6
Nucleosidases and Phosphatases
RNAse
6.0-9.0
Pancreatic amylase
Amylase
6.7-7.0
Pancreatic lipase
Lipolytic
7.9-8.1
Pepsin
Peoteolyti
c
1.5-1.6
Ribonuclease
RNAse
5.9-6.1
Sucrase
Amylase
5.9-6.1
Salivary Amylase
Amylase
6.7-7.0
Trypsin
Peoteolyti
c
7.8-8.7
Alpha- Dextrinase
Amylase
4.2- 4.6
2. The aforementioned data is then split into categories to form the grouped data.
Table 1.2
pH
ranges
N
o. of
enzymes
Name of Enzymes
1.0-
2.0
1
Pepsin
2.0-
3.0
0
-
3.0-
4.0
0
-
4.0-
5.0
2
Gastric lipase, Alpha dextrinase
5.0-
6.0
3
Carboxypeptidase, Deoxyribonuclease, Lingual lipase
6.0-
7.0
8
Aminopeptidase, Dipeptidase, lactase, Maltase, Pancreatic amylase,
Ribonuclease, Sucrase, Salivary amylase
7.0-
8.0
3
Chymotrypsin, Enterokinase, Nucleosidases and Phosphatases
8.0-
9.0
3
Elastase, Pancreatic lipase, Trypsin
3. A bar graph is plotted to analyze the maximum and minimum of the number of enzymes with respect to the pH value which
is optimum for them.Comparing the abovementioned chart to the following pre-examined data.
Table 1.3
Digestive System Segment
pH
Percentage of Digestion
Component
digested
Mouth
6.2
-7.6
30
Starch
Stomach
1.5
-4.0
12.5
Proteins
Stomach
1.5
-4.0
30
Fats
Small intestine
(duodenum)
6.0
-7.4
87.5
Proteins
Small intestine
7.0
-9.0
70
Carbohydrates
Small intestine
7.0
-9.0
70
Fats
7
Observations:
1. The maximum number of enzymes are active at a pH of 6-7 which corresponds slightly acidic pH.
2. Approximately equal number of enzymes are active at a pH of 7-8, 8-9, 5-6.
3. Few enzymes work at a pH of 4-5 and fewest at 1-2.
Conclusions:
1. Corresponding to observation (1) it can be concluded that an ample of the digestive process occurs at a pH of 6-7 and ,
corresponding to Table 1.2, Aminopeptidase, Dipeptidase, lactase, Maltase, Pancreatic amylase, Ribonuclease, Sucrase,
Salivary amylase are the major enzymes working to split ingested food into simple absorbable forms. These include,
proteolytic, amylases and RNAses. This mean that maximum digestion must take place in the small intestine, more
importantly, the duodenum region. All major components including carbohydrates, proteins and lipids are digested here.
2. Slightly alkaline and slightly acidic conditions favours- Carboxypeptidase, Deoxyribonuclease, Lingual lipase,
Chymotrypsin, Enterokinase, Elastase, Pancreatic lipase, Trypsin Nucleosidases and Phosphatases. These enzymes are
responsible for breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids. These enzymes total up to nine. According to Table 1.3, these
enzymes must be located in small intestines. Yet, another fact which indicates that small intestines must be the organ where
extensive digestive process occurs.
3. At the very extremes of the pH scale lies pepsin which works at a pH of 1-2, and such pH is only available in the stomach
due to the presence of hydrochloric acid. Enzymes working under pH 4.0 – 5.0 include- Gastric lipase and Alpha dextrinase.
Gastric lipase is secreted in stomach and alpha dextrinase must be present at the junction of stomach and duodenum due to
intermediate pH of what stomach and duodenum offers.
References:
1.
https://www.foodenzymeinstitute.com/content/Digestion-in-the-
Stomach.aspx#:~:text=Nothing%20could%20be%20further%20from,acid%20to%20maintain%20that%20pH
.
2. [Effects of temperature and pH on digestive enzymes activities in Whitmaniapigra]
Hong-zhuan Shi
1
,
Qiao-sheng Guo
,
Zai-
biao Zhu
,
Ting-ting Hu
,
Shuai-wen Zhang
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: