Noun: Dancing had not begun yet. – Танцы еще не начались. (b) by an infinitive



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The Gerund

RACTICE: the Gerund


Exercise 1. Define noun and verbal characteristics of the gerund.
1. It's natural living like this alone with Nature. 2. Keeping his secret won't do any harm. 3. All I want is getting to the truth. 4. He had great difficulty in undoing his collar. 5. He did not like the idea of her staying with her father's people in Capetown. 6. I don't feel comfortable at Miss Brown's leaving us so soon. 7. He was good at gather­ing mushrooms. 8. I kept walking quickly. 9. He was aware of Jack's watching him attentively. 10. Raymond did not like being called Ray. 11. It was some time before I remembered having met him on the Liston plane. 12. She smiled without showing her teeth.
Exercise 2. Use the indefinite gerund of the verb in brackets in the active or passive voice.
1. He looked forward to (to meet) his parents. 2. You can't be afraid of (to hurt) unless you've been hurt. 3. He took his time about (to answer). 4. Robinson could not live in the caves. They aren't for (to live). They're for (to go) through. 5. But in fear of (to recognize) she lowered her gaze. 6. So I see. You're good at (to make) yourself at home. 7. Jack would have gone to his bedroom without (to see). 8. My sister would never leave without (to see) me. 9. Jennie sat them up to their dinner, and Jeff presently stopped (to cry). 10. She couldn't help (to like) the look in his brown eyes. 11. He had got out of the habit of (to ask) ques­tions by demonstrators. 12. I've always liked (to take) risks. 13. I seem to remember (to tell) not to grumble by someone. 14. She had not even got round to (to ask) for anything yet, because she was too busy to tell him about her granddaughter. 15. At his departure Rose had continued to weep, largely through fury at (to leave) alone with Nurse Williams.
Exercise 3. Use the required form of the gerund of the verb in brackets.
A) 1. She didn't feel like (to go) unescorted into dinner, which would begin soon. 2. I inquired of Robinson that afternoon about my book. He neither admitted nor denied (to take) it. 3. Since Tom was his best friend he helped him without (to ask). 4. His latest desire was to dis­cover her age, which he cursed himself for not (to observe) when he had her passport in his, hands. 5. He could not help (to know) that there were odious people who called him a snob. 6. Daisy and Gatsby danced. I remember (to be) surprised by his graceful, conservative fox-trot - I had never seen him dance before. 7. When they had finished (to write) the letter they read the whole correspondence from beginning to end. 8. He would never forgive her for (to play) this game, for over fifty years. 9. He poured milk into a jug from a carton in the refrigerator, then drank some milk himself before (to put) the carton back. 10. It's no good (to deny) that. 11. Try and help the nurses by (to keep) quiet and tidy. 12. From there he had a clear view of the entrance to the room, with the advantage that he could avoid (to observe) himself by (to run) quickly out of sight through the stairway door. 13. The tables were put on one side so that there might be room for (to dance). 14. I don't like (to spy) on. 15. Annette, who heard thousands of names mentioned every year, and had a deplorable memory, could recall (to hear) the name of Fox in connection with something or other, but could not remember exactly what. 16. The porter, also on (to enter), would have tapped out his own code. 17. He suddenly stopped (to read). There was no point in (to go) on. He looked up and found forty pairs of eyes fixed on him intently. 18. You must excuse me for (to think) you were a gipsy.

      1. 1. Stark sat down without (to speak). 2. He did not go without (to congratulate) by Amy. 3. After (to shave) more closely than usual and (to brush) his hair, he took the bus uptown. 4. At South Square, on (to discover) that Michael and Fleur were out, he did not dress for dinner, but went to the nursery. 5. I had to sound as if I didn't mind (to insult), as though I had no temper of my own. 6. She kept on (to talk), her voice low and controlled. 7. In the morning light, she was ashamed of herself for (so… to elate) the night before. 8. The house wanted (to do up). 9. Even a criminal must be told the nature of his crime before (to convict). 10. She showed none of the usual feminine pleasure at (to be) hard to understand. 11. I still reproached myself for not (to be) open with Douglas Osbaldis­ton from the start, when he had invited me to do so. 12. No woman looks her best after (to sit) up all night. 13. His legs were somewhat stiff from not (to hike) or (to climb) for days. 14. I'm tired of (to treat) like a silly fat lamb. 15. I know everyone who's worth (to know).

      2. 1. After (to say) this, he cursed himself for ( not to say) the opposite, so that he might have used the expected guest as a lever to get rid of Misha. 2. There is vivid happiness in merely (to be) alive. 3. "Your tie needs (to straighten),” Mrs. Simpson said. 4. The attempt is at least worth (to make). 5. Mr. Creak1e then caned Tommy Traddles for (to discover) in tears, instead of cheers, on account of Mr. Mell's departure. 6. He apologized to Hooker for (to be down) so late. 7. One could not walk or drive about Philadelphia without (to see) and (to impress) with the general tendency toward a more cultivated and selective social life. 8. I just couldn't stand (to be) away from you any longer. 9. I remember (to see) him with her and Marner going away from church. 10. When I told him that I meant to live in Paris for a while, and had taken an apartment, he reproached me bitterly for not (to let) him know. 11. He had a flat smooth face with heavy-lidded green eyes that gave the impression of (to set) at a slant. 12. His latest craze was to discover her age, which he cursed himself for not (to observe) when he had her passport in his hands 13. Let me tell you whose house you've come into without (to ask) or (to want). 14. I'm tired of (to talk) to you. 15. They soon discovered that the gate was securely locked. They looked at one another in a mixed fashion, a trifle disappointed at(to hold up), but still triumphant at (to find) the place.



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