heart-string(s), 'water-butt, 'mix-'up, 'hard-'worked, a 'hard-worked 'dog, 'black 'eye 4. Read the following word combinations paying attention to the phonetic phenomena of connected speech (assimilation, linking "r", lateral and nasal plosions, loss of plosion): a short marble staircase; in the dim region; here and there; you're a swell kid; a murmur in the audience; stood back to let them squeeze; surveyed the dim amphitheater; in the hope of; some of their acquaintances; in the dress circle; she noted that the cinema; on the white background; it isn't the big picture; no further inquiries; a shower of small stars; filled the whole screen; sent thrills down the spine; packed with heart-throbs; in this tale of thrill-thirsty young bloods; in the mightiest drama; then the eggs tumbled; he squeezed that yolk; and then the lean chap 5. Read the following sentences out loud; beginning with "Back in this dim region of luxury...", "Out of a door marked "Circle"..." and "Down swung a looped curtain...". Beat the time and observe all phonetic phenomena of connected speech. Use proper intonation patterns. 6. Study the following proverbs, a) Translate them into Russian or supply their Russian equivalents, b) Practise their reading paying attention to the sound [ai] and the intonation; beat the time: 1. Beauty lies in lover's eyes. 2. A stitch in time saves nine. 3. Once bitten, twice shy. 4. Let bygones be bygones. 5. Out of sight, out of mind. 6. Velvet paws hide velvet claws. 7. Salt water and absence wash away love. 8. Time and tide wait for no man. 9. Idleness rusts the mind. 7. Read the text and consider its following aspects. a) Comment upon the choice of words: in this dim region of luxury (why not "dark" ?); a trim girl... silently emerged, glanced at the tickets, and admitted them (why not "silently appeared, looked at the tickets, and let them in"); several faces glared at them (why not "looked"?). b) Point out formal (learned) words and colloquialisms in the first three paragraphs. Explain how their use is motivated by the nature of the context in which they occur. c) Explain: treading without sound on a rich carpet... that yielded like springing turf; a hot darkness... speared diagonally by a shaft of white light; in this dim region of luxury, quite still except for the soft whirring of fans; a draped girl swam into view; the curtain rattled back; it was a rapid-fire drama; it was a heart-searing tale; supercharged automobiles; it was... packed with heart-throbs, tingling with reality, vibrant with love and hate; thrill-thirsty young bloods; what a mix-up; perhaps they faked some of it; talk about Peter Pan; the retort shaped itself and was uttered before she had command of it d) Select from the first three paragraphs sentences through which the author, by implication, introduces the reader into the relations between Rosa and Andrew. What can be deduced about their relations? e) Make a thorough stylistic analysis of the extract describing the advertisement film. Which elements strike you as particularly effective and why? Exemplify the author's use of vivid stylistic devices. Comment on the syntax of the extract. How is the description arranged from the point of view of tempo? What is the author's attitude to the described film? (Prove your point.) f) Comment on Andrew's words "Not much good, I expect" in relation to the preceding paragraph. What change in the atmosphere is created by the words? g) Make a thorough stylistic analysis of the description of the "big" picture. Compare it with the description of the advertisement film. What is the difference in the treatment and style? h) Point out passages given in non-personal direct speech. What is the effect achieved? 8. Copy out from Text Three the sentences containing the word combinations and phrases given above and translate them into Russian. 9. Paraphrase the following sentences using the word combinations and phrases: 1. His words were interrupted by a strange noise coming from the next room. 2. She knows French pretty well. 3. Coloured photos hung on the walls. 4. We found the film indescribably funny. 5. I resent this state of things and am going to put an end to it. 6. They were used to seeing a lot of him. 7. The noise in the room ceased. 8. She was sorry for Tom and decided to help him. 10. Compose two dialogues using the word combinations and phrases. Mind the intonation patterns in the stimuli and responses to convey proper attitudes. 11. Translate the following sentences into English using the word combinations and phrases: 1. До чего смешной рассказ, правда? — К сожалению, я не разделяю твоего мнения. 2. Ваш сын в совершенстве владеет немецким языком. — Мне приятно это слышать. 3. Фасад театра был увешан афишами. 4. Оратора прервали, и следующего оратора тоже никто не захотел слушать. 