Псоріаз, включаючи псоріатичні артропатії адаптована клінічна настанова, заснована на доказах

SIGN хотів би також подякувати пані Ангелу Стадер за її внесок у якості доповідача на національному відкритому засіданні. SIGN дякує д-ру Аннемарі ван Гелсум, пану Мюррею Беллу і пану Девіду Скотту з ІСД, NHS Національного проекту Шотландії, за надання даних про псоріаз / ПА в закладах первинної медико-санітарної допомоги Шотландії. Дякуємо д-ру Сьюзен Майлс і міс Хільді Іменго з NHS QIS за аналіз та інтерпретацію даних про псоріаз / ПА в первинній ланці охорони здоров'я в Шотландії.

11.4. КОНСУЛЬТАЦІЇ ТА ЕКСПЕРТНА ОЦІНКА

Національна відкрита нарада є основним консультативним заходом під час розробки настанов SIGN, в яких група з розробки настанови представляє свої проекти рекомендацій для першого обговорення. Національна відкрита нарада для цієї настанови відбулася 1 жовтня 2009 року, у ній взяли участь 157 представників усіх ключових спеціальностей, що мають відношення до проблеми, та представники громадськості. Цей проект був також доступний на веб-сайті SIGN протягом обмеженого періоду, щоб учасники, відсутні на засіданні, змогли зробити свій внесок у розробку настанови.

11.4.2. РЕЦЕНЗІЇ ФАХІВЦІВ

Проект цієї настанови також о отримав відгуки від наступних незалежних експертів, яким було запропоновано прокоментувати в першу чергу повноту і точність інтерпретації доказової бази, що підтримує рекомендації, які містяться в настанові. ГРН зверталась до кожного коментаря, зробленого зовнішнім рецензентом, і повинна була виправдати будь-яку незгоду із зауваженнями рецензентів.

SIGN дуже вдячний всім цим експертам за їх внесок у настанову.

11.4.3 РЕДАКЦІЙНА ГРУПА SIGN

Д-р Сара Твадл Директор SIGN; співредактор

Д-р Роберта Джеймс Директор з Програми SIGN

Пані Беатріс Кант Менеджер програми, SIGN

Доктор Ніл Гайндман RCGP-Шотландія

1. Griffiths CE, Barker JN. Pathogenesis and clinical features of psoriasis. Lancet 2007;370(9583):263-71.

2. Reich K, Kruger K, Mossner R, Augustin M. Epidemiology and clinical pattern of psoriatic arthritis in Germany: a prospective interdisciplinary epidemiological study of 1511 patients with plaque-type psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2009;160:1040-7.

3. Menter A, Griffiths CE. Current and future management of psoriasis. Lancet 2007;370(9583):272-84.

4. Rapp SR, Feldman SR, Exum ML, Fleischer AB, Jr., Reboussin DM. Psoriasis causes as much disability as other major medical diseases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;41(3 Pt 1):401-7.

5. Gelfand JM, Troxel AB, Lewis JD, Kurd SK, Shin DB, Wang X, et al. The risk of mortality in patients with psoriasis: results from a population-based study. Arch Dermatol 2007;143(12):1493-9.

6. Ginsburg IH, Link BG. Feelings of stigmatization in patients with psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;20(1):53-63.

7. Mease PJ, Menter MA. Quality-of-life issues in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: outcome measures and therapies from a dermatological perspective. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;54(4):685-704.

8. Scottish Skincare Conditions Industry Group. Skincare Conditions in Scotland: What the healthcare professionals think. 2008. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.abpi.org.uk/Scotland/ pdf/SSCIGSurveyFinalReportOct08.pdf

9. Eedy D, Burge S, Potter J, Ingham J, Lowe D. An audit of the provision of dermatology services in secondary care in the United Kingdom with a focus on the care of people with psoriasis. British Association of Dermatologists; 2008. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.bad.org.uk/Portals/_Bad/Audits/BAD%20 Psoriasis%20Audit%2018.02.08.pdf

10. Stern RS, Nijsten T, Feldman SR, Margolis DJ, Rolstad T. Psoriasis is common, carries a substantial burden even when not extensive, and is associated with widespread treatment dissatisfaction. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2004;9(2):136-9.

11. Horne R, J. W, Barber N, R. E, Morgan M, Cribb A, et al. Concordance, adherence and compliance in medicine taking. London: National Co-ordinating Centre for NHS Service Delivery and Organisation R&D (NCCSDO); 2005. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.medslearning.leeds.ac.uk/pages/ documents/useful_docs/76-final-report%5B1%5D.pdf

12. Kaufman G, Birks Y. Strategies to improve patients’ adherence to medication. Nurs Stand 2009;23(49):51-7.

13. British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. British National Formulary. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: www.bnf.org

14. Guidance on prescribing. In: British National Formulary No. 60. London: British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain; 2010.

15. Gladman DD, Antoni C, Mease P, Clegg DO, Nash O. Psoriatic arthritis: Epidemiology, clinical features, course, and outcome. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64(SUPPL. 2):ii14-7.

16. Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Brandt J, Burgos-Vagas R, Collantes-Estevez E, et al. New criteria for inflammatory back pain in patients with chronic back pain: a real patient exercise by experts from the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS). Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68(6):784-8.

17. Kane D, Stafford L, Bresnihan B, Fitzgerald O. A prospective, clinical and radiological study of early psoriatic arthritis: an early synovitis clinic experience. Rheumatology 2003;42(12):1460-8.

18. Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Ritchlin CT, Ruderman EM, Steinfeld SD, Choy EH, et al. Adalimumab for the treatment of patients with moderately to severely active psoriatic arthritis: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52(10):3279-89.

