Ч.І. (для рівня B1 +) / За загальною редакцією проф. Корольової А. В. Київ 2007 Видавництво Національного педагогічного університету ім. М. П. Драгоманова
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модуль 3 children’s room
A bunk-bed – двоповерхове ліжко Fashion doll – лялька з набором одягу Compendium of games – набор настільних ігор Drop-flap writing surface – письмовий стіл з відкидним верхом Handicraft – ручна праця Jigsaw, puzzle – пазли Modeling clay - пластилін Colored pencil(crayon) – кольорові олівці Building and filling cubes – кубики Construction set - конструктор Toy horse for rocking and pulling – коник - гойдалка Pram suit – дитячий костюм для прогулянки Playsuit, leggings – повзунки Child’s sundress - сарафан A sun hat - панамка Catsuit – комбінезон
Wrapover vest – дитяча сорочка Baby’s jacket –кофтинка для немовляти Space-saving sleeper chair – крісло - ліжко Crib – колиска Folding hood – відкидний верх коляски Dummy, teat – соска - пустушка Potty (baby’s pot) - горщик Bootees – дитяче взуття Play pen - манеж Pram - коляска Children’s cupboard - дитяча шафа Linen drawer – комод для білизни Toy box – коробка для іграшок Paintbox – набір фарб Felt pen - фломастер A train set - дерев’яна залізнична колія
A Peter: Jane how lucky we are tomorrow we’ll move into a new house. Jane: yes, wonderful. It’s big and nice with wide windows. Peter: It has a wide porch and a high roof. Jane: It’s good for playing hide and seek. Peter: There are a lot of rooms in it. We’ll have a big playroom, too. Jane: With a drop-flap writing surface and we’ve enough space for doll’s and toys. Peter: Yes, and a rocking horse and a train set. Jane: I;m waiting impatiently for tomorrow. B Sue: Kitty, my mummy bought me a pretty fashion doll. Kitty:: Nice, but my dad did a baby doll. Sue: Look, how many dresses and skirts and shoes here. Kitty:: And my doll has many clothes a pink playsuit, a green catsuit and a romper and a baby’s jacket. Sue: My new friend has a hair brush, a mirror, a lipstick… Kitty:: But I was presented a folding hood pram. Sue: Oh, really, let me see. Kitty:: Sue, I’ve an idea to play with our dolls. Yours will be a mother and mine her daughter. Sue: Fine, my daughter bring me please… C Mother: John: bring me the dummy I‘m going to walk with our baby. John: Here you are, mum. Mother: Would you like to walk with us? John: No, I’d better keep our playroom. Mother: Good of you! My dear, help me with the pram. John: Sure. Mother: Please, put all playsuits, wrapover vests and a baby’s jackets into the children’s cupboard. John: Yes, I’ll do everything with pleasure.
1. Why Jane and Peter were lucky? ____________________________________________________________ 2. Do they have a high roof or a low one? ____________________________________________________________ 3. What did Sue have? ____________________________________________________________ 4. Who presented Kitty a baby doll? ____________________________________________________________ 5. Who brought the dummy? ____________________________________________________________ 6. What did mother ask to do in the playroom? ____________________________________________________________ 7. Who was going to walk with a baby (the last dialogue)? ____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Уявіть себе а) маленькою дитиною в новій кімнаті, в)нянею дитинки. Поговоріть про дитячу кімнату. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Перевірте, як ви запам”ятовуєте слова.
7. Прочитайте невеличкі історії очима дітей. Виконайте запропоновані після тексту вправи. Rusty the sheep – dog. Now, Joy had a doll which she was very fond of, called Amelia. Mr. Smiles had given it to her for Christmas. And she used to take Amelia out for walks in her doll`s pram, and Rusty would go with them – down to take village or up the lane to the moor. But one day Rusty was working in the fields with Mr. Smiles, so Joy went out by herself. She went through the village and up the lane. She thought she would pick some flowers for her mother. But two naughty hound puppies, chasing a cat, rushed out of a gate, knocked over the pram and ran away. And when Joy looked, Amelia had gone! lane - доріжка moor - болото to pick - збирати naughty - неслухняний puppy - цуценя
2. Mr. Smiles had given it _____ her ____ Christmas. 3. She used to take Amelia _____ _____ walks in her doll’s pram. 4. She went ______ the village and up the lane. 5. Two naughty hound puppies rushed _______ of a gate.