5. Я больше не намерен мириться с этим! 5. Он не привык к этому климату, не мог приспособиться к нестерпимому зною. 7. Он кончил говорить, и в зале воцарилась тишина. 8. Движимый жалостью, он взял ребенка на руки и стал ему что-то рассказывать в надежде успокоить его. 12. Answer the following questions: 1. What was the salon like? 2. In what part of the hall did Andrew and Rosa have seats and how did they reach them? 3. What did Andrew promise himself? 4. Describe in detail the way the film "Mothers of Broadway" was advertized. 5. Describe "the big picture" and the impression it made on Andrew and on Rosa. Which of them do you think was right? Motivate your opinion. 6. What did Rosa think of Andrew? 7. How did Andrew react to Rosa not liking the film? 8. Why did Rosa fail to reply with gentleness? 13. Study the vocabulary notes and translate the examples into Russian. 14. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words and word combinations in italics: A. 1. The room had changed as if something sinister had been removed from it; something which dimmed the lights, something which threatened him. 2. The centre of the lake was glittering, but along the edge the green banks could be seen reflected and the blue sky, the colours clear yet strangely altered into the colours of a dimmer and more obscure world. 3. The folds around his mouth seemed to express eternal disgust. 4. The author unfolded all the historic events of which his hero could have been a witness. 5. The instant flashed and was gone. 6. Ever so carefully he placed his hands on the table, fingers interlaced, an artificial diamond flashing on his little finger. 7. Bending forward, [82] Ernest turned round and flashed his spectacles at Bob who was studying the programme. 8. The pitch darkness squeezed Bart from all sides. "You promised...," whispered Charley, giving him a slight squeeze on the elbow. 9. "Well, in eight hours or so we shall be there," he said, squeezing shut the lid of his watch. 10. The measures taken to ease the money squeeze in the USA have not been successful so far. 11. The lorry would have been better for the trip, as the load would have a tight squeeze in the small car. 12. She looked at the stage with a furrow between her brows, seeing nothing, her hands squeezed together in her lap. 13. An old lady who has for some obscure reason begged me not to divulge her name, happened to show me the diary she had kept in the past. 14. He was a noisy robust little man with a gleam of real talent concealed in the obscurity of his verse. 15. The curtains were drawn back and the window-pane behind her displayed a huge frost picture which obscured the dim morning light, so that it was quite dark in the room. 16. The learning we received only tended to obscure our vision. 17. The children took the risk of getting into old Mr. Radley's garden. 18. By concealing the truth you are running a serious risk of being suspected. 19. He took off his gasmask, sniffed and decided to risk leaving the mask off. B. 1. The boat had the tempting look that small rowing boats have, but Dora resisted the temptation to get into it and glide upon the glittering lake. 2. His sister ran away from home with an actor who happened to be playing in Kansas City and who took a passing fancy to her. 3. The old quartet has broken up but sometimes they come together again for TV, records, concerts and anything that takes their fancy. 4. The turn of the conversation had upset Mark; he did not like to hear Pete talking like this. 5. She said she would leave him for a while and earn her own living. When things took a turn for the better she would join him again. 6. He is an old chum of mine, and feels my pulse, and looks at my tongue, and talks about the weather, all for nothing, when I fancy I'm ill; so I thought I would do him a good turn by going to him now. 7. Haven't you a turn for something? What about literature, art and so forth? 8. What was she afraid of here which made her dream vaguely of an escape, rescue, a shock which would dissolve barriers? 9. The president called for the student union to be dissolved. 10. Though scrupulously clean, the room appeared dusty, as if the walls were dissolving into powder. 11. There was trouble here at the time of the dissolution of the monasteries and that bridge was destroyed. 12. Girls of her type do not smash a man's life, they build it. 13. He smashed the ball into the net through the goalkeeper's upflung hands. 14. Most of the wall and the towers of the city are faked, but the restoration is wonderful. 15. The innocence of their converse had been a fake. 16. This play and other Shakespearean discoveries were soon revealed to be fakes. 17. A town councilor was charged with forging votes in his favour. 18. A wealthy banker, a man respected by all, he was arrested one day on a charge of fraud. жүктеу/скачать 446 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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