19. Mease PJ, Kivitz AJ, Burch FX, Siegel EL, Cohen SB, Ory P, et al. Etanercept treatment of psoriatic arthritis: safety, efficacy, and effect on disease progression. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50(7):2264-72.

20. Taylor W, Gladman D, Helliwell P, Marchesoni A, Mease P, Mielants H. Classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis: Development of new criteria from a large international study. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54(8):2665-73.

21. Gulliver W. Long-term prognosis in patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(Suppl. 2):2-9.

22. Kimball AB, Gladman D, Gelfand JM, Gordon K, Horn EJ, Korman NJ, et al. National Psoriasis Foundation clinical consensus on psoriasis comorbidities and recommendations for screening. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008;58(6):1031-42.

23. Ibrahim G, Buch M, Lawson C, Waxman R, Helliwell PS. Evaluation of an existing screening tool for psoriatic arthritis in people with psoriasis and development of a new instrument: the Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST) questionnaire. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2009;27(3):469-74.

24. Husni ME, Meyer KH, Cohen DS, Mody E, Qureshi AA. The PASE questionnaire: pilot-testing a psoriatic arthritis screening and evaluation tool. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;57(4):581-7.

25. Gladman D, Schentag C, Tom B, Chandran V, Brockbank J, Rosen C, et al. Development and initial validation of a screening questionnaire for psoriatic arthritis: The Toronto Psoriatic Arthritis Screen (ToPAS). Ann Rheum Dis 2008;68(4):497-501.

26. Alenius GM, Berglin E, Rantapaa Dahlqvist S. Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) in psoriatic patients with or without joint inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 2006;65(3):398-400.

27. Candia L, Marquez J, Gonzalez C, Santos AM, Londono J, Valle R, et al. Low frequency of anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in psoriatic arthritis but not in cutaneous psoriasis. J Clin Rheumatol 2006;12(5):226-9.

28. Dreiher J, Weitzman D, Davidovici B, Shapiro J, Cohen AD. Psoriasis and dyslipidaemia: A population-based study. Acta Derm Venereol 2008;88(6):561-5.

29. Gelfand JM, Neimann AL, Shin DB, Wang X, Margolis DJ, Troxel AB. Risk of myocardial infarction in patients with psoriasis. JAMA 2006;296(14):1735-41.

30. Kaye JA, Li L, Jick SS. Incidence of risk factors for myocardial infarction and other vascular diseases in patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(4):895-902.

31. Neimann AL, Shin DB, Wang X, Margolis DJ, Troxel AB, Gelfand JM. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006;55(5):829-35.

32. Huerta C, Rivero E, Rodriguez LA. Incidence and risk factors for psoriasis in the general population. Arch Dermatol 2007;143(12):1559-65.

33. Naldi L, Chatenoud L, Linder D, Belloni Fortina A, Peserico A, Virgili AR, et al. Cigarette smoking, body mass index, and stressful life events as risk factors for psoriasis: results from an Italian casecontrol study. J Invest Dermatol 2005;125(1):61-7.

34. Naldi L, Peli L, Parazzini F. Association of early-stage psoriasis with smoking and male alcohol consumption: evidence from an Italian case-control study. Arch Dermatol 1999;135(12):1479-84.

35. Poikolainen K, Reunala T, Karvonen J. Smoking, alcohol and life events related to psoriasis among women. Br J Dermatol 1994;130(4):473-7.

36. Setty AR, Curhan G, Choi HK. Smoking and the risk of psoriasis in women: Nurses’ Health Study II. Am J Med 2007;120(11):953-9.

37. W olk K, Mallbris L, Larsson P, Rosenblad A, Vingard E, Stahle M. Excessive body weight and smoking associates with a high risk of onset of plaque psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 2009;89(5):492-7.

38. Gottlieb AB, Chao C, Dann F. Psoriasis comorbidities. J Dermatolog Treat 2008;19(1):5-21.

39. Sommer DM, Jenisch S, Suchan M, Christophers E, Weichenthal M. Increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res 2006;298(7):321-8.

40. Mills CM, Srivastava ED, Harvey IM, Swift GL, Newcombe RG, Holt PJ, et al. Smoking habits in psoriasis: a case control study. Br J Dermatol 1992;127(1):18-21.

41. Higgins EM, Peters TJ, du Vivier AWP. Smoking, drinking and psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 1993;129:749-50.

42. Russo PA, Ilchef R, Cooper AJ. Psychiatric morbidity in psoriasis: a review. Australas J Dermatol 2004;45(3):155-9.

43. Kimball AB, Jacobson C, Weiss S, Vreeland MG, Wu Y. The psychosocial burden of psoriasis. Am J Clin Dermatol 2005;6(6):383-92.

44. de Korte J, Sprangers MA, Mombers FM, Bos JD. Quality of life in patients with psoriasis: a systematic literature review. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2004;9(2):140-7.

45. W ahl AK, Gjengedal E, Hanestad BR. The bodily suffering of living with severe psoriasis: In-depth interviews with 22 hospitalized patients with psoriasis. Qual Health Res 2002;12(2):250-61.

46. Fox FE, Rumsey N, Morris M. «Ur skin is the thing that everyone sees and you cant change it!»: Exploring the appearance-related concerns of young people with psoriasis. Dev Neurorehabil 2007;10(2):133-41.

47. Uttjek M, Nygren L, Stenberg B, Dufaker M. Marked by visibility of psoriasis in everyday life. Qual Health Res 2007;17(3):364-72.

48. National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health. Depression: The treatment and management of depression in adults. London: NICE; 2009. (NICE guideline CG90). [cited 17 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12329/45888/45888. Pdf

49. Gilbody S, Richards D, Barkham M. Diagnosing depression in primary care using self-completed instruments: UK validation of PHQ–9 and CORE–OM. Br J Gen Pract 2007;57(541):650-2.

