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5.3 Read and translate the text
Weather and Сlimate
Climatology is concerned with the prevailing
state of the atmosphere, including
average climatic values, the frequency of values within stated ranges, weather types
and
their characteristics, and the explanation and distribution of both climatic
elements and general climatic types. Of particular geographic interest are the
interrelationships of climatic elements and types with other physical and biologic
features and with human activity.
The conditions of the atmosphere which determine an area's
weather or climate
are temperature, precipitation (rain and snow), atmospheric pressure, winds, humidity
and percentage of cloudiness and sunshine. The average of these conditions over a
period of many years make up an area's climate. Tropical climate reigns over 36.2 per
cent of the earth’s surface, moderate – over 37.2
per cent, cold – over 18.8 per cent,
dry – over 10.5 per cent, snow-bound climate – 7.3 per cent.
Because the combination of climatic conditions differs from place to place,
geography is concerned with the classification of areas according to climate.
Forests
are commonly found where the climate is humid and not too cold for trees to grow.
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