5 курс под редакцией В. Д. Аракина Москва, Владос, 1999 unit one text one the passionate year
Translate the following sentences to revise the different meanings of the words "order" and "disorder"
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- 16. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary and the patterns of the lesson
- 17. Write a one-page precis of Text One. 18. Give a summary of Text One. 19. Relate the incident that took place during the preps at Millstead from the point of view of
- 20. Write an entry in Speeds imaginary diary describing the episode. 21. Reread Text One to answer the following questions on its style.
- UNIT TWO TEXT TWO THE ESCAPE By Somerset Maugham
- Commentary 1. He went down like a row of ninepins
- 3. She would assess her wounded feelings at an immoderately high figure
- Hazardous
- Persuaded
- Persuade
- 5. Acute
- Acutely
- To apply (to smb. for smth.)
- To appeal (to smb. for smth.)
15. Translate the following sentences to revise the different meanings of the words "order" and "disorder". a) Translate into Russian: 1. He is under orders to start for India next week. 2. The general drew up his troops in order. 3. You may get these books by money order. 4. He has always been distinguished by intellectual ability of high order. 5. The disorders in the city detained him long. 6. I've come to see you in order that you may be sure everything is all right. 7. He went on throwing open doors, and peeping in. Everything was in apple-pie order, ready for immediate occupation. 8. The hotel-maid called for orders. b) Translate into English: 1. Председатель призвал его к порядку. 2. Он дал указание немедленно приступить к работе. 3. По приказу судьи его вывели из зала. 4. Мы разложили книги по степени их важности. 5. Все эти товары в полном порядке. 6. Он остановился в дверях, чтобы рассмотреть всех получше. 7. Машина испортилась, но они думали, что шофер нарочно тянет время (to play for time). 8. После налета грабителей комната была в большом беспорядке. 9. Вражеские войска в беспорядке отступали. 10. Ее одежда и волосы были в беспорядке. 16. Translate the following sentences into English using the active vocabulary and the patterns of the lesson: 1. Спид отчетливо сознавал, что такой шаг опасен, но решил рискнуть. 2. Ему удалось установить тишину, но в классе чувствовалось сдержанное волнение. 3. Он отлично справляется со своей работой. Это очень добросовестный, опытный рабочий. 4. Увидев, что все в полном порядке, он выразил улыбкой свое одобрение. 5. Несмотря на шум во время перемены, мы услышали их приглушенные голоса за стеной. 6. Она так устала, что даже не почувствовала боли. 7. Что ты там ухмыляешься? Иди и помоги нам. 8. Я не могу простить ему его наглости. Я хочу, чтобы он немедленно уехал. 9. Не было сомнения, что за его широкой улыбкой скрывалась обида. Я поняла, что его задели ее слова. 10. Речь Спида на прощальном обеде так и искрилась остроумными шутками. 11. Его откровенная усмешка вызвала у всех возмущение. 12. Когда он собрался с мыслями, он понял, что дети хотели подшутить над ним. 13. Это был спокойный, методичный человек, лет 50. 14. Она совершенно растерялась и не знала, как поступить в этой сложной обстановке. 15. Урок был хорошо организован, и учительнице удалось овладеть вниманием учеников с самого начала. 16. Его непринужденность и остроумие создавали ту приятную обстановку взаимопонимания, которая необходима в любом обществе. 17. Он был арестован за нарушение общественного порядка. 18. Как он остроумен! Обратите внимание на его точные ответы и быструю реакцию. 19. Его наглость и возмутительное поведение вызвали всеобщий гнев. 20. На ней было скромное, но изящное платье, и комната ее была тоже аккуратной и говорила о вкусе хозяйки. 21. После Нюрнбергского процесса были преданы гласности многие преступления против человечества, совершенные нацистами. 22. Все это сделано ради вас. 23. А что, если его остроумие не поможет, и атмосфера скуки так и сохранится до конца вечера? 24. Статья не принесла никому никакой пользы. 25. Отделавшись от мальчиков шуткой, он прошел через испытание успешно, хотя отчетливо сознавал, что это был не лучший выход из положения. 26. Все деньги от благотворительного концерта были отданы в помощь пострадавшим от землетрясения. 27. Помогло ли вам новое лекарство? 28. Письмо было написано аккуратным женским почерком, и мы сразу догадались, кто его написал. 17. Write a one-page precis of Text One. 18. Give a summary of Text One. 19. Relate the incident that took place during the preps at Millstead from the point of view of: a) Speed who tells it to his colleague Clanwell in a facetious way; convey proper attitudes by using adequate intonation means; b) one of the boys who took part in the ragging of the new teacher; the boy is excited and somewhat frightened; use proper intonation means; c) Clanwell whose attitude to the whole incident is disapproving. 20. Write an entry in Speed's imaginary diary describing the episode. 21. Reread Text One to answer the following questions on its style. a) How is the atmosphere of uneasiness and suspense created and maintained? Comment on, and illustrate, the methods used for heightening the emotion. What is the author's aim? b) What are the outstanding qualities of the language of the extract? c) Does the extract appeal to you? If so, why? If not, give well-founded criticism. UNIT TWO TEXT TWO THE ESCAPE By Somerset Maugham W. Somerset Maugham, a famous English writer, was born in 1874 in Paris. He received his medical degree, but he never practiced medicine; the ambition to write dominated his entire life. In 1897 "Liza of Lambeth", Maugham's first novel, appeared. It had no success. For the next ten years Maugham wrote and starved. He turned out a steady stream of plays and novels none of which excited much attention. His luck changed in 1907. In that year "Lady Frederic", a comedy of manners, was produced in London. It had a bright, fashionable success. By and by, Maugham became internationally celebrated; his plays were performed all over the world. Now independent and well able to enjoy life Maugham began to travel. He came to know Europe thoroughly and spent long periods in the United States, the South Seas and China. His favorite country was Spain ("The Land of the Blessed Virgin" and "Don Fernando"). In 1915 Maugham published a novel that had been in preparation for many years. Called "Of Human Bondage" it was received by critics with great respect. Over the years, it has become a modern classic. Many popular successes followed its publication: "Ashenden", "Moon and Sixpence", "Cakes and Ale", etc. He died in 1965. I have always been convinced that if a woman once made up her mind to marry a man nothing but instant flight could save him. Not always that; for once a friend of mine., seeing the inevitable loom menacingly before him, took ship from a certain port (with a toothbrush for all his luggage, so conscious was he of his danger and the necessity for immediate action) and spent a year travelling round the world; but when, thinking himself safe (women are fickle, he said, and in twelve months she will have forgotten all about me), he landed at the selfsame port the first person he saw gaily waving to him from the quay was the little lady from whom he had fled4. I have only once known a man who in such circumstances managed to extricate himself. His name was Roger Charing. He was no longer young when he fell in love with Ruth Barlow and he had had sufficient experience to make him careful; but Ruth Barlow had я gift (or should I call it a, quality?) that renders most men defenseless, and it was this that dispossessed Roger of his common sense, his prudence and his worldy wisdom. He went down like a row of ninebins.1 This was the gift of pathos. Mrs. Barlow, for she was twice a widow, had splendid dark eyes and they were the most moving I ever saw; they seemed to be ever on the point of filling with tears; they suggested that the world was too much for her, and you felt that, poor dear, her sufferings had been more than anyone should be asked to bear. If, like Roger Charing, you were a strong, hefty fellow with plenty of money, it was almost inevitable that you should say to yourself: I must stand between the hazards of life and this helpless little thing, or, how wonderful it would be to take the sadness out of those big and lovely eyes! I gathered from Roger that everyone had treated Mrs. Barlow very badly. She was apparently one of those unfortunate persons with whom nothing by any chance goes right. If she married a husband he beat her; if she employed a broker he cheated her; if she engaged a cook she drank. She never had a little lamb but it was sure to die. When Roger told me that he had at last persuaded her to marry him, I wished him joy. "I hope you'll be good friends," he said. "She's a little afraid of you, you know; she thinks you're callous. "Upon my word I don't know why she should think that." "You do like her, don't you?" "Very much." "She's had a rotten time, poor dear. 1 feel so dreadfully sorry for her." "Yes," I said. I couldn't say less. I knew she was stupid and I thought she was scheming. My own belief was that she was as hard as nails. The first time I met her we had played bridge together and when she was my partner she twice trumped my best card. I behaved like an angel, but I confess that I thought if the tears were going to well up into anybody1 s eyes they should have been mine rather than hers. And when, having by the end of the evening lost a good deal of money to me, she said she would send me a cheque and never did, I could not but think that I and not she should have worn a pathetic .expression when next we met. Roger introduced her to his friends. He gave her lovely jewels. He took her here, there, and everywhere. Their marriage was announced for the immediate future. Roger was very happy. He was committing a good action and at the same time doing something he had very much a mind to. It is an uncommon situation and it is not surprising if he was a trifle more