50. Kirby B, Richards H, Woo P, Hindle E, Main CJ, Griffiths CE. Physical and psychologic measures are necessary to assess overall psoriasis severity. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;45(1):72-6.

51. Borman P, Toy GG, Babaoglu S, Bodur H, Ciliz D, Alli N. A comparative evaluation of quality of life and life satisfaction in patients with psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2007;26(3):330-4.

52. Finzi A, Colombo D, Caputo A, Andreassi L, Chimenti S, Vena G, et al. Psychological distress and coping strategies in patients with psoriasis: The PSYCHAE Study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2007;21(9):1161-9.

53. Fouere S, Adjadj L, Pawin H. How patients experience psoriasis: results from a European survey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2005;19(Suppl 3):2-6.

54. Richards HL, Fortune DG, Griffiths CEM, Main CJ. The contribution of perceptions of stigmatisation to disability in patients with psoriasis. J Psychosom Res 2001;50(1):11-5.

55. Y oung M. The psychological and social burdens of psoriasis. Dermatol Nurs 2005;17(1):15-9.

56. Idriss SZ, Kvedar JC, Watson AJ. The role of online support communities. Benefits of expanded social networks to patients with psoriasis. Arch Dermatol 2009;145(1):46-51.

57. Fortune DG, Richards HL, Kirby B, McElhone K, Markham T, Rogers S, et al. Psychological distress impairs clearance of psoriasis in patients treated with photochemotherapy. Arch Dermatol 2003;139(6):752-6.

58. V erhoeven EW, Kraaimaat FW, de Jong EM, Schalkwijk J, van de Kerkhof PC, Evers AW. Individual differences in the effect of daily stressors on psoriasis: a prospective study. Br J Dermatol 2009;161(2):295-9.

59. Rohekar S, Tom BD, Hassa A, Schentag CT, Farewell VT, Gladman DD. Prevalence of malignancy in psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2008;58(1):82-7.

60. Gelfand JM, Berlin J, Van Voorhees A, Margolis DJ. Lymphoma rates are low but increased in patients with psoriasis: results from a population-based cohort study in the United Kingdom. Arch Dermatol 2003;139(11):1425-9.

61. Hannuksela A, Pukkala E, Hannuksela M, Karvonen J. Cancer incidence among Finnish patients with psoriasis treated with trioxsalen bath ПУФА. J Am Acad Dermatol 1996;35(5 Pt 1):685-9.

62. Margolis D, Bilker W, Hennessy S, Vittorio C, Santanna J, Strom BL. The risk of malignancy associated with psoriasis. Arch Dermatol 2001;137(6):778-83.

63. Gelfand JM, Shin DB, Neimann AL, Wang X, Margolis DJ, Troxel AB. The risk of lymphoma in patients with psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2006;126(10):2194-201.

64. Stern RS. Lymphoma risk in psoriasis: Results of the ПУФА followup study. Arch Dermatol 2006;142(9):1132-5.

65. Stern RS, Vakeva LH, Bauer E, Koo J, Epstein JH, Wolf J, et al. Noncutaneous malignant tumors in the ПУФА follow-up study: 1975-1996. J Invest Dermatol 1997;108(6):897-900.

66. Lee FI, Bellary SV, Francis C. Increased occurrence of psoriasis in patients with Crohn‘s disease and their relatives. Am J Gastroenterol 1990;85(8):962-3.

67. Y ates VM, Watkinson G, Kelman A. Further evidence for an association between psoriasis, Crohn‘s disease and ulcerative colitis. Br J Dermatol 1982;106(3):323-30.

68. Dreiher J, Weitzman D, Shapiro J, Davidovici B, Cohen AD. Psoriasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case-control study. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(4):956-60.

69. Zeboulon N, Dougados M, Gossec L. Prevalence and characteristics of uveitis in the spondyloarthropathies: a systematic literature review. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67(7):955-9.

70. Ashcroft DM, Wan Po AL, Williams HC, Griffiths CE. Clinical measures of disease severity and outcome in psoriasis: a critical appraisal of their quality. Br J Dermatol 1999;141(2):185-91.

71. Finlay AY, Khan GK. Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)--a simple practical measure for routine clinical use. Clin Exp Dermatol 1994;19(3):210-6.

72. Basra MK, Fenech R, Gatt RM, Salek MS, Finlay AY. The Dermatology Life Quality Index 1994-2007: a comprehensive review of validation data and clinical results. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(5):997-1035.

73. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Etanercept and efalizumab for the treatment of adults with psoriasis. London: NICE; 2006. (NICE technology appraisal guidance 103). [cited 17 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/ live/11580/33376/33376.pdf

74. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Adalimumab for the treatment of adults with psoriasis. London: NICE; 2008. (NICE technology appraisal guidance 146). [cited 17 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/ TA146Guidance.pdf

75. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Infliximab for the treatment of adults with psoriasis. London: NICE; 2008. (NICE technology appraisal guidance 134). [cited 17 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/TA134Guidance.pdf

76. Gladman DD, Helliwell P, Mease PJ, Nash P, Ritchlin C, Taylor W. Assessment of patients with psoriatic arthritis: a review of currently available measures. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50(1):24-35.

77. Mease PJ, Antoni CE, Gladman DD, Taylor WJ. Psoriatic arthritis assessment tools in clinical trials. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64(Suppl 2):ii49-54.

78. Healy PJ, Helliwell PS. Psoriatic arthritis quality of life instrument: an assessment of sensitivity and response to change. J Rheumatol 2008;35(7):1359-61.

79. Garrett S, Jenkinson T, Kennedy LG, Whitelock H, Gaisford P, Calin A. A new approach to defining disease status in ankylosing spondylitis: the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index. J Rheumatol 1994;21(12):2286-91.

