Перескажите текст 2А "Rural and agricultural land use

The planning process should be based on the cadastral survey of 
land resources. The present situation must be taken into consideration. 
The land use planner is to decide what needs should be changed and 
how can the changes be made. He is also to find out which is the best 
option and how far is the plan succeeded. 
This progression of questions has led to the formulation of a guide 
to land use planning – the planning cycle. 
Land use planning is implemented at the national, regional or local 
level. At the national level land use policy is balanced upon the com-
peting demands for land among different sectors of the economy –
food production, export crops, wildlife conservation, housing and pub-
lic amenities, roads, industry. 
National development plans and budget must be taken into consid-
eration as well as project identification and the allocation of resources 
for development. Sectoral agencies involved in land use must be co-
ordinated. Legislation on such subjects as land tenure, forest clearance 
and water rights should be worked out by all means. 
Regional level includes such siting of new developments as settle-
ments, forest plantations and irrigation schemes. The need for im-
proved infrastructure such as water supply, roads and marketing facili-
ties is one of the main problems of this cycle. The development of 
management guidelines for improved kinds of land use on each type 
of land is also necessary. 
Land use planning is oriented to local conditions in terms of both 
method and content. Planning approaches often fail because global 
models and implementation strategies are applied and taken over au-
tomatically and uncritically. But land use planning is not a standard-
ized procedure which is uniform in its application world-wide. Its con-
tent is based on an initial regional or local situation analysis.
Local level provides the layout of drainage, irrigation and soil con-
servation work as well as the siting of specific crops on suitable lands.

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