М инистерство образования и науки


REPORT Модель темпоральной референции Г.Райхенбаха. (Рaйхенбах Г. Философия пространства и времени. – М.: Прогресс, 1985. – 344 с.) 14. VOICE



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REPORT
Модель темпоральной референции Г.Райхенбаха. (Рaйхенбах Г. Философия пространства и времени. – М.: Прогресс, 1985. – 344 с.)

14. VOICE


The problems for discussion
1. The categorial meaning of voice.
2. The peculiarities of voice as a category.
3. Opposition of active and passive forms of the verb.
4. Non-passivized verbs.
5. The problem of “medial” voice types.
6. Homonymy of the passive constructions and the predicative use of
Participle II with link verbs.
7. The category of voice in English and Russian.


Key terms: voice, the agent (the subject, the doer of the action), the patient (the object, the receiver of the action, the experiencer), deep semantic structure, surface syntactic structure, active voice, passive voice, semantic emphasis, speaker's perception (subjective evaluation), (non-) passivized verbs, “medial” voice types, reflexive voice meaning, reciprocal voice meaning, middle voice meaning, contextual stimulators, “semi-passive” (“pseudo-passive”) constructions


I. Comment on the use of the passive verb forms. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. He worked from 8 a. m. to 8 p. m. every day and was delighted if he was given week-end work. (Walsh). 2. We were welcomed by a very civil woman in a white apron. (Dick­ens). 3. He was paid by the Commercial Television Stock Company. (Aldridge). 4. He can have food in, too; but he is not allowed to smoke. (Gals­worthy).5. "Can these bumps smash the plane?" — "Only if the plane has not been looked after and periodically checked." (Aldridge). 6. The maid Smither, ... was spoken of as "Smither — a good girl — but so slow!" ... (Galsworthy). 7. He wouldn't like it to be talked about, I'm sure. 8. I learned from Steerforth that I had been sent for. (Dickens). 9.The wonderful charm of it [the boat] was that it... had never been intended to be lived in on dry land. (Dickens). 10. "I've been told something about her..." (Cronin). 11.... I was certainly shown the way to a destination quite differ­ent from one I had in mind for myself at that' time. (Braine). 12. He said in English, "I'm so sorry I had to ask you to come." "I wasn't asked. I was ordered." (Greene). 13. "Look, Max," she would have said, "look what we've been sent." (Du Maurier). 14. "... all we assistants think our salary percentage payments to you unfair... I — I'm going to propose they are done away with." (Cronin). 15. Their conference was put an end to by the anxious young lover himself. (Austen). 16. Who wants to be foretold the weather? (Jerome). 17. ... they were marched off to the nursery. (Mansfield). 18. "... I am not going to be talked to like this." (Bennett). 19. "...ask Peggotty if I didn't do very well when I wasn't inter­fered with!" (Dickens).




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