80. Calin A, Garrett S, Whitelock H, Kennedy LG, O’Hea J, Mallorie P, et al. A new approach to defining functional ability in ankylosing spondylitis: the development of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index. J Rheumatol 1994;21(12):2281-5.

81. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Etanercept and infliximab for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis. London: NICE; 2006. (NICE technology appraisal guidance104). [cited 17 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/ pdf/TA104guidance.pdf

82. British Society for Rheumatology. BSR guideline for prescribing TNFα blockers in adults with ankylosing spondylitis. London: British Society for Rheumatology; 2004. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.rheumatology.org.uk/includes/documents/ cm_docs/2009/p/prescribing_tnf_alpha_blockers_in_adults_with_ ankylosing_spondylitis.pdf

83. Mason AR, Mason J, Cork M, Dooley G, Edwards G. Topical treatments for chronic plaque psoriasis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 2.

84. Bruner CR, Feldman SR, Ventrapragada M, Fleischer Jr AB. A systematic review of adverse effects associated with topical treatments for psoriasis. Dermatol Online J 2003;9(1):2.

85. Goodfield M, Kownacki S, Berth-Jones J. Double-blind, randomised, multicentre, parallel group study comparing a 1% coal tar preparation (Exorex) with a 5% coal tar preparation (Alphosyl) in chronic plaque psoriasis. J Dermatolog Treat 2004;15(1):14-22.

86. Chalmers RJ, O’Sullivan T, Owen CM, Griffiths CE. A systematic review of treatments for guttate psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2001;145(6):891-4.

87. Andreassi L, Giannetti A, Milani M. Efficacy of betamethasone valerate mousse in comparison with standard therapies on scalp psoriasis: An open, multicentre, randomized, controlled, cross-over study on 241 patients. Br J Dermatol 2003;148(1):134-8.

88. Breneman DL, Davis M, Berger V, Chaney R. A double-blind trial comparing the efficacy and safety of augmented betamethasone dipropionate lotion with fluocinonide solution in the treatment of severe scalp psoriasis. J Dermatolog Treat 1992;3(1):19-21.

89. Ellis CN, Menter MA. A randomized, blinded comparison of amcinonide lotion and fluocinonide solution in patients with psoriasis of the scalp. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 1989;46(3):471-7.

90. Griffiths CEM, Finlay AY, Fleming CJ, Barker JNWN, Mizzi F, Arsonnaud S. A randomized, investigator-masked clinical evaluation of the efficacy and safety of clobetasol propionate 0.05% shampoo and tar blend 1% shampoo in the treatment of moderate to severe scalp psoriasis. J Dermatolog Treat 2006;17(2):90-5.

91. J emec GB, Ganslandt C, Ortonne JP, Poulin Y, Burden AD, de Unamuno P, et al. A new scalp formulation of calcipotriene plus betamethasone compared with its active ingredients and the vehicle in the treatment of scalp psoriasis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008;59(3):455-63.

92. Klaber MR, Hutchinson PE, Pedvis-Leftick A, Kragballe K, Reunala TL, Van de Kerkhof PC, et al. Comparative effects of calcipotriol solution (50 micrograms/ml) and betamethasone 17-valerate solution (1 mg/ml) in the treatment of scalp psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 1994;131(5):678-83.

93. Reygagne P, Mrowietz U, Decroix J, de Waard-van der Spek FB, Acebes LO, Figueiredo A, et al. Clobetasol propionate shampoo 0.05% and calcipotriol solution 0.005%: a randomized comparison of efficacy and safety in subjects with scalp psoriasis. J Dermatolog Treat 2005;16(1):31-6.

94. V an De Kerkhof PCM, Hoffmann V, Anstey A, Barnes L, Bolduc C, Reich K, et al. A new scalp formulation of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate compared with each of its active ingredients in the same vehicle for the treatment of scalp psoriasis: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2009;160(1):170-6.

95. Cassell S, Kavanaugh AF. Therapies for psoriatic nail disease. A systematic review. J Rheumatol 2006;33(7):1452-6.

96. Kalb RE, Bagel J, Korman NJ, Lebwohl MG, Young M, al e. Treatment of intertriginous psoriasis: From the Medical Board of the National Psoriasis Foundation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009;60(1):120-4.

97. Haynes RB, Ackloo E, Sahota N, McDonald HP, Yao X. Interventions for enhancing medication adherence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 2.

98. Carroll CL, Feldman SR, Camacho FT, Manuel JC, Balkrishnan R. Adherence to topical therapy decreases during the course of an 8-week psoriasis clinical trial: commonly used methods of measuring adherence to topical therapy overestimate actual use. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;51(2):212-6.

99. Y entzer BA, Yelverton CB, Pearce DJ, Camacho FT, Makhzoumi Z, Clark A, et al. Adherence to acitretin and home narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in patients with psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008;59(4):577-81.

100. Storm A, Benfeldt E, Andersen SE, Serup J. A prospective study of patient adherence to topical treatments: 95% of patients underdose. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008;59(6):975-80.

101. Feldman SR, Camacho FT, Krejci-Manwaring J, Carroll CL, Balkrishnan R. Adherence to topical therapy increases around the time of office visits. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007;57(1):81-3.

102. Zaghloul SS, Goodfield MJ. Objective assessment of compliance with psoriasis treatment. Arch Dermatol 2004;140(4):408-14.

103. Dowell J, Hudson H. A qualitative study of medicationtaking behaviour in primary care. Fam Pract 1997;14(5):369-75.

104. Renzi C, Di Pietro C, Gisondi P, Chinni LM, Fazio M, Ianni A, et al. Insufficient knowledge among psoriasis patients can represent a barrier to participation in decision-making. Acta Derm Venereol 2006;86(6):528-34.

