Исследовательская работа по иностранному языку: «Edvard Grieg» студентка 4 курса специальности «Хоровое дирижирование»
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- Бұл бет үшін навигация:
- Henrik Ibsen
- Halfdan Kjerulf
- Chopin
- Late Romantic and Modernist
- Norwegian Folk Song
- Carl Nielsen
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ГБПОУ «Брянский областной колледж искусств» Исследовательская работа по иностранному языку: «Edvard Grieg» Выполнила: студентка 4 курса специальности «Хоровое дирижирование» Пальникова Елизавета Николаевна Проверила: преподаватель иностранных языков Васюкова О.С. Дата ______ отметка ______ Брянск, 2023 The main issues of the research: Century. Historical and social events at this time. The influence of historical events on music at this time: trends and musicians. Creative biography of the composer. The style of composing. Analysis of a piece of music. The contribution to the musical heritage. The impression of his works. References. Wordlist. Edvard Grieg (1843 – 1907) Edvard Hagerup Grieg - Norwegian composer, pianist, conductor, public figure. Grieg was born in Bergen, Norway in 1843. Edvard Grieg is a Norwegian composer whose creative heritage is remarkable for its national character. He cultivated his talent under the sensitive guidance of his mother, and then other famous musicians. Fate gave him many acquaintances with the best people of that time, and he took a worthy place next to them in the history of world and Scandinavian culture. [7] Edward's creative and personal life was closely connected with difficult obstacles, but Grieg did not retreat a single step from his goal. And his patience was rewarded with the loud glory of the brightest representative of the Norwegian musical tradition. But Grieg was modest, preferring the secluded enjoyment of nature and music in an estate not far from his birthplace. [7] Norway in the 19th century In an atmosphere of great public upsurge, the worldview and creativity of Grieg was formed. Norway was going through a difficult period of development. Economically weaker, it was subordinate to Denmark (from the 16th to the beginning of the 19th century), then to Sweden (in the 19th century). [9] After a long cultural stagnation since the middle of the 19th century, Norway entered a period of unification of the democratic forces of the country, an increased growth of national self-consciousness. The political union with Sweden fettered the possibilities of socio-economic development. The deaf, hidden struggle took on more and more obvious forms, leading to an acute conflict in the 80s, but only in 1905 Norway was finally freed from foreign political oppression. [9] The struggle to strengthen the foundations of native culture proceeded hard. Danish rule, which lasted for several centuries, left its mark on her. The influence of Denmark suppressed the development of the national language, literature and art. Only in 1848-1850, the works of Ivar Osen created a Norwegian grammar and dictionary, which contributed to the transformation of the national language into a literary one. However, several decades later, the great Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen still had to argue with publishers about the spelling of certain words, fight against their Danish transcription. Only in 1885 was Norwegian recognized as the official language of the nation. [9] The patriotic upsurge of the national liberation movement affected all areas of culture, contributing to the promotion of major figures in poetry (Henrik Wergeland), painting (Adolf Tiedemann), historical science (Peter Andreas Munch), etc. Norwegian literature is experiencing a remarkable heyday, producing the largest playwrights – Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906) and Bjornstjerne Bjornson (1832-1910). [9] Music also did not remain aloof from this great cultural movement associated with the awakening of national consciousness. Ludwig Matthias Linnemann (1812-1887) has been doing a lot of work since the 1950s on collecting Norwegian folk vocal and instrumental melodies. [9] «Paganini of the North» and other no less talented Grieg’s contemporaries The famous violinist Ole Bull (1810-1880), nicknamed the "Paganini of the North", in the words of Grieg, was "the first to emphasize the importance of the Norwegian folk song for national music." Thanks to the efforts of Bull, the musical life of Norway was revived both in the performing and creative spheres. Halfdan Kjerulf (1815-1863) is nominated as the author of numerous romances. Passionate patriotism distinguishes the activities of the gifted, early deceased Rikard Nurdrok (1842-1866) - he is the author of the music for the national anthem of Norway. And along with Grieg, but inferior to him in artistic originality, Juhan Severin Swensen (1840-1911) actively manifests himself in various areas of musical creativity; his legacy includes two symphonies, four Norwegian Rhapsodies, the frequently performed Romance for violin and orchestra, chamber and instrumental compositions. The prolific Christian Sinding (1856-1941; opera The Sacred Mountain, four symphonies, songs, choirs, etc.) is also popular. [9] Creative biography of the composer Edvard Grieg began his creative biography as a student. He became the author of four pieces for piano and the same number of romances. They clearly trace the notes of the works of famous composers – Mendelssohn, Schumann and Schubert. [2] Edvard left the conservatory in 1862 with a red diploma. According to mentors and professors, Grieg was one of the most talented and outstanding pianists, he had his own expressive style of performance. They predicted a great future for him in the musical field. Immediately after graduation, Edvard gave his first concert in Sweden, but he was not going to live in this country, he was attracted to his hometown of Bergen. However, on arrival, the young man was frankly bored - the musical culture of his native city was at a very low level. Then Edvard moved to Copenhagen, which at that time was considered a trendsetter in musical fashion. It was during those years that the composer wrote six pieces for pianoforte, which he combined into a collection called Poetic Pictures. Critics gave a positive assessment to the works, noting the presence of national color in them. [2] In 1864, Grieg and several other musicians founded the Euterp musical community, which began to