2. Two naughty hound puppies, chasing ______ cat, rushed rushed out of _____ gate, knocked over _____ pram and ran away. 3. One day Rusty was working in ______ field with, Mr. Smiles. 4. She used to take Amelia out for _____ walks in her ______ doll`s pram. С. Відкрийте дужки, ставлячи дієслово у правильній формі. 1. Joy (have) ________________a doll which she was very fond of, called Amelia. 2. One day Rusty (work)_____________ in the fields with Mr. Smiles, so Joy (go)____________ out by herself. 3. She (think)__________________ she (pick)____________________ some flowers for her mother. 4. Two naughty hound puppies, (chase)_________________ a cat, (rush)______________ out of a gate, (knock)__________________ over the pram and (run)_______________________ away. 5. When Joy Joy (look)______________________, Amelia (go)____________________________!
1. Did_____________________________________________? 2. Who____________________________________________? 3. What___________________________________________? 4 . Where__________________________________________? 5. _______________________________________, didn’t he? 6. Did________________ or ___________________________?
My family consists of four members: my mother, my father, my little brother and me. Each member of the family has his own chores. My father goes shopping. He buys bread, milk, vegetables, fruits, eggs and other, products. My mother prepares dinner and supper. We like Mother’s cooking. She is especially good at cooking fried fish. My chore is to wash up dishes. I also have to dust the furniture and to sweep the floor in my room every day. My younger brother's chores are to carry: lo carry out the garbage and to put his things in their right places. On Saturday all the family are busy with their chores. We make our flat neat. My father cleans the carpets wish a vacuum - cleaner. My mother washes linen in a washing - machine. I wash the floor. My brother cleans shoes. After all that we lay the table and have dinner. Then we have tea with wonderful cakes made by my mother. We thank our parents and father cheerfully says: « Business before pleasure». We enjoy the rest of the day doing things we like to do. Chores are very important in the life of the family. Our family is very friendly because everybody treats his chores very seriously.
garbage – сміття to knit – в'язати a vacuum – cleaner – пилосос to wash linen – прати білизну
В. Знайдіть в тексті початок запропонованих у вправі речень за закінчіть їх. He buys bread, milk, vegetables________________________________________________________ I also have to dust the furniture and_____________________________________________________ Chores are very important ____________________________________________________________ Then we have tea with _______________________________________________________________
a) bare b) naked c) nude d)stripped 2. Will you … the bunk bed at once! Our gests are at the door! a) clean b) cover c) make d) smooth 3. Your… for today is to do the washing up. a) duty b) homework c) labour d) task 4. I just have a few household… to cope with and then I’ll be able to rest. a) jobs b) charges c) chores d) works 5. this room looks terrible, it’s in such a… . a) disorder b) litter c) mess d) rubbish 6. it’s… we did something about redecorating the playroom. a) full-time b) good time c) high time d) long time 10. Уявіть себе учителем початкових класів. Використовуючи таблицю форм, кольорів, познайомте учнів з новими словами та введіть їх в речення. Shapes, colours and patterns Shapes
square (n,adj) a rectangle (n) a circle (n) a semi- circle oval (n, adj) rectangular (adj) round (adj) circular (adj) a star    
a triangle (n) pyramid triangular (adj) a square box, a round table, a pointed end, a rectangular field, an oval shape Note: we can also form adj. to describe shapes in this way: The ball was egg-shaped; a heart-shaped wedding cake; a diamond-shaped bag. S  hades of colour
She bought a dark green skirt. He was wearing light blue jeans. My new shirt is pale yellow. Note: With some colours, we use pale rather than light, e.g. pale yellow, pale pink. 