105. de Korte J, Van Onselen J, Kownacki S, Sprangers MA, Bos JD. Quality of care in patients with psoriasis: an initial clinical study of an international disease management programme. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2005;19(1):35-41.

106. Owen CM, Chalmers RJ, O’Sullivan T, Griffiths CE. Antistreptococcal interventions for guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2000, Issue 2.

107. Caca-Biljanovska NG, V’Ickova-Laskoska MT. Management of guttate and generalized psoriasis vulgaris: Prospective randomized study. Croat Med J 2002;43(6):707-12.

108. Dogan B, Karabudak O, Harmanyeri Y. Antistreptococcal treatment of guttate psoriasis: A controlled study. Int J Dermatol 2008;47(9):950-2.

109. Bacle I, Meges S, Lauze C, Macleod P, Dupuy P. Sensory analysis of four medical spa spring waters containing various mineral concentrations. Int J Dermatol 1999;38(10):784-6.

110. Bernstein S, Donsky H, Gulliver W, Hamilton D, Nobel S, Norman R. Treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis with Relieva, a Mahonia aquifolium extract--a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Ther 2006;13(2):121-6.

111. Bittiner SB, Tucker WF, Cartwright I, Bleehen SS. A doubleblind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of fish oil in psoriasis. Lancet 1988;1(8582):378-80.

112. Bjørneboe A, Smith AK, Bjørneboe GE, Thune PO, Drevon CA. Effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids on clinical manifestations of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 1988;118(1):77-83.

113. Brockow T, Schiener R, Franke A, Resch KL, Peter RU. A pragmatic randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of highly concentrated saline spa water baths followed by UVB compared to UVB only in moderate to severe psoriasis. J Altern Complement Med 2007;13(7):725-32.

114. Brockow T, Schiener R, Franke A, Resch KL, Peter RU. A pragmatic randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of low concentrated saline spa water baths followed by ultraviolet B (UVB) compared to UVB only in moderate to severe psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2007;21(8):1027-37.

115. Brown AC, Koett J, Johnson DW, Semaskvich NM, Holck P, Lally D, et al. Effectiveness of kukui nut oil as a topical treatment for psoriasis. Int J Dermatol 2005;44(8):684-7.

116. Cheesbrough MJ. Treatment of psoriasis with 30% Dead Sea salt lotion. J Dermatolog Treat 1992;3(4):201-3.

117. Collier PM, Ursell A, Zaremba K, Payne CM, Staughton RC, Sanders T. Effect of regular consumption of oily fish compared with white fish on chronic plaque psoriasis. Eur J Clin Nutr 1993;47(4):251-4.

118. Costantino M, Nappi G, Contaldi E, Lampa E. Effectiveness of sulphur spatherapy in psoriasis: Clinical-experimental study. Med Clin Term 2005;18(58):127-37.

119. David M, Tsukrov B, Adler B, Hershko K, Pavlotski F, Rozenman D, et al. Actinic damage among patients with psoriasis treated by climatotherapy at the Dead Sea. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005;52(3 Pt 1):445-50.

120. Dawe RS, Yule S, Cameron H, Moseley H, Ibbotson SH, Ferguson J. A randomized controlled comparison of the efficacy of Dead Sea salt balneophototherapy vs. narrowband ultraviolet B monotherapy for chronic plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2005;153(3):613-9.

121. El-Azhary RA, Peters MS, Pittelkow MR, Kao PC, Muller SA. Efficacy of vitamin D3 derivatives in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: A preliminary report. Mayo Clin Proc 1993;68(9):835-41.

122. Elkayam O, Ophir J, Brener S, Paran D, Wigler I, Efron D, et al. Immediate and delayed effects of treatment at the Dead Sea in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2000;19(3):77-82.

123. Escobar SO, Achenbach R, Iannantuono R, Torem V. Topical fish oil in psoriasis--a controlled and blind study. Clin Exp Dermatol 1992;17(3):159-62.

124. Even-Paz Z, Efron D, Kipnis V, Abels DJ. How much Dead Sea sun for psoriasis? J Dermatolog Treat 1996;7(1):17-9.

125. Even-Paz Z, Gumon R, Kipnis V, Abels DJ, Efron D. Dead Sea sun versus Dead Sea water in the treatment of psoriasis. J Dermatolog Treat 1996;7(2):83-6.

126. Fairris GM, Lloyd B, Hinks L, Perkins PJ, Clayton BE. The effect of supplementation with selenium and vitamin E in psoriasis. Ann Clin Biochem 1989;26(Pt 1):83-8.

127. Gambichler T, Rapp S, Senger E, Altmeyer P, Hoffmann K. Balneophototherapy of psoriasis: highly concentrated salt water versus tap water--a randomized, one-blind, right/ left comparative study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 2001;17(1):22-5.

128. Grimaldi FF, Florio M, Satriano RA, Ruocco V. Treatment of psoriasis with eicosapentaenoic acid: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Ital Dermatol Clin Sper 1989;43(2):131-9.

129. Grimminger F, Mayser P, Papavassilis C, Thomas M, Schlotzer E, Heuer KU, et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of n-3 fatty acid based lipid infusion in acute, extended guttate psoriasis. Rapid improvement of clinical manifestations and changes in neutrophil leukotriene profile. Clin Investig 1993;71(8):634-43.

130. Gulliver WP, Donsky HJ. A report on three recent clinical trials using Mahonia aquifolium 10% topical cream and a review of the worldwide clinical experience with Mahonia aquifolium for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. Am J Ther 2005;12(5):398-406.

131. Gupta AK, Ellis CN, Tellner DC, Anderson TF, Voorhees JJ. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of fish oil and low-dose UVB in the treatment of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 1989;120(6):801-7.