pleased with himself than was altogether becoming. Then, on a sudden, he fell out of love. I do not know why. It could hardly have been that he grew tired of her conversation, for she had never had any conversation. Perhaps it was merely that this pathetic [42] look of hers ceased to wring his heart-strings. His eyes were opened and he was once more the shrewd man of the world he had been. He became acutely conscious that Ruth Barlow had made up her mind to marry him and he swore a solemn oath that nothing would induce him to marry Ruth Barlow. But he was in a quandary. Now that he was in possession of his senses he saw with clearness the sort of woman he had to deal with and he was aware that, ii he asked her to release him, she would (in her appealing way) assess her wounded feelings at an immoderately high figure.3 Besides, it is always awkward for a man to jilt a woman. People are apt to think he has behaved badly. Roger kept his own counsel. He gave neither byword nor gesture an indication that his feelings towards Ruth Barlow had changed. He remained attentive to all her wishes; he took her to dine at restaurants, they went to the play together, he sent her flowers; he was sympathetic and charming. They had made up their minds that they would be married as soon as they found a house that suited them, for he lived in chambers and she in furnished rooms; and they set about looking at desirable residences. The agents sent Roger orders to view and he took Ruth to see a number of houses. It was very hard to find anything that was guite satisfactory. Roger applied to more agents. They visited house after house. They went over them thoroughly, examining them from the cellars in the basement to the attics under the roof. Sometimes they were too large and sometimes they were too small, sometimes they were too far from the centre of things and sometimes they were too close; sometimes they were too expensive and sometimes they wanted too many repairs; sometimes they were too stuffy and sometimes they were too airy; sometimes they were too dark and sometimes they were too bleak. Roger always found a fault that made the house unsuitable. Of course he was hard to please; he could not bear to ask his dear Ruth to live in any but the perfect house, and the perfect house wanted finding. House-hunting is a tiring and a tiresome business and presently Ruth began to grow peevish. Roger begged her to have patience; somewhere, surely, existed the very house they were looking for, and it only needed a little perseverance and they would find it. They looked at hundreds of houses; they climbed thousands of stairs; they inspected innumerable kitchens. Ruth was exhausted and more than once lost her temper. "If you don't find a house soon," she said, "I shall have to reconsider my position. Why, if you go on like this we shan't be married for years." "Don't say that," he answered. "I beseech you to have patience. I've just received some entirely new lists from agents I've only just heard of. There must be at least sixty houses on them." They set out on the chase again. They looked at more houses and more houses. For two years they looked at houses. Ruth grew silent and scornful: her pathetic, beautiful eyes acquired an expression that was almost sullen. There are limits to human endurance. Mrs. Barlow had the patience of an angel, but at last she revolted. "Do you want to marry me or do you not?" she asked him. There was an unaccustomed hardness in her voice, but it did not affect the gentleness of his reply. "Of course I do. We'll be married the very moment we find a house. By the way I've just heard of something that might suit us." "I don't feel well enough to look at any more houses just yet." "Poor dear, I was afraid you were looking rather tired." Ruth Barlow took to her bed. She would not see Roger and he had to content himself with calling at her lodgings to enquire and sending her flowers. He was as ever assiduous and gallant. Every day he wrote and told her that he had heard of another house for them to look at. A week passed and then he received the following letter: Roger, I do not think you really love me. I have found someone who is anxious to take care of me and I am going to be married to him today. Ruth. He sent back his reply by special messenger: Ruth, Your news shatters me. 1 shall never get over the blow, but of course your happiness must be my first consideration. 1 send you herewith seven orders to view; they arrived by this morning's post and lam quite sure you will find among them a house that will exactly suit you. Roger. Commentary 1. He went down like a row of ninepins, (fig.) here: He was defeated at once and surrendered without resisting. 2. She never had a little lamb but it was sure to die: There was never anything dear to her that she wouldn't lose. "A little lamb" is [44] somebody that one loves dearly; an allusion to the well-known nursery rhyme: Mary had a little lamb. Its fleece was white as snow, And everywhere that Mary went, The lamb was sure to go.