promote the work of Scandinavian composers to the masses. Edvard works tirelessly, he writes "Humoresques" for piano, then becomes the author of the First Violin Sonata and an overture called "Autumn". At that time, the musician had already managed to get married and went with his wife to Oslo, where he was called the conductor of the Philharmonic. These years were the most eventful in the composer's biography – the first notebook of Lyric Pieces, the Second Violin Sonata and the cycle called "25 Norwegian Folk Songs and Dances" are published. At the same time, the Norwegian writer, Nobel Prize winner Bjornstjerne Bjornson, appeared among his acquaintances, who inspired Grieg to write the play Sigurd the Crusader in 1872. [2] In 1870 Grieg and Franz Liszt met. The famous composer was delighted after listening to Edvard's First Violin Sonata and admired the talent of the Norwegian composer for a long time. For Grieg, this support proved invaluable. In the 1870s, Edvard received support from the Norwegian government in the form of a lifetime scholarship from the state, so statesmen decided to celebrate his contribution to the development of national culture. At the same time, the composer met Henrik Ibsen, a poet whose work he had loved since childhood. Grieg became the author of music for Ibsen's drama Peer Gynt, which was later called the most famous of all the composer's overtures. After its premiere in 1876, Edvard gained worldwide fame. [2] Grieg returned to his hometown at the peak of fame and universal love. In addition, he was also quite wealthy. Edvard chose Villa Trollhaugen to live in, where he did what he loved until his death. Inspired by native landscapes and folklore, he writes his masterpieces – "Kobold", "Procession of the Dwarves", "Song of Solveig", and much more. One of his works – "Morning", the composer gave a young girl Dagny Pedersen, the daughter of a local forester. In the 20th century, the Warner Bros. film company from the United States often voiced its cartoons with this melody. Grieg corresponded with numerous friends, and in his messages he admired the majestic nature of his native land, and the music created in those years can be safely called a hymn to the forests and rivers of his native Norway. [2] Edvard did not lead a reclusive life, he often travels to Europe, performs with concerts that gather full halls of music lovers. He could sit down at the piano himself, take the place of the conductor, or act as an accompanist to his wife. In those years, he released dozens of collections, which included his romances and songs. However, he invariably returned to his "Trollhaugen", which became the most beloved place on earth. [2] In 1888, during his stay in Leipzig, Grieg met the Russian composer Pyotr Tchaikovsky. Subsequently, they became real friends and collaborated a lot. Tchaikovsky wrote an overture called "Hamlet" in honor of Grieg, dedicated several pages to him in his memoirs. In the 90s, both musicians were awarded the title of Doctor of Cambridge. Long before that, Edvard was accepted as a member of the Academy of Fine Arts in France, the University of Leiden and the Swedish Royal Academy. In 1905, Grieg published his autobiographical novel "My First Success", and readers were able to make sure that he had another talent - literary. He easily and humorously described his life and the path that led him to the musical Olympus. [2] Edvard did not stop working until his death. In 1907, the composer undertook a tour, visited Germany, Denmark, and gave concerts in his native Norway. He didn't expect this tour to be a farewell tour. [2] Characteristic of the style and genre of the musician Edvard Grieg's music had synergies with Chopin's since he concentrated mainly on the piano. His Lyric Pieces for piano are all fairly short and reminiscent of Mendelssohn's Songs Without Words, and he has been labelled a "miniaturist" due to his affinity for short pieces rather than large-scale works. Indeed Grieg attempted to write a Symphony at one stage but did not complete it. The Piano Concerto is one of his largest works and is often compared to and recorded with Schumann's Piano Concerto which is in the same key of A minor. Like Schumann, Grieg's music sets out to be attractive and balanced rather than powerful with big dramatic statements in the German tradition, and his songs show his essentially romantic nature. [8] His style was firmly traditional being rooted in melody and structure, while some of his contemporaries were moving towards the Late Romantic and Modernist periods, though this may be due in part to the fact that he wrote his most famous music as a young man. Nevertheless Grieg's music is full of unusual harmonic inventions so he did help to push classical music in new directions. The other main factor within Grieg's music is his use of Norwegian Folk Song, occasionally existing melodies but usually original themes strongly based on the style of his local folk traditions. In this respect his music mirrored Dvořak's use of Czech folk styles and other "nationalistic" composers from various countries, and paved the way for the later Scandanavian composers Carl Nielsen from Denmark and Jean Sibelius from Finland. The lyrical and programmatic nature of Grieg's music was also to influence some of the French impressionist composers such as Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel. [8] List of musical compositions (selected compositions) [3] Piano Sonata in E minor, op. 7 (1865) Sonata No. 1 for violin and piano in F major, op. 8 (1865) In Autumn, for piano four hands, op. 11, also for orchestra (1866) Lyric pieces, for piano Sonata No. 2 for violin and piano in G major, op. 13 (1867) Concerto for piano and orchestra, op. 16 (1868) Sigurd the Crusader, op. 22, music for a play by Bjornstjerne Bjornson (1872) Peer Gynt, op. 23, music for a play by Henrik Ibsen (1875) String Quartet in G minor, op. 27 (1877-1878) Norwegian Dances for piano 4 hands, op. 35, also for orchestra (1881) Sonata for cello and piano, op. 36 (1882) Sonata No. 3 for violin and piano in C minor, op. 45 (1886-1887) Symphonic Dances, op. 64 (1898) Songs and romances for voice and piano (about 130 in total), including the songs “I Love You” (Jeg elsker dig, op. 5 No. 4) and “The Hut” (Hytten, op. 18 No. 7; both - to text X K. Andersen). Analysis of a piece of music жүктеу/скачать 45.07 Kb. 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