132. Habermann Neto T, De Castro Pupo Nogueira Neto J. Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of psoriasis. Rev Bras Med 1994;51(6):779-83.

133. Halevy S, Giryes H, Friger M, Grossman N, Karpas Z, Sarov B, et al. The role of trace elements in psoriatic patients undergoing balneotherapy with Dead Sea bath salt. Isr Med Assoc J 2001;3(11):828-32.

134. Halevy S, Giryes H, Friger M, Sukenik H. Dead sea bath salt for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: A doubleblind controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 1997;9(3):237-42.

135. Henneicke-von ZHH, Mrowietz U, Färber L, Bruck-Borchers K, Schober C, Huber J, et al. Highly purified omega-3- polyunsaturated fatty acids for topical treatment of psoriasis. Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study. Br J Dermatol 1993;129(6):713-7.

136. J erner B, Skogh M, Vahlquist A. A controlled trial of acupuncture in psoriasis: no convincing effect. Acta Derm Venereol 1997;77(2):154-6.

137. Lassus A. Colloidal silicic acid for the treatment of psoriatic skin lesions, arthropathy and onychopathy. A pilot study. J Int Med Res 1997;25(4):206-9.

138. Lassus A, Forsström S. A double-blind study comparing oleum horwathiensis with placebo in the treatment of psoriasis. J Int Med Res 1991;19(2):137-46.

139. Léauté-Labrèze C, Saillour F, Chêne G, Cazenave C, Luxey-Bellocq ML, Sanciaume C, et al. Saline spa water or combined water and UV-B for psoriasis vs conventional UV-B: lessons from the Salies de Béarn randomized study. Arch Dermatol 2001;137(8):1035-9.

140. Lee I, Maibach H. Sea water salts: Effect on inflammatory skin disease - An overview. Dermatol Beruf Umwelt 2004;52(2):62-6.

141. Madland TM, Bjorkkjaer T, Brunborg LA, Froyland L, Berstad A, Brun JG. Subjective improvement in patients with psoriatic arthritis after short-term oral treatment with seal oil. A pilot study with double blind comparison to soy oil. J Rheumatol 2006;33(2):307-10.

142. Mayser P, Grimm H, Grimminger F. n-3 fatty acids in psoriasis. Br J Nutr 2002;87(Suppl 1):S77-82.

143. Mayser P, Mrowietz U, Arenberger P, Bartak P, Buchvald J, Christophers E, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid-based lipid infusion in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis: results of a doubleblind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38(4):539-47.

144. Oliwiecki S, Burton JL. Evening primrose oil and marine oil in the treatment of psoriasis. Clin Exp Dermatol 1994;19(2):127-9.

145. Pandey SS, Jha AK, Kaur V. Aqueous extract of Neem leaves in treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1994;60(2):63-7.

146. Pehr K, Forsey RR. Why don’t we use vitamin E in dermatology? CMAJ 1993;149(9):1247-53.

147. Schiener R, Brockow T, Franke A, Salzer B, Peter RU, Resch KL. Bath ПУФА and saltwater baths followed by UV-B phototherapy as treatments for psoriasis: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Dermatol 2007;143(5):586-96.

148. Schiffner R, Schiffner-Rohe J, Wolfl G, Landthaler M, Glassl A, Walther T, et al. Evaluation of a multicentre study of synchronous application of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy (TL-01) and bathing in Dead Sea salt solution for psoriasis vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 2000;142(4):740-7.

149. Serwin AB, Mysliwiec H, Hukalowicz K, Porebski P, Borawska M, Chodynicka B. Soluble tumor necrosis factor-a receptor type 1 during selenium supplementation in psoriasis patients. Nutrition 2003;19(10):847-50.

150. Serwin AB, Wasowicz W, Chodynicka B. Selenium supplementation, soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor type 1, and C-reactive protein during psoriasis therapy with narrowband ultraviolet B. Nutrition 2006;22(9):860-4.

151. Siddiqui MA, Al-Khawajah MM. Vitamin D3 and psoriasis: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Dermatol Treat 1990;1(5):243-5.

152. Søyland E, Funk J, Rajka G, Sandberg M, Thune P, Rustad L, et al. Effect of dietary supplementation with very-longchain n-3 fatty acids in patients with psoriasis. N Engl J Med 1993;328(25):1812-6.

153. Stücker M, Memmel U, Hoffmann M, Hartung J, Altmeyer P. Vitamin B(12) cream containing avocado oil in the therapy of plaque psoriasis. Dermatology 2001;203(2):141-7.

154. Tsoureli-Nikita E, Menchini G, Ghersetich I, Hercogova J. Alternative treatment of psoriasis with balneotherapy using Leopoldine spa water. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002;16(3):260-2.

155. V erdolini R, Bugatti L, Filosa G, Mannello B, Lawlor F, Cerio RR. Old fashioned sodium bicarbonate baths for the treatment of psoriasis in the era of futuristic biologics: an old ally to be rescued. J Dermatolog Treat 2005;16(1):26-30.

156. V ogler BK, Ernst E. Aloe vera: a systematic review of its clinical effectiveness. Br J Gen Pract 1999;49(447):823-8.

157. Zulfakar MH, Edwards M, Heard CM. Is there a role for topically delivered eicosapentaenoic acid in the treatment of psoriasis? Eur J Dermatol 2007;17(4):284-91.

158. Centre for Change and Innovation for NHSScotland. CCI Patient Pathways Dermatology Psoriasis. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.pathways.scot.nhs.uk/Dermatology/Dermatology%20Psoriasis%2023Sep05.htm

159. Augustin M, Krüger K, Radtke MA, Schwippl I, Reich K. Disease severity, quality of life and health care in plaquetype psoriasis: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Germany. Dermatology 2008;216(4):366-72.