Word Discrimination: to convince, to persuade. Both are rendered in Russian as «убеждать». То persuade may be translated into Russian by «склонять, уговаривать»; this shade of meaning does not apply to convince, which win help to distinguish the difference between the two words. To convince a person means to satisfy his understanding as to the truth of something by proof, evidence or arguments, e.g. Nothing will convince me that lies and falsehoods can be justified. Adjectives: convinced, convincing, as convinced bachelor; convincing proof, evidence, statement, reason. To persuade a person is to influence him in some way, either by argument, proof or otherwise. Conviction or the process of convincing leads to belief. Persuasion leads to action. A stubborn person may be convinced of the necessity of doing something, but nothing may be able to persuade him to do it, e.g. You have persuaded me that I must apologize. To convince a person is to prove the truth to him. To persuade a person is more than that: it implies not only convincing, but also influencing a person to act, to do something on the basis of his conviction. Persuade may refer to the process itself of arguing with a person whereas convince is never used in this sense, but implies rather the final result of argument. E.g. We were persuading him to give up that dangerous plan, but failed to convince him. 3. Scheme v – plan or form a plan, esp. a secret or dishonest one, e.g. They schemed to overthrow their rivals. Scheme n 1) a plan, e.g. The designer acquainted us with the scheme. 2) an arrangement in which each part fits the other parts perfectly, as a colour (furnishing) scheme (i.e. an arrangement chosen so that the effect is pleasing) 3) a secret, esp. dishonest, plan, e.g. Their scheme was exposed and the criminals were soon put on trial. 4) a carefully arranged statement of a plan, e.g. In the first lesson the teacher gave the students a scheme of work for the year. 4. Commit v – 1} (usu.) to do a bad or foolish act, as to commit a crime, suicide, an error, e.g. He committed a grave error and he was conscious of it. I wonder what made him commit suicide. 2) handover or give up for safe keeping; entrust; place, as to commit smth. to paper (to writing); to write it down, e.g. If you are very ill, you have to commit yourself to doctors and nurses. The prisoner was committed for trial (i.e. sent before the judges to be tried). The body was committed to the flames, (i.e. burnt). 3) to speak or act in such a way that one will be compelled to do smth, e.g. He has committed himself to support his brother's children (i.e. said or done smth that makes it necessary for him to support them). 5. Acute a 1) (of the mind and the senses) sharp; quick, e.g. Dogs have an acute sense of smell. A man with an .acute mind soon knows [46] whether a book is valuable or not. 2) severe, sharp and sudden, e.g. A bad tooth may cause acute pain. 3) very strong; deeply felt, e.q. His son's success in the examinations gave him acute pleasure. 4) (of an illness) serious and causing great suffering; coming sharply to a crisis. (Cf. chronic), as acute gastritis 5) sharp, pointed, as an acute angle (one that is less than a right angle) Acutely adv – e.g. He was acutely conscious of her presence, and it made him unusually silent. 6. Appeal v – 1) ask someone to decide a question; (esp.) ask someone to say that one is right; ask earnestly for something, e.g. The prisoner appealed to the judge for mercy. She appealed to me to protect her. 2) Move the feelings; interest; attract, e.g. Do these paintings appeal to you? (Do you like them?) Bright colours appeal to small children. The sea voyage does not appeal to me. Appealing pl. p., a imploring, e.g. The girl said it with such an appealing smile that Mr. Fowler, to his own surprise, granted the request, though but half a minute before he meant to refuse it. Appeal n 1) an earnest call for help, as to collect signatures to an appeal, e.g. An appeal is being made for help for those who lost their homes in the earthquake. 2) a call to smth. or smb. to make a decision, e.g. So powerful seemed his appeal that the people were deeply moved. 3) interest or attraction, e.g. That sort of music hasn't much appeal for me. (I'm not much attracted by it.) The novel has general appeal, to make an appeal to smb. to attract smb., e.g. This type of romantic hero is sure to make an appeal to feminine hearts. Word Discrimination: to address, to apply to, to appeal to, to turn to, to consult, to go to. The Russian word «обращаться» has a number of equivalents in English:
To see and to go to may be used in the meaning of "to consult" (coll.), as to see a doctor, a lawyer. 7. Endurance n ability to endure, e.g. He showed remarkable powers of endurance. There are limits to human endurance. endure verb – bear bravely; remain firm or unmoved; suffer without complaining, as to endure suffering (pain, torture, etc.), e.g. If help does not come, they will endure to the end, 2) suffer; bear; put up with (esp. in the negative with 'can, could, be able1), e.g. I can't endure that man. 3) last; continue in existence, as as long as life endures. enduring pr. p., a, as an enduring peace (i.e. one that will last a long time) 8. Content v – satisfy, e.g. There were no roses at the florist's, and we had to content ourselves with big, red carnations. There is no contenting some people (i.e. it's impossible to satisfy them). contented a satisfied, as a contented look (smile, laugh, etc.) content a (predic. only) 1) satisfied with what one has or has had; not wishing for any more, e.g. He is content with very little. 2) willing, e.g. I am content to remain where I am now. content n the condition of being satisfied; feeling easy in one's mind, as to live in peace and content (i.e. peacefully and happily, with no worry or anxiety); to one's heart's content as much as one wants, e.g. And now you may enjoy yourself to your heart's content. жүктеу/скачать 446 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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