5 курс под редакцией В. Д. Аракина Москва, Владос, 1999 unit one text one the passionate year
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Word Combinations and Phrases To be as hard as nails To have (very much) a mind to do smth. To fall out of love To keep one's own counsel To be apt to do smth. To want finding (washing, a good beating, etc.) To take to one's bed to be one's first consideration EXERCISES 1. a) Listen to the recording of Text Two and mark the stresses and tunes, b) Repeat the text in the intervals after the model. 2. Consult a dictionary, transcribe the following words and practise their pronunciation: inevitable, menacingly, necessity, quay, extricate, experience, dispossess, prudence, pathos, hazard, apparently, persuade, callous, dreadfully, scheming, angel, cheque, pathetic, jewel, acutely, solemn, oath, quandary, release, assess, immoderately, gesture, restaurant, sympathetic, chamber, agent, basement, attic, tiring, patience, perseverance, innumerable, reconsider, endurance, revolt, content, assiduous, messenger, herewith 3. Read the following word combinations paying attention to different types of assimilation and the linking "r": and the necessity for immediate action; round the world; at the selfsame port; that dispossessed Roger of his common sense; on the point of filling with tears; between the hazards of life and this helpless little thing; she twice trumped my best card; his eyes were opened; he swore a solemn oath; in her appealing way; people are apt to think; in the basement; made the house unsuitable; they climbed thousands of stairs; but it did not affect the gentleness of his reply; we'll be married the very moment we find a house 4. Read the following sentences: beginning with "I have always been convinced...", "Not always that..." and "Mrs. Barlow, for she was twice a widow..,.". Divide them into intonation groups; read them using proper intonation patterns and beating the time; mind strong and weak forms of form words and al! the phonetic phenomena of connected speech. 5. Read the following extracts: from "When Roger told me,..." up to "...as hard as nails", from "If you don't find a house soon,..." up to "...sixty houses on them", and from "Mrs. Barlow had the patience of an angel..." up to "...Ruth Barlow took to her bed" paying attention to the intonation of the stimuli and responses in the dialogues. Convey proper attitudes by using adequate intonation patterns. 6. Read the text and consider its following aspects: a) What is the relation of the opening passage of the story (ending "... from whom he had fled") to the main plot? Comment on the syntax of the second sentence ("Not always that;..."); justify its length. b) What would be lost if the sentence "but Ruth Barlow had a 'gift' (or should I call it a 'quality'?! That renders most men defenseless" were written "but Ruth Barlow had a 'quality' that renders most men defenseless..."? What does the device of contrasting 'quality' to 'gift' aim at? c) Select from the first paragraph words and phrases characterizing Ruth Barlow. What is the attitude implied? What method of characterization is used here? Point out clichés. Why does the author use them? How do they colour Roger's attachment to Ruth? d) Analyze the rhythm in the sentence beginning "If she married a husband..." and the effect achieved. Indicate the stylistic devices in "She never had a little lamb but it was sure to die". e) What method (or methods) of characterization is used in the fragment beginning "I couldn't say less...", ending "...when next we met"? Is this description of Ruth in full accord with the one given in the first paragraph? If not, what is the reason? Explain "as hard as nails". f) Exemplify the author's use of vivid epithets in the character of Ruth Barlow. Which features of hers do they accentuate? g) Point out instances of irony. (Is it irony or humour? Prove your point.) h) What is the purpose of the parenthesis in "...she would (in her appealing way) assess her wounded feelings..."? i) Comment on the sentence structure in "Sometimes they were too large...". What is the effect achieved? j) Exemplify the use of metaphors, similes and repetition. Comment on their effect. k) Indicate the variety of the sentences and the rhythmic effects achieved. 1) Point out the climax of the story. Comment on the methods used for heightening the tension in the passages leading to the climax. 7. Copy out from Text Two the sentences containing the word combinations and phrases given above and translate them into Russian. 8. Paraphrase the following sentences using the word combinations and phrases: 1. Conflict almost tore her apart. She was not sure whether she should have the heart to talk with them or keep her plans secret. 