160. Palmer KT, Cox RAF, Brown I. Fitness for work: the medical aspects. 4th ed. Oxford University Press; 2007.

161. Brockbank J, Gladman D. Diagnosis and management of psoriatic arthritis. Drugs 2002;62(17):2447-57.

162. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Risk estimation and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Edinburgh: SIGN; 2007. (SIGN guideline No. 97). [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign97.pdf

163. El Miedany Y, Palmer D, El Gaafary M. Diagnosis of early arthritis: outcomes of a nurse-led clinic. Br J Nurs 2006;15(7):394-9.

164. Soriano ER, McHugh NJ. Therapies for peripheral joint disease in psoriatic arthritis. A systematic review. J Rheumatol 2006;33(7):1422-30.

165. Helliwell PS. Therapies for dactylitis in psoriatic arthritis. A systematic review. J Rheumatol 2006;33(7):1439-41.

166. J ones G, Crotty M, Brooks P. Interventions for psoriatic arthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2000, Issue 3.

167. Ravindran V, Scott DL, Choy EH. A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and toxicity of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and biological agents for psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67(6):855-9.

168. W oolacott N, Bravo Vergel Y, Hawkins N, Kainth A, Khadjesari Z, Misso K, et al. Etanercept and infliximab for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess 2006;10(31):1-239.

169. Kaltwasser JP, Nash P, Gladman D, Rosen CF, Behrens F, Jones P, et al. Efficacy and safety of leflunomide in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis: a multinational, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50(6):1939-50.

170. Fraser AD, Van Kuijk AWR, Westhovens R, Karim Z, Wakefield R, Gerards AH, et al. A randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, multicentre trial of combination therapy with methotrexate plus ciclosporin in patients with active psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64(6):859-64.

171. National Patient Safety Agency. Improving compliance with oral methotrexate guidelines. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-and-directives/ alerts/methotrexate/

172. Salvarani C, Macchioni P, Olivieri I, Marchesoni A, Cutolo M, Ferraccioli G, et al. A comparison of cyclosporine, sulfasalazine, and symptomatic therapy in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol 2001;28(10):2274-82.

173. Spadaro A, Riccieri V, Sili-Scavalli A, Sensi F, Taccari E, Zoppini A. Comparison of cyclosporin A and methotrexate in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis: a one-year prospective study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1995;13(5):589-93.

174. Gladman DD, Mease PJ, Ritchlin CT, Choy EH, Sharp JT, Ory PA, et al. Adalimumab for long-term treatment of psoriatic arthritis: forty-eight week data from the adalimumab effectiveness in psoriatic arthritis trial. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56(2):476-88.

175. Kavanaugh A, Krueger GG, Beutler A, Guzzo C, B. Z, Dooley LT, et al. Infliximab maintains a high degree of clinical response in patients with active psoriatic arthritis through 1 year of treatment: results from the IMPACT 2 trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66(4):498-505.

176. British Society for Rheumatology. Clinical Guidelines: Ankylosing spondylitis. London: British Society of Rheumatology. [cited 17 Sep 2009]. Available from url: http://www.rheumatology.org.uk/guidelines/guidelines_as

177. W oods AL, Rutter KJ, Gardner LS, Lewis VJ , Saxena S, George SA, et al. Inpatient management of psoriasis: A multicentre service review to establish national admission standards. Br J Dermatol 2008;158(2):266-72.

178. Schmitt J, Heese E, Wozel G, Meurer M. Effectiveness of inpatient treatment on quality of life and clinical disease severity in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis vulgaris - a prospective study. Dermatology 2007;214(1):68-76.

179. Gradwell C, Thomas KS, English JS, Williams HC. A randomized controlled trial of nurse follow-up clinics: do they help patients and do they free up consultants’ time? Br J Dermatol 2002;147(3):513-7.

180. Courtenay M, Carey N. Nurse-led care in dermatology: a review of the literature. Br J Dermatol 2006;154(1):1-6.

181. Ong PY, Ohtake T, Brandt C, Strickland I, Boguniewicz M, Ganz T, et al. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis. N Eng J Med 2002;347(15):1151-60.

182. Marples RP, Heaton CL, Kligman AM. Staphylococcus aureus in psoriasis. Arch Dermatol 1973;107(4):568-70.

183. Drancourt M, Argenson J-N, Dupont HT, Aubaniac J-M, Raoult D. Psoriasis is a risk factor for hip-prosthesis infection. Eur J Epidemiol 1997;13(2):205-7.

184. Saini R, Shupack JL. Psoriasis: To cut or not to cut, what say you? Dermatol Surg 2003;29(7):735-40.

185. Griffiths CEM, Clark CM, Chalmers RJG, Li Wan Po A, Williams HC. A systematic review of treatments for severe psoriasis. Health Technol Assess 2000;4(40):1-125.

186. Spuls PI, Witkamp L, Bossuyt PM, Bos JD. A systematic review of five systemic treatments for severe psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 1997;137(6):943-9.

187. Dawe RS. A quantitative review of studies comparing the efficacy of narrow-band and broad-band ultraviolet B for psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2003;149(3):669-72.

188. Dawe RS, Cameron H, Yule S, Man I, Wainwright NJ, Ibbotson SH, et al. A randomized controlled trial of narrowband ultraviolet B vs bath-psoralen plus ultraviolet A photochemotherapy for psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2003;148(6):1194-204.

189. Gordon PM, Diffey BL, Matthews JN, Farr PM. A randomized comparison of narrow-band TL-01 phototherapy and ПУФА photochemotherapy for psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;41(5 Pt 1):728-32.

190. Snellman E, Klimenko T, Rantanen T. Randomized half-side comparison of narrowband UVB and trimethylpsoralen bath plus UVA treatments for psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 2004;84(2):132-7.