Patterns (designs)
striped shirt tartan skirt floral tie check dress Use of the suffix – ish When we want to say that a shape is almost round or a colour nearly green, we can express this idea by adding the suffix – ish: a roundish fase; a greenish tie; a yellowish colour. А. Використовуючи словосполучення, утворіть діалоги за ситуаціями: а) ви прийшли на пошту і хочете надіслати подарунок. Вам потрібна коробка; в) Ви шукаєте тканину на святкову сукню; с) ви на уроці математики і намагаєтеся накреслити необхідну фігуру. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Прочитайте текст, перекладіть, обсудіть с одногрупниками дослідження вчених та вивсловіть свою думку про взаємини з і своїми братами та сестрами. Children’s relationships with thir brothers and sisters are an important part of their everyday lives. Most research on siblings examines predetermined topics, rather than starting from children’s own perspectives. This study involving 58 children agedseven to 13 listened to their accounts of everyday life with their brothers and sisters, showing them to be insightful commentators. The researchers found out that:
А. Доповніть речення слова, спираючись на текст. Most research on ________________ examines predetermined _____________? Rather than starting from _________________ own perspectives. Some_____________said that their brothers and _____________ gave them a strong sense of ______________ as being part of group, and saw sharing possessions and _______________ as unremarkable. They had a strong sense of independence and ____________ it difficult to share _____________ or bedrooms with their _________________. В. З”єднайте слова, знайдіть в тексті речення , в яких словосполучення, що утворилися, є у наявності.
С. Орінтуючись на відповіді, подані у вправі, поставте до них запитання. - __________________________________________________________? - Some children however, intensely disliked their siblings. - __________________________________________________________? - Children loved and cared for each other. - __________________________________________________________? - Some younger sablings looked after their elder brothers and sisters.
We have a clildren`s cupboard with linen drawers, a children`s bed for our little sister and a bunk- bed for me and our younger brother, sheets, blankets, pillows all covered with a beautiful bedspreads. The other side of our room is more interesting: some big toy boxes. A box with compendium of games, a box with handicrafts, glue, paint box, paintbrushes, modeling clay, felt pens, and a box for fashion dolls, a toy shop and many other very useful things. There is a drop - flap writing surface next to the window. We like to draw, paint and play on it. A rocking horse, a construction set, building cubes, a wooden train set, a toy lorry are in the middle of our room. We placed everything and we liked it. А. Вставьте, де необхідно, артиклі. 1.__ other side of our __room is __ more interesting. 2.__ box for __ fashion dolls, __ toy shop and __ many other things. 3.__ rocking horse, __ construction set, __ building cubes is in __ middle of our room.
В. Вставте прикметники, спираючись на текст.
С. З”єднайте слова. Знайдіть речення, в яких використані словосполучення, що утворилися та випишіть їх.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D. Уявіть, що ви а) продавець дитячих меблів: запропонуйте нові зразки покупцям; в) ви розпачали ремонт у дитячій кімнаті. Розкажіть майстрам про своє бачення кімнати; с) пригадайте, що вам не подобалося у вашій кімнаті у дитинстві. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. Різдво та Новий рік асоціюється з дитинством та подарунками. Виконайте тест та отримайте нову інформацію для спілкування з друзями. CHRISTMAS IN THE USA
a. 8 b. 9 c. Santa does not have reindeer. They are really caribou. d. Santa have a whole herd of reindeer – we only know about his favorite ones. 12. Electric Christmas tree lights were first used in what year? a. 1800 c. 1895 b. 19 25 d. 1750 13. Who was the author of “ A Christmas Carol”? a. Anderson b. Dickens c. Mark Twain d. Jack London 14. Where do parents put presents for their kids? a. in a stocking b. in a red bed c. in a big boot d. in a bag 15. Where can you see the Christmas tree all the year round? a. in the town of Santa Claus in the state of California b. in the town of Santa Claus in the state of Wisconsin c. in the town of Santa Claus in the state of Indiana d. in the town of Santa Claus in the state of Washington 14. Незалежно від віку люди набувають знань. Перевірте, до якого типу сприйняття предметної інформації ви належите. There are as many different ways of learning a language as there are language learners. However, it is possible to identify four main types. This questionnaire is to help you identify which type you are most like and also to help you think about other ways of learning you might try. 1) Are you a person who a) wants to know grammar rules? b) doesn’t worry about grammar? 2) When you are speaking, do you usually a) look up the exact meaning of the words? b) work out roughly(приблизно) what a new word means? 3) When you are speaking, do you a) use phrases you’ve learnt by heart? b) try out new ways of saying things? 4) For you a word usually has a) one clear meaning? b) different meanings in different situations. 5) Are you more interested in a) business English? b) literature? 6) Are you more interested in a) passing examinations? b) being able to say what you want ?
b) the sound of their voice? If you chose more (a)s than (b)s, answer the A questions. If you chose more (b)s than (a)s, answer the B questions. A 1) Do you chose the answers to questions a) rather carefully? b) without thinking a lot?