2. Before she has a special check on her heart and general condition we must take care of her. We should think about her health in the first place. 3. He had drive and energy... Besides, he could be pitiless, so Johnson thought he was the right man to run his business. 4.1 doubt if my opinion will have enough weight. As a rule youngsters disregard the advice of adults. 5. She could hardly hold her temper in check. She wished to say very unladylike things to him. 6. For some reasons of his own he held back some information and kept his plans secret. 7. Your dress is stained. It needs to be cleaned. 9. Write sentences of your own using the given list of word combinations and phrases (3 sentences on each item). 10. Compose short situations in dialogue form using the word combinations and phrases. Pay attention to the intonation of the stimuli and responses. 11. Translate the following sentences into English using the word combinations and phrases: 1. Она обратилась к врачу, но ей не стало лучше, и она слегла. 2. Его новый метод, вероятно, будет иметь успех. 3. Большинство взрослых склонно изучать иностранный язык по учебникам. 4. Я прежде всего забочусь о твоем благополучии. 5. Он был скромным человеком и молчал о своих делах. 6. Я прошу вас держать наш разговор в секрете. 7. Я склонна думать, что работа для него самое главное. 8. Твое платье необходимо погладить. Оно выглядит неопрятно. 9. За такие проказы его нужно хорошенько наказать. 10. Я очень хочу посетить ее урок, Говорят, что она очень интересно объясняет материал. 11. Тебе не мешало бы постричься, уж очень неряшливый у тебя вид. 12. У него было сильное желание повидаться с семьей, но прежде всего он думал об эксперименте и его исходе. 13. Людям свойственно забывать свое горе. 14. Он производил на всех впечатление мягкого и доброго человека, но на самом деле был черств и сух и умел добиться своего любыми средствами. 15. Человека, который бы умел держать язык за зубами, не так-то легко найти. 16. Я очень хочу побывать этим летом в своем родном городе. 12. Answer the following questions: 1. What kind of woman was Ruth Barlow? Was she really in love with Roger? Why did she make up her mind to marry him? 2. Was Roger in love with Ruth? Was it a serious and a profound feeling? 3. What kind of man was Roger? How do his flat-chase tactics characterize him? How should he have behaved? 4. Whose side do you take in the conflict: Ruth's or Roger's? 5. Isn't there anything to be said in Ruth's defence? 6. What is the social significance of the story? 13. Study the vocabulary notes and translate the examples into Russian. 14. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the words and word combinations in italics: A. 1. "There are certain hazards in looking too attractive in the classroom," Bester said. 2. When he saw the lovely Sofie, the youth could not help admitting that the captive possessed a treasure which would fully reward his toil and hazard. 3. Travel on the thoroughfares of Manila was not without its hazards. 4. The hazards of radioactive waste are receiving as much attention as the hazards of radioactive fallout. 5. He had endeavoured to persuade his father to permit him to accompany me, but in vain. 6. Mrs. Brooke foresaw that the task of persuading Rosa to this marriage would be the fiercest and most important of all the engagements they had taken part in. 7. We could not tear ourselves away from each other, nor persuade ourselves to say the word "Farewell". 8. My persuasions have restrained my uncle from undertaking a journey to Ingolstadt. 9.1 could not persuade myself to confide to him that event which was so often present to my recollections. 10. There is something in your words which persuades me that you are sincere. 11.I avoided explanation for I had a persuasion that I should be supposed mad. 12. We decided to put the scheme into operation as soon as possible. B. 1.1 shall commit my thoughts to paper, it is true; but that is a poor medium for the communication of feeling. 2.I wandered like an evil spirit, for I had committed deeds of mischief beyond description horrible. 3. He refused to commit himself by talking about the crime. 4. The article appealed to patriotism and called for immediate action. 5. He appealed to her reason but in vain. She would not listen to him. 6. My passionate and indignant appeals were lost upon them. 7. Intellectual pleasure is the most satisfying and the most enduring. 8. He could not endure seeing animals treated cruelly. 9.1 can't endure the thought that he will have to content himself with such a poor job. 10. Exhaustion succeeded to the extreme fatigue both of body and of mind which I had endured. 