191. V an Weelden H, Baart de la Faille H, Young E, van der Leun JC. Comparison of narrow-band UV-B phototherapy and ПУФА photochemotherapy in the treatment of psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 1990;70(3):212-5.

192. Y ones SS, Palmer RA, Garibaldinos TT, Hawk JLM. Randomized double-blind trial of the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis: Efficacy of psoralen-UV-A therapy vs narrowband UV-B therapy. Arch Dermatol 2006;142(7):836-42.

193. Stern RS, Laird N. The carcinogenic risk of treatments for severe psoriasis. Photochemotherapy Follow-up Study. Cancer 1994;73(11):2759-64.

194. Stern RS, Lunder EJ. Risk of squamous cell carcinoma and methoxsalen (psoralen) and UV-A radiation (ПУФА). A meta-analysis. Arch Dermatol 1998;134(12):1582-5.

195. Hearn RM, Kerr AC, Rahim KF, Ferguson J, Dawe RS. Incidence of skin cancers in 3867 patients treated with narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(4):931-5.

196. Lee E, Koo J, Berger T. UVB phototherapy and skin cancer risk: a review of the literature. Int J Dermatol 2005;44(5):355-60.

197. Photonet National Managed Clinical Network for Phototherapy. Quality Assurance Framework. 2007.

198. Cameron H, Dawe RS, Yule S, Murphy J, Ibbotson SH, Ferguson J. A randomized, observer-blinded trial of twice vs three times weekly narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy for chronic plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2002;147(5):973- 8.

199. Koek MBK, Buskens E, van Weelden H, Steegmans PHA, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CAFM, V. S. Home versus outpatient ultraviolet B phototherapy for mild to severe psoriasis: pragmatic multicentre randomised controlled non-inferiority trial (PLUTO) study. Br Med J 2009;338(b1542).

200. Schmitt J, Zhang Z, Wozel G, Meurer M, Kirch W. Efficacy and tolerability of biologic and nonbiologic systemic treatments for moderate-to-severe psoriasis: Metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(3):513-26.

201. Faerber L, Braeutigam M, Weidinger G, Mrowietz U, Christophers E, Schulze HJ, et al. Cyclosporine in severe psoriasis. Results of a meta-analysis in 579 patients. Am J Clin Dermatol 2001;2(1):41-7.

202. Heydendael VM, Spuls PI, Opmeer BC, de Borgie CA, Reitsma JB, Goldschmidt WF, et al. Methotrexate versus cyclosporine in moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis. N Engl J Med 2003;349(7):658-65.

203. Flytstrom I, Stenberg B, Svensson A, Bergbrant IM. Methotrexate vs. ciclosporin in psoriasis: effectiveness, quality of life and safety. A randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2008;158(1):116-21.

204. Prey S, Paul C. Effect of folic or folinic acid supplementation on methotrexate-associated safety and efficacy in inflammatory disease: a systematic review. Br J Dermatol 2009;160(3):622-8.

205. Leon A, Nguyen A, Letsinger J, Koo J. An attempt to formulate an evidence-based strategy in the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis: a review of the efficacy and safety of biologics and prebiologic options. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2007;8(5):617-32.

206. Smith CH, Anstey AV, Barker JN, Burden AD, Chalmers RJ, Chandler DA, et al. British Association of Dermatologists’ guidelines for biologic interventions for psoriasis 2009. Br J Dermatol 2009;161(5):987-1019.

207. Brimhall AK, King LN, Licciardone JC, Jacobe H, Menter A. Safety and efficacy of alefacept, efalizumab, etanercept and infliximab in treating moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol 2008;159(2):274-85.

208. Saurat JH, Stingl G, Dubertret L, Papp K, Langley RG, Ortonne JP, et al. Efficacy and safety results from the randomized controlled comparative study of adalimumab vs. methotrexate vs. placebo in patients with psoriasis (CHAMPION). Br J Dermatol 2008;158(3):558-66.

209. Griffiths C, Strober BE, van de Kerkhof P, Ho V, Fidelus- Gort R, Yeilding N, et al. Comparison of Ustekinumab and Etanercept for Moderate to Severe Psoriasis. N Engl J Med 2010;362(2):118-28.

210. Scottish Medicines Consortium. Ustekinumab (Stelara). [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www. scottishmedicines.org.uk/smc/6999.html

211. Leung YY , Tam LS, Lee KW, Leung MH, Kun EW, Li EK. Involvement, satisfaction and unmet health care needs in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology 2009;48(1):53-6.

212. J ankowiak B, Krajewska-Kulak E, Van Damme-Ostapowicz K, Wronska I, Lukaszuk C, Niczyporuk W, et al. The need for health education among patients with psoriasis. Dermatol Nurs 2004;16(5):439-44.

213. J ankowiak B, Krajewska-Kulak E, Baranowska A, Krajewska K, Rolka H, Sierakowska M, et al. The importance of the health education in life quality improvement in patients with psoriasis. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 2005;50(Suppl 1):145-7.

214. NHS National Services Scotland, Information Services Division (ISD) Scotland, Practice Team Information. Psoriatic arthropathy and psoriasis. IR2010-01840. Excel spreadsheet emailed to SIGN, 26 July 2010.

215. Curtis L. Unit costs of health and social care. Canterbury: Personal Social Services Research Unit; 2009. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.pssru.ac.uk/pdf/uc/ uc2009/uc2009.pdf

216. Scottish Government. Universal health checks planned. [cited 20 Sep 2010]. Available from url: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/News/Releases/2010/03/22081937

217. Mease PJ, Goffe BS, Metz J, VanderStoep A, Finck B, Burge DJ. Etanercept in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis: a randomised trial. Lancet 2000;356(9227):385-90.