b) sometimes finish homework late? 3) Do you feel better when you a) finish a piece of work? b) still have time to finish it? 4) Which is more important when you studying? a) being organized? b) being able to change? 5) Are you more comfortable with activities a) clearly limited? which are b) open-ended? 6) When working with other learners, do you a) plan carefully before you start? b) decide what to do as you go along? 7) Do you like it more when a) the whole class does the same activity? b) you work in small groups? If you chose more (a)s than (b)s, read “The worker”. If you chose more (b)s than (a)s, read “The player”. B 1) Do you chose the answers to questions a) rather carefully? b) without thinking a lot? 2) Do you a) always finish homework in time? b) sometimes finish homework late? 3) Do you feel better when you a) finish a piece of work? b) still have time to finish it? 4) Which is more important when you studying? a) being organized? b) being able to change? 5) Are you more comfortable with activities a) clearly limited? which are b) open-ended? 6) When working with other learners, do you a) plan carefully before you start? b) decide what to do as you go along? 7) Do you like it more when a) the whole class does the same activity? b) you work in small groups? If you chose more (a)s than (b)s, read “The thinker”. If you chose more (b)s than (a)s, read “The feeler”. The worker. The worker is a person who: Likes organizations and planning Enjoys doing exercises and drills Would like to work with the teacher all the time Has good study habits, is punctual and is good at homework Likes doing tests and being corrected Prefers writing to discussion or drama Dislikes doing project work Dislikes playing games or working in small groups The player. The player is a person who: Likes being with people and enjoys variety and change Prefers listening and speaking to reading and writing Prefers playing games and working in groups to writing exercises Prefers competition and excitement in practice and homework Enjoys participating and performing Hates doing the same thing lesson after lesson, but likes doing different things all the time The thinker. The thinker is a person: Wants to know why and always looks for rules and principles Works independently and learns from individual study Enjoys listening to lectures and doing projects and long written work Is very hard-working and always wants to get things right Prefers reading to participating in discussions Sometimes does not complete work and is often not satisfied with it Would like to know everything there is to know
The feeler is a person who: Enjoys learning languages and is good at it Loves interacting and group and pair work Is interested in talking about emotions and personal topics Enjoys being with people and learns through cooperation Prefers talking part in discussions to doing exercises and studying rules Likes reading, roleplay and drama Is very sensitive to criticism Prefers speaking to writing 15. Уявіть, що вам необхідно підготувати свято з малюками у школі. Використовуючи вірші, підготуйте сценарій та вивчіть вірші. My Dog I have a little dog. His name is Jack. His head is white And his ears are black.
My cat is black, My cat is fat, My cat likes rats. Rats are grey and fat.
Take my hand and walk with me, Be my friend and talk to me, We can talk of many things, How we feel when a songbird sings. We'll talk quietly, not shout, There is so much to talk about: How we help our mummies too, They have so much work to do. Take my hand and walk with me, Be my friend and talk to me.
My Teddy's fur is soft and brown. His legs are short and fat. He walks with me all round the town, And never wears a hat. My Teddy keeps me warm is bed. I like his furry toes, I like his dear little head And pretty little nose.
Here is a big doll, Here is a big ball, There is a little doll, There is a little ball.
Here is a big box, There is a little fox, There is a little box. Here is a big car, Here is a big star, There is a little car, There is a little star... My Doll My dolly is pretty, My dolly is nice. She has a short nose And beautiful eyes. Her full lips are rosy, Her cheeks are rosy, too Her hair is fair, Her eyes are blue. Her little face is round, Her ears are small. I love my dear dolly Best of all, best of all. My Pussy-Cat I have a little Pussy, And her coat is grey. She lives in my house, And she never runs away. Pussy-Cat, Pussy-Cat! Can you catch that big fat rat? It is sitting by the ham, Just behind the apple jam. Pussy-Cat, Pussy-Cat! That fat rat is very bad. If you catch it, I'll be glad. I'll give you some milk that. Patter I like my Bunny. Bear likes honey.
Cats like rats. Boys like dogs. Storks like frogs. Mice like cheese. Sparrows like peas. Owls like mice I like rice. Birds like grain. Say it all again! Peter has a pencil. Peter has a pen. He draws with a pencil. He writes with a pen. Little bird, little bird Look at me. I have a bird house. Oh! Come and see!
A green frog is on a log A red cock is on a clock A big fish is on a dish A white hare is on a chair.