11.I was better fitted by my constitution for the endurance of cold than heat. 12.I have endured toil and misery. I have endured incalculable fatigue, and cold, and hunger. 13.1 had not been content with the results promised by the modern professors of natural science. 14. The blue lake, and snow-clad mountains, they never change; and I think our placid home and our contented hearts are regulated by the same immutable laws. 15. They did not appear rich, but they were contented and happy; their feelings were serene and peaceful. 16- "You are in the wrong," he replied; "and instead of threatening, I am content to reason with you." 17. During my youthful days discontent never visited my mind. 18. In spite of the intense labour and wonderful discoveries of modern philosophers, I always came from my studies discontented and unsatisfied. 15. Fill in the blanks with "to persuade" or "to convince" in the required form. Give reasons for your choice: 1. The conclusion of this speech ... my father that my ideas were deranged. 2.1 was firmly... in my own mind that she was guiltless of this murder. 3. During Elizabeth's illness many arguments had been urged to ... my mother to refrain from attending upon her. 4. Who would believe, unless his sense ... him, in the existence of such a monster? 5. We ... him that his method was inefficient but we could not... him to try our method. 6. Martin Eden could not... Ruth that he would become a writer. 7. Ruth could not... Martin to take ajob as clerk and give up writing. 8. Atticus could not... the jury that Robinson was not guity, 9. The members of the Digamma Pi Society ... Fatty to use cribs at the exams. 10. For centuries Outer Space seemed as unattainable as the Moon. Now everybody is ... that Space will be conguered. 11. It took a great deal of... on his part to get her agree to publish excerpts from her account of her daily life. 12. He ... her to let him take one of the notebooks to his newspaper. 16. Translate into English using "to persuade" and "to convince": 1. Убедить его, что это очень опасный шаг, было невозможно. 2. Факты убедили его в том, что подсудимый невиновен. 3. Мне удалось убедить его, что на случай чрезвычайного положения все должно быть в порядке. 4. Пришлось убеждать его в том, что это не помешает нам подготовиться к зачету. 5. Все были убеждены, что присяжные осудят преступника. 6. Рудольф был убежден, что судьба хранит для него про запас какую-нибудь романтическую историю. 7. Мартину долго пришлось убеждать работников редакции, что у него нет денег на обратный путь. 8. Рудольф вначале был убежден, что девушка специально придумала всю эту историю с карточками, чтобы привлечь к себе внимание. 17. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary: 1. Миссис Чивли пыталась упрочить свое положение в обществе путем рискованных интриг. 2. Он был настолько упрям, что не было никакой возможности убедить его покинуть старую квартиру. 3. Защищая Робинсона, Аттикус шел на риск, но он не мог поступить иначе. 4. Только после долгих уговоров он согласился подписать эту бумагу. 5. Он осмелился возразить, и Браун с удивлением взглянул на него. 6. Тело погибшего было предано земле, и отряд без промедления тронулся в дальнейший путь. 7. Он совершил ошибку и теперь должен заплатить за это. 8. Его острый ум и быстрая реакция вызвали всеобщее восхищение. 9. Его раздражало то, что он связал себя обязательством. 10. Я очень остро чувствовала, как изменилось их отношение ко мне после этого случая. 11. Его выносливость была совершенно необыкновенной, и мы обращались к нему, когда нужно было сделать особенно трудную работу. 12. Вы должны понять всю безнадежность вашего плана. 13. Он не выносит джаза, поэтому не стоит уговаривать его идти на концерт. 14. Ее мольба о помощи не осталась без внимания. 15. Его совершенно не привлекают танцы, поэтому не старайтесь убедить его пойти на этот вечер. 16. Он был очень молод и думал, что его любовь будет длиться вечно. 17. Экспедиция была несомненно очень рискованной, но вы блестяще справились со всеми задачами, 18. Вам придется удовольствоваться этим скромным ужином, так как больше ничего нет. 19. Его довольная улыбка в такой неподходящий момент вызвала у всех возмущение. 20. Дружба всегда помогает переносить все жизненные невзгоды. 