Министерство высшего и среднего специального образования республики
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Нематжонова Н.Б. преподаватель ФерГУ ANALYSIS OF THE WORK "THE ALCHEMIST" BY PAULO COELHO Modern literature is largely heterogeneous and ambiguous, multifaceted and contradictory. The field of fiction, on the one hand, was filled with cheap detective stories and romance novels - the so-called tabloid, entertaining literature. It does not require thoughtful reading, as a rule, it is characterized by extremely simple language and an uncomplicated, but fascinating plot. The modern pace of human life, the ever-accelerating scientific and technological process inevitably leads to the fact that the spiritual sphere of a person is sandwiched between the transience of time and the latest technical thought. A person withdraws into himself, plunges into his ego and cognizes the world that machines are not allowed to explore. There is a spiritual exhaustion of a person, because literature, being from the outside, does not penetrate inside. On the other hand, this is the beginning of the formation of a new literature, and this process partly pushes the boundaries of art. The work of the Brazilian writer Paulo Coelho is a prime example of this. The first acquaintance with his prose is, as it were, the aroma of a distant era, something stunning not with its expressiveness, but with the power of feeling a wonderful and unforgettable world. Here everything is filled with warmth and light, even the description of a psychiatric hospital gives us hope and a desire to live. It is amazing how the works of this Brazilian writer are not similar to each other and at the same time they are connected together by the theme of fate. Like fragments of one mirror, they reflect in themselves its different sides. It is difficult to find a writer who would not touch upon this issue in his work. "To achieve the realization of one's destiny is the only true duty of a person," - says the writer. Coelho only offers his opinion for discussion. Despite the fact that his books make a strong impression on us, they are generally neutral. The author does not teach us, but shows the paths that arise before each person. The poetic philosophy of Coel's prose will seem strange to the modern reader. First of all, it should be noted that the philosophical meaning underlies the narrative. Reality is inseparable from it and psychology, together they represent a unity that cannot be broken in any way. Coelho does not delve into the psychology of the hero. The entire burden of information about him falls on the surrounding objects. Thus, the inner world of the hero is not analyzed by the writer, but collected by the reader himself. But these particles cannot be considered as symbols. The reader does not think about it, but intuitively feels their essence. The absence of symbols as such makes Coelho's prose light, transparent and poetic. 465 The writer seems to create a long corridor: the subject moves away from us so that we must complete its perspective in our minds and find the truth that will be different for each person. Coelho does not set any boundaries. Reality is limitless. Philosophical meaning surrounds an object that does not sink and is not lost in the world of its philosophical meanings and in our sensations. For this reason, logic is unacceptable to Coelho's prose. Everything is based on intuition, on how this piece feels. It should also be noted that these narratives are small, extremely short and capacious. So, from all of the above, we can draw the following conclusions about the expansion of the boundaries of literature by the prose of P. Coelho. The connection between reality and its philosophical meaning is a strong and multifaceted phenomenon for modern literature. Coelho's prose, as well as the works of R. Bach, show an approach to a qualitatively new literature. What will she be? What boundaries will she erect, so that they will then be destroyed by the next wave? Art has always been characterized by cyclicity: rise follows decline, and each time it takes on new forms. Therefore, is it worth judging what boundaries exist within it ... Why do not all desires and dreams come true? There are four obstacles to this. The first is that a person is taught from early childhood that what he most desires in life is simply not feasible. With this thought, he grows up, and with each passing year, his soul becomes more and more overgrown with a scab of numerous prejudices and fears, overflowing with guilt. And one day there comes a moment when the desire to follow Your Destiny is buried under the weight of this burden, and then it begins to seem to a person that he has finally lost the sense of his highest destiny. Although in fact it, of course, still lives in his soul. If a person still has the courage to extract his dream from the depths of the soul and not give up the struggle for its realization, the next test awaits him: love. He knows what he would like to achieve or experience in life, but he is afraid that if he gives up everything and follows his dream, he will thereby cause pain and suffering to his loved ones. This means that a person does not understand that love is not an obstacle, it does not interfere, but, on the contrary, helps to move forward. And the one who really wishes him well is always ready to meet him halfway, try to understand and support him along the way. When a person realizes that love is not an obstacle, but a help on the way, a third obstacle awaits him: the fear of failure and defeat. The one who fights for his dream suffers more than others when something doesn’t work out for him, because he has no right to resort to a well-known excuse like “well, okay, I didn’t really want to.” He just really wants to, and he realizes that everything is at stake. He is also aware that the path that is determined by His Fate is just as difficult as any other, with the only difference being that "there will be your heart." Therefore, the Warrior of Light must have the patience that is so necessary for him in difficult moments of life, and always remember that all The Universe helps to ensure that his desire comes true, even in the most incomprehensible way for him. Is defeat really necessary? Whether they are necessary or not, they happen. When a person is just starting to fight for his dreams and desires, he, due to inexperience, makes many mistakes. But that is the meaning of being, to fall seven times and get back on your feet eight times. In that case, you ask, why should we follow Our Destiny, if because of this we will have to suffer more than everyone else? 466 So, when a person has extracted his dream from the bottom of his soul and fed it for many years with the power of his love, not noticing the scars and scars left on his heart after a hard struggle for its realization, he suddenly begins to notice that what he has long desired is already very close and is about to come true - perhaps tomorrow. It is at this stage that the last obstacle awaits him: the fear of fulfilling the dream of his whole life. Of all four, this obstacle is the most insidious, since it is, as it were, fanned by a certain aura of holiness - a kind of renunciation of the joy of accomplishment and the fruits of victory. And only when a person realizes that he is worthy of what he so passionately fought for, he becomes an instrument in the hands of the Lord, and the meaning of his stay here on Earth is revealed to him. About everything about this, in a symbolic form, the novel "The Alchemist" narrates. Learn to look for signs and follow them. Remember: you always need to know exactly what you want. Never give up on your dreams. There is no need to be afraid of the unknown, because everyone is able to find what he wants, to receive what he needs. To promise what you do not possess is to risk the very right to possess. The Alchemist is read in one breath with the joy of recognition - the only thing that can be put as a minus (and you can, however, as a plus): excessive simplicity. It doesn't have the seven levels of meaning of, say, Sophia's parable, and at times it resembles a book in the How to Achieve Enlightenment in the Most Sure Way series. But what about the mystery that has always accompanied Tradition, - As for Tradition, there will be no secrets in the 21st century, - the author answered. Well, he knows better - he understands the Tradition better than me. However, this phrase is indicative of Coelho: he really crosses the liberal tradition with the esoteric tradition - and therefore easily condemns in an interview any fundamentalism and any revolution - including, probably, a conservative one. Today it is not very fashionable in Russia - but either you are chasing fashion, or you are following the path of spiritual quest. After reading "The Alchemist", I determined for myself the following phrases as key ones: 1. The future is revealed to man for one reason only: if what is destined must be changed; 2. “The secret of happiness is to see everything that is wonderful and glorious in the world, and never forget about two drops of oil in a teaspoon”; 3. He who interferes in another's Path will never pass his own; I realized what it means to listen to your heart. It seems to me that the main idea is contained in the phrase that, referring to the shepherd Santiago, King Melchizedek says: "When you desire something very much, the whole Universe helps you achieve it." жүктеу/скачать 7.64 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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