A little fox is in a box A little duck is in a truck A little goat is in a boat. My Mother's Face I know a face, a lovely face As full of beauty as of grace, A face of pleasure and of smile, In darkness it gives light. A face that is itself like joy, To see it I'm a happy boy. And I have a joy that have no other: This lovely woman is my mother!
My dear, dear Mummy! I love you very much. I want you to be happy On the 8th March! Be happy, be happy On the 8th March!
I like the way you look, I like the way you cook. Now what I really want to say Is: «Happy Mother's Day!»
Help your mother, lay the table; Put a knife and fork and spoon. Help your mother, lay the table Every afternoon. Help your mother, clean the table; Take the knife and fork and spoon. Help your mother, clean the table Morning, night and afternoon.
Mrs. Grundy washes on Monday, Irons on Tuesday, Shops on Wednesday, Bakes on Thursday, Sews on Friday, Cleans on Saturday, Cooks on Sunday... This is the tale of Mrs. Grundy.
1, 1, 1 — I love the sun. 2, 2, 2 — I love my Mummy too! 3, 3, 3 — My Mummy loves me. 4, 4, 4 — I love her more and more. I count from 1 — I love the sun. I count to 4 — I love my Mummy more!
b) “ Tom”, says the teacher, “ your composition is very bad. You must stay after school and write a composition of 50 words”. “What shall I write about?”asks Tom. “ You may write about your friend, a book…”, says the teacher. “ May I write a composition about my sister?” “certainly, you may”, says the teacher and goes out of the classroom. Tom thought a little and wrote. “ I have a little sister. Her name is Jane. She has a nice little kitten. She likes it very much. When it goes out into the garden she always goes after it and calls: Pussy and 50 times”.
no cheese, I know you like it very much”. Tom went out the room and soon came back with some cheese. Uncle Peter thanked him, put the cheese into the mouth and said: “ You have very good eyes. Where did you get the cheese?”The boy answered: “ From the rat trap.”
- What are you doing in our shop? - I’m looking for a present for my godchild. - What can I do for you? - With pleasure. I’d like a catsuit. - Maybe, this one blue? - Rather nice. And that striped baby’s jacket. - Good choice. 6. dummy, handicraft, modeling, clay, catsuit. 7. bunk –bed, crayon, potty, romper, pram, jigsaw. 9.1 of, 2 to, for. 3 out, 4 through, 5 out. 10.1 __ __, 2 a a the, 3 the, 4 __ __.
Was working, went Thought, would pick Chasing, rushed, knocked, ran. Looked, had gone 15. 1.a 2.c 3.d 4.c 5.c 6.c. 21.Dad, big, downstairs, very hot, find. 25. 1. the __ __. 2. a __ a__. 3. a a __ the. 4. a a.
5. a a. 26. Younger New large Little Interesting Big 27. 1 e, 2 c, 3 b, 4 f, 5 a, 6 d. 30. Christmas: 1.c; 2.c; 3.c; 4.d; 5.c; 6.d;7.d;8.c; 9.c; 9.d; 10.d; 11.c; 12.c; 13.d; 14.a; 15.a. ПРИКМЕТНИК (Adjective) КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ Прикметник — це частина мови, яка називає ознаку, якість або властивість предмета. За своїм складом прикметники бувають: 1. Прості (Simple Adjectives) У початковій формі не мають суфікса або префікса. cold — холодний, red — червоний, new — новий.