18. Write a one-page summary of Text Two. 19. Retell the story of Roger's "narrow escape" using your active vocabulary, word combinations, phrases and patterns: a) as Ruth Barlow sees it: she is, certainly, bewildered and even indignant; use proper intonation means to convey her attitude to Roger and his conduct; b) as Roger tells it to a friend of his in a confidential way; he is greatly relieved; express his attitude by using proper intonation means; c) from the point of view of the lady next door to Ruth Barlow's who pretends to sympathize with Ruth and disapprove of Roger's behaviour, but, in fact, hugely enjoys the situation; use adequate intonation patterns to convey her attitudes. 20. Discuss the events of the story in dialogues as they would be treated by: a) Ruth Barlow and a lady friend of hers: b) Roger and the narrator of the story. Use proper intonation means in the stimuli and responses to convey proper attitudes. 21. Reread Text Two to answer the following questions on its style and composition. a) In what way does the story begin? Is the reader's interest awakened at once? If so, how does the author achieve it? b) What is gained by telling the story in the first person? From whose point of view is it told? Point out the passages reflecting the narrator's attitude, Roger's and the author's. Is the author detached in his attitude to Ruth? Prove your point. c) Is the plot an important feature of the story? Indicate briefly the stages by which the narrative is unfolded. d) Does the story end as the reader expects? Point out passages aiming at suspense. e) Is the title appropriate? Does it reflect the point of the story? f) What words and phrases give atmosphere to the story in descriptions of human appearance, characters, human relations? (Make up lists.) g) Do you regard "The Escape" as a typical specimen of Somerset Maugham's prose? Read the following to answer the question: The qualities of Somerset Maugham are not at all elusive. An innate dramatic sense enables him to write sound, solidly constructed novels that never fail to interest the reader, His prose is clean and hard and is always marked by a precision that is rare in contemporary writing. Passion and lyricism are not evident but in their place the reader will find a superbly controlled irony and a brilliant wit. Transforming the commonplace into art, he produced a long, distinguished list of plays, short stories and novels that will never cease to give the greatest of pleasure. <...> UNIT THREE TEXT THREE ONE STAIR UP By Campbell Nairne (Fragment) Nairne, Campbell, a Scottish novelist, the author of two books "One Stair Up" (1932) and "Stony Ground" (1934). "One Stair Up" deals with the life of an Edinburgh working-class family and is characterized by realism, a fine style and a sense of humour. They went up a short marble staircase, treading without sound on a rich carpet of some green material that yielded like springing turf, and moved across a salon hung everywhere with the coloured and signed portraits of film stars. Back in this dim region of luxury, quite still except for the soft whirring of fans they could hear a tea-spoon chink, a cup grate on a saucer, a voice rise above another voice and sink again into voluptuous stillness. Out of a door marked "Circle" over the bull's-eye in each of its two folding partitions, a trim girl in a chocolate uniform with blue pipings silently emerged, glanced at the tickets, and admitted them, flashing her torch into a hot darkness lit here and there by red lamps and speared diagonally by a shaft of white light falling on the rounded oblong of the screen. "Gee baby, you're a swell kid."1 There was a murmur in the audience, and a man's face came surprisingly out of shadow as he struck a match in the lower part of the gallery. Still flashing her torch, the girl hopped in front of them down the steps of the circle, picked out a couple of vacant seats, and stood back to let them squeeze past her into the row. "Thank you," Andrew said huskily. Several faces glared at them as they sat down. "This a comedy?" Rosa took off her gloves and surveyed the dim amphitheatre in the hope of recognizing some of her acquaintances. It pleased her to be seen in the dress circle, even with Andrew. But her eyes were still unaccustomed to the obscurity. She noted that the cinema, as usual, was nearly full, and looked for the first time at the screen. Two shadowy faces, enormous on the white background, moved together and kissed. "It isn't the big picture,"2 Andrew said. "That doesn't come on till eight-forty. You see all right?" She nodded. He risked no further inquiries, knowing how often she had forbidden him to talk to her in a cinema. He promised himself that to-night he would resist that awful temptation to explain the story in a whisper when he fancied he saw the end of it. Nor would he even say: "Liking it, Rosa?" — "No bored, are you? 