A linguist's definition of grammar is
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A grammarian's definition of grammar is
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a system or the "blueprints" for creating language
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the written rules governing when to use which forms or structures
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the shared rules (patterns) in native speakers' minds that allow them to generate unique utterances; native speakers' shared mental rules
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something you follow in order to use the language correctly
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there are different grammars shared by
different groups of speakers; because all
languages and variations are systematic in their generation of utterances; all grammars are viewed as valid
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that one particular variety of grammar is considered the "standard"
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descriptive
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prescriptive
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A linguist's purpose in examining grammar is to
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A grammarian's purpose in examining grammar is to
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understand the mental or subconscious
rules shared by different groups of native speakers. These rules are learned as part of the process of growing up as a native speaker of a given language.
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focus on discrete items and specific rules of use ("usage rules").
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describe the system and blueprints.
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determine what word, phrase or construction is or is not correct according to a particular usage or style book, or person (usually self- appointed "language mavens" or "language gurus").
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understand the shared elements (rules) that make variations still belong to one language versus another different language; i.e. what makes English not German or Chinese.
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determine grammar "rules" which must often be taught. These rules often exist on a continuum of acceptability because language - changes and some usage or style books, or language gurus are more reluctant to accept change than others.
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learn which variations are used by which
groups and in which situations.
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debate what must be used when and why based on what a particular usage or style book, or person determines is correct.
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understand which variations are less acceptable or stigmatized in which situations and why.
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learn which changes are taking place and
why.
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