У складі цих прикметників є суфікс або префікс, або суфікс і префікс одночасно: useful — корисний,
Складаються з двох чи більше основ, які утворюють одне слово з єдиним значенням: good-looking — гарний, blue-eyed — блакитноокий, dark-haired — темноволосий. Прикметники не змінюються ні за числами, ні за родами, ні за відмінками: a new book — нова книга, a new building — новий будинок, a new house — новий дім, new houses — нові доми. Прикметники в англійській мові змінюються лише за ступенями порівняння. Вправа 1. Утворіть вищий і найвищий ступінь порівняння наступних прикметників. Hot, nice, warm, cold, merry, small, tall, high, weak, strong, heavy, light, green, dry, clean, dirty, wide, deep, brave, long, short, clever, silly, great, red, black, white, thin, thick, fat. Вправа 2. Перекладіть з англійської. 1. That's the funniest story I've ever heard. 2. The tram system isn't as reliable as it used to be. 3. What is your height? You are taller than me. 4. She felt as strong as her brother. 4. We started earlier than you. 5. He was more careful than I. 6. This student is the most attentive in our group. 7. I need a warmer coat. 8. He is as tired as you. 9. He was one of the most experienced workers at the factory. 10. Better late than never. 11. She was not so attractive as her mother. 12. His work is not so difficult as mine. 13. He was the eldest in the family. 14. It is easier to swim in the sea than in the river. 15. This is the smallest room in our flat. Вправа 3. Перекладіть на англійську. 1. Дякую за добру пораду. 2. Мені дуже шкода, але у мене погані новини для вас. 3. Одяг на ньому був старий та поношений. 4. Минулого літа фрукти були дорогі. 5. Ці вершки свіжі. 6. Де найближчий магазин? 7. Яка телевізійна програма найкумедніша? 8. Дайте мені більш важке завдання. 9. Мій брат молодший за мене. 10. Батько розумніший за тебе СТУПЕНІ ПОРІВНЯННЯ ПРИКМЕТНИКІВ Прикметники в англійській мові мають три ступені порівняння: звичайний. вищий, найвищий. Вищий і найвищий ступені в англійській мові утворюються:
1. Форми вищого і найвищого ступенів порівняння прикметників утворюються шляхом додавання суфіксів до основи прикметників у звичайному ступені:
Таким же чином утворюються ступені порівняння двоскладових прикметників, які закінчуються на: -lе simple — простий, humble — скромний, -у happy — щасливий, -er clever — розумний, -ow narrow — вузький
simple — simpler — the simplest, narrow — narrower — the narrowest.
1. Якщо односкладовий прикметник закінчується приголосною буквою, перед якою стоїть голосна, то кінцева приголосна подвоюється: hot —гарячий — hotter —the hottest, big — великий — bigger — the biggest, flat — рівний — flatter — the flattest. 2. Якщо прикметник закінчується голосною у, перед якою стоїть приголосна, у змінюється на і перед суфіксами -er;-est: dry —сухий — drier —the driest, happy — щасливий — happier — the happiest.
grey — сірий— greyer — the greyest. 3, Перед суфіксами -er, -est кінцева голосна є (німе - е)
fine —прекрасний — finer — the finest. 4. Більшість двоскладових і багатоскладових прикметників утворюють ступені порівняння за допомогою підстановки перед прикметником у звичайному ступені спеціальних слів: — у вищому ступені: more — більше (від much/many), less — менше (від little); — у найвищому ступені: the most — найбільше (від much/many), the least — Найменше (від little). Наприклад: difficult — важкий more the most difficult difficult less the least
That text is more (less) difficult than this one. Той текст більш (менш) важкий, ніж цей. Your text is the most (the least) difficult of all. Твій текст найбільш (найменш) важкий з усіх.
5. Деякі прикметники утворюють ступені порівняння від інших коренів. Ці слова треба вивчити і завжди пам'ятати. Так, наприклад, звідки ми взяли слова more, most/less, least? Це якраз і будуть вищий і найвищий ступені порівняння прикметників many (much)/little відповідно. Запам'ятайте! Іменник, що визначається прикметником у найвищому ступені, завжди вживається з певним артиклем (навіть у тому випадку, якщо іменник не виражений, а лише домислюється). Наприклад: February is the coldest month in the year, the windiest and the frostiest. Лютий — найбільш холодний місяць року, найбільш вітряний і морозний
1. Сполучення most з прикметниками у звичайному ступені може позначати не вищий ступінь якості предмета в порівнянні з іншими предметами, а дуже високий ступінь якості безвідносно до інших предметів. У цьому разі іменник, що визначається, має неозначений артикль а. Наприклад: It's a most interesting book. Це дуже цікава книжка. 2. Слово most у значенні "більшість" і вислів most of у значенні "більшість з" може вживатися перед іменниками у формі множини. Наприклад: This sum seemed to most students an unsolved problem. Це завдання здавалось більшості студентів нерозв'язною проблемою. However, most of them did it very quickly. Однак більшість з них вирішила її дуже швидко.
I’m sorry I’m a bit late. I got here as fast as I could.