'Cos3 if you are we'll go out." — "It's hot stuff, isn't it?" No, he would say nothing and enjoy himself... Ah, this was better. Nice and warm in a cinema, and dark; you couldn't see anybody else, and they couldn't see you. Prefer cinemas to theatres any day. The film ended a few minutes after they had come in. Down swung a looped curtain, pot-plants and palms leapt up under the stage apron, one row of lights and then another shed a pink radiance over the exits, in the domed roof a shower of small stars twinkled and glittered and three bowls flushed suddenly to ruby colour. A dozen or so of the audience got up and pushed out to the exits. Swiftly the light dimmed again. The curtain rattled back and the white oblong emerged from folds already caught by lines of flickering grey print. A draped girl swam into view and began to blow bubbles out of a long pipe. One of these expanded and expanded until it filled the whole screen. It then burst into the letters "All Next Week", which in turn dissolved and announced a film called "Mothers of Broadway" as a forthcoming attraction.4 The film seemed to have smashed all records. It drew tears from the hardest hearts. It sent thrills down the spine. It was a rapid-fire drama. It was a heart-searing tale of studio parties, million-dollar prize fights, and supercharged automobiles. It was, according to other statements that rushed out of the screen, packed with heart-throbs, tingling with reality, vibrant with love and hate — and what a story it had! "You will love it," the screen confidently asserted. "You must see it: the film you'll never forget." Beautiful blondes evidently abounded in this tale of thrill-thirsty young bloods.5 One of them, it seemed, was to find after rushing through "gaiety, temptation, and sorrow" that motherhood is the greatest of all careers. "A film that plucks the heart-strings. Bewitching Minnie Haha in the mightiest drama of Broadway." "Not much good, I expect," Andrew said, "Hullo" — the lights dimmed and a chorus of metallic jazz broke out — "I think that's the big picture on now." He had now a pleasant feeling that he was going to enjoy himself. There was some rare fun in this picture. That fat man with the beard — you had to laugh! First of all you saw a shelf with a basket of eggs on it, then a cat moved along, then the eggs tumbled one by one on the man's head. Oh dear! the way he squeezed that yolk out of his eyes and staggered forward and plumped headfirst into a water-butt. And then the lean chap, coming into the corridor, didn't look where he was going and hit a cook who was marching out of the kitchen with a tray of custards. What a mix-up. Custards all over the place. Holding his seat tight to control his laughter, Andrew wondered whether these chaps really allowed themselves to be knocked down and swamped with custards. No wonder they got big salaries if they had to put up with that kind of thing every day of their lives. Perhaps they faked some of it. Anyhow it was too funny for words. And now here was that dog — must be a hard-worked dog, for you saw it, or another like it, in dozens of these comic films — and of course it was carrying something in its mouth. Oh yes, a stick of dynamite. Where was it going to put that? Under the fat man's bed. Andrew wriggled with enjoyment, then started and laughed gleefully as the dialogue was cut short by a sudden loud explosion. Ha-ha! There was the fat man with a black eye, no beard, half a collar, and no trousers. Oh, this was good! Rosa must be liking this. What a baby he is, Rosa was thinking. You can't really be angry with him. He doesn't seem to have grown up at all. Talk about Peter Pan.6 He's just a big hulking kid. Faintly contemptuous, she watched his blunt nose and chin silhouetted in the darkness. Is he really so stupid, she wondered. Yes, I suppose he is. Oh, for heaven's sake stop that cackling! The explosion shattered its way into the half. She started. "Good, isn't it?" he broke out, forgetful in his excitement. She tossed her head. "I don't see anything funny in that." "Och,7Rosa!" His hands dropped; all the joy died out of his face and eyes. He looked so abject that she was sorry for him against her will. "I thought — it was quite funny, you know — I mean, people laughed. I wasn't the only one. But if you don't like it — " She tried hard, still moved by pity, to reply with gentleness, but the retort shaped itself and was uttered before she had command of it. "I haven't your sense of humour, that's all." Commentary 1. Gee baby, you're a swell kid: These words are coming from the screen. Gee is an interjection which in American English expresses approval. жүктеу/скачать 446 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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