В наступних реченнях використовуйте just as…as. 6. I’m going to sleep on the floor. It’s ………. sleeping in that hard bed. 7. Why did he get the job rather than me? I’m ………. him. 8. At first I thought you were nice but really you’re ………. everybody else. Вправа 6. Перекладіть наступне. Яка мова складніша, англійська чи німецька? 2. Волга – найдовший водний шлях в Європі, чи не так? 3. Які останні новини? 4. Сьогодні погода гірша ніж учора. 5. Лондон більший за Париж? 6. Мій словник кращий, ніж твій. 7. Він не такий високий, як його старший брат. 8. Джим – мій найдавніший і найкращий друг. 9. Останнє оповідання в цій книзі – найцікавіше. 10. Моя сестра на шість років молодша за мене. 11. Хіба здоров’я не важливіше, ніж гроші? 12. Вона набагато талановитіша, ніж її сестра. 13. Вона виглядає набагато старшою за свою сестру, чи не так? 14. Контрольна робота була легшою, ніж ми думали. 15. Сьогодні холодніше, ніж учора. 16. Ця кімната більша, ніж та. 17. Наш новий дім набагато кращий ніж старий. 18. Цей велосипед дорожчий, ніж той. 19. Мій брат набагато старший за мене. 20. Чому зелена сукня дешевша за синю? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ФУНКЦІЇ ПРИКМЕТНИКІВ У РЕЧЕННІ Прикметник у реченні виступає у функції: — означення: Не told me a very interesting story. Він розповів мені дуже цікаву історію. — іменної частини присудка: Не was telling and his story seemed very interesting. Він говорив, і його розповідь здавалася дуже цікавою. Прикметник у функції означення як правило стоїть перед іменником. І якщо іменник має артикль, то прикметник ставиться між артиклем і іменником, якби має зверхність над артиклем, витісняючи його. Наприклад: This is a book. Це книга. This is an interesting book. Це цікава книга.
ог або
І can run faster than he can. — Я можу бігати швидше за нього (ніж він може). І got up earlier than her. — Я встав раніше за неї (ніж вона). or або І got up earlier than she did. — Я встав раніше, ніж вона встала. more than — більш ніж less than — менш ніж The film was very short — Фільм був дуже короткий — менше години less than an hour (менше, ніж година). My shoes cost more than yours. — Мої туфлі коштують більше твоїх (більше ніж твої) Нестандартна форма утворення ступенів порівняння прикметників і прислівників від інших коренів
Прикметники, які мають два ряди ступенів порівняння
Вправа 7. Розкрийте дужки. 1. The rivers in America are much (big)________ than those in England. 2. It's (bad)_______ mistake he has ever made. 3. The island of Great Britain is (small) _______than Greenland. 4. What is the name of the (high)______ mountain in Asia? 5. The English Channel is (wide)______ than the Straits of Gibraltar. 6 Russia is a very (large) ______country. 7. Which is (large)_____: the United States or Canada? 8. What is the name of the (big) ______port in the United States? 9. Moscow is the (large) ______city in Russia. 10. The London underground is the (old) ______in the world. 11. There is a (great)______ number of cars and buses in the streets of Moscow than in any other city of Russia. 12. St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful)_________ cities in the world. Вправа 8. Порівняйте наступні речі, використовуючи слово в дужках. Наприклад: buses in the rush hour/buses late at night (crowded) Buses in the rush hour are more crowded than buses late at night.
2. taking exercise/going on a diet (good) 3. being a scientist/being a poet (useful) 4. cycling/walking (healthy) 5. looking after a family/going out to work (interesting) 6. wearing formal clothes/wearing casual clothes (relaxing) 7. learning foreign languages/learning about computers (difficult)
1. Індія не така велика, як Китай. 2. Яка з цих книг найцікавіша? 3. Крим одне з найкращих місць для відпочинку. 4. Сьогодні він почуває себе краще. 5. Погода сьогодні гірше, ніж учора. 5. Він не такий втомлений, як вона. 6. Життя набагато дорожче, ніж було ще декілька років назад. 7. Я ніколи не бачив кращого фільму. 8. Мені потрібен більший автомобіль. 9. Наші іспити набагато важчі, ніж ваші. 10. Ця приваблива дівчина – найкраща студентка нашої групи. 11. Хто наймолодший студент у вашій групі? 12. Давайте поїдемо машиною. Це дешевше. 13. Чим більше я розмірковував про новий план, тим менше він мені подобався. 14. Яка ріка найдовша в світі? 15. Я добре його знаю, мабуть краще, ніж будь-кого іншого. жүктеу/скачать 5.88 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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