Сборник лексико-грамматических упражнений
A R E Y O U I N G O O D S H A P E?
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- Task 12. Translate the text into Russian and comment on whether or not this is a good law. Answer the question: Should we take similar measures
- Task 13. Translate the text into Russian and comment on how people can enjoy the food they love and stay healthy and slim at the same time. Healthy Eating – Not Starving!
- Task 14. Find English equivalents for the Russian phrases from the text above.
- Task 15. Translate the text into English. The word combinations and phrases in the box may be helpful to you.
- Task 16. Act out a conversation with your colleague about bad habits and healthy living while expressing the opposite opinion.
- Task 17. Answer the question: What is your personal understanding of a healthy way of living UNIT VI Flying Gets Cheaper Topical Vocabulary
- Task 1. Grammar time: use the correct form of the adjectives in brackets.
- Task 2 a) match words 1-12 with their synonyms in italics, translate and memorize them. Think of sentences using the words in the box.
- Task 3 a) match a word from the box with one of the definitions below
- Task 4. Complete the text using the appropriate word or word-combinations from the box and talk about the process of boarding a plane. Travelling
- Task 5. Translate the dialogues into Russian. Pay attention to the phrases and phrasal verbs in bold. Сonduct a role-play using these dialogues. DIALOGUE 1
A R E Y O U I N G O O D S H A P E?
Task 11. Translate the dialogue into English and use it in class. Здоровый образ жизни
Task 12. Translate the text into Russian and comment on whether or not this is a good law. Answer the question: Should we take similar measures? San Francisco has passed a law banning fast-food restaurants from giving away toys with some children's meals. Supporters say many fast-food meals are very unhealthy, but McDonald's called the legislation misguided. It could spell the end of the Happy Meal, the fast-food snack that is a hit with children at McDonalds, because it is served with a free toy. City leaders in San Francisco have argued that the same meal contains too many calories and they consider it has contributed to the situation where nearly 20% of American children are obese. San Francisco has become the first major US city to ban fast-food restaurants from giving away toys with meals that do not meet nutritional guidelines. In future, you will only receive the toy if you buy a healthy snack. The burger giant McDonalds sent senior executives to the city to oppose the measure. In a statement, the company said: “Parents tell us it is their right and responsibility, not the government's, to make their own decisions and to choose what is right for their children”. McDonalds, Burger King and 15 other food companies have signed up to self-regulate the way they advertise food to young people. Task 13. Translate the text into Russian and comment on how people can enjoy the food they love and stay healthy and slim at the same time. Healthy Eating – Not Starving! Healthy eating – it is the first thing to remember when thinking about losing weight. Eating a healthy meal once a day is not a difficult task. In fact eating healthy meals all your life is easy. You can eat ordinary things that you buy in your local store, you just need to know how and when. No need for expensive stuff they advertise on TV or fancy web sites. Millions of men and women all over the world struggle with weight issues and do not know how to resolve these problems. One disadvantage of losing weight too quickly is that your overall health condition suffers. Unfortunately, many people have a hard time sticking to a long term diet, which is much safer. There are, however, easy ways to lose weight over a long period of time, without starving and sacrificing your health. There are a few things to remember before starting any good diet: First, on any healthy diet you must eat and not starve. Your metabolism does not even kick in and start working each day until you have given it some fuel to work with, and you cannot possibly stick to anything long term if you feel like you are starving to death. Second, you have to enjoy what you are eating. You cannot have chocolate cake for every meal and lose weight, but you can prepare healthy meals that taste good. And third, you just have to eat several times throughout the day so that you never actually feel overly hungry. When you get too hungry, you will almost always eat more than you actually need to make that hungry feeling go away. Experts recommend eating five or six times a day. That is a starting point to build any diet. These are very easy ways to lose weight over a long period of time simply because you will never be hungry. It is common knowledge that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. And in terms of boosting your metabolism, as a part of your easy healthy diet, this is indeed the case! There are a couple of reasons why eating a hearty and healthy breakfast can boost metabolism and lead to weight loss goals. The first reason is that people who eat breakfast are much less inclined to snack throughout the morning. For example, if you had a good breakfast of fruit and low-sugar cereal in the morning, your chances of visiting the vending machine at work around 10:30 a.m. diminish significantly. But this does not mean that you should not eat something between breakfast and lunch. It simply means that, since you will not be extremely hungry at 10:30am (because you skipped breakfast), you will be less inclined to eat anything that you get your hands on; such as a tasty donut that your co-worker was kind enough to offer you. In other words, by starting your day in a nutritious way, you will have more control over what you eat throughout the day. The second reason is connected with metabolism-boosting. Studies have shown that metabolism slows during sleep, and does not typically get going again until you eat. Therefore, starting the day with breakfast is like kickstarting your metabolism. You will actually burn more calories throughout the day, simply by eating breakfast. However you must beware of high-fat breakfasts. Studies show that high-fat breakfasts, such as those that include bacon and sausage, not only deliver lots of calories (there are 9 calories for every gram of fat, compared to 4 for every gram of carbohydrates and proteins, respectively). But they also can make you very hungry again, very soon! Breakfasts that are high in fiber take longer to digest, and thus, the body won’t be hungry again for a while. This is something to bear in mind; and it may explain why many people who eat breakfast find themselves painfully hungry by lunchtime; it’s not their “overactive metabolism” at work; it’s the high fat content, which has been digested swiftly. We must always make the correct choices with our food and drink and this will protect us from killer diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Task 14. Find English equivalents for the Russian phrases from the text above. Придерживаться долгосрочной диете, жертвовать своим здоровьем, терять вес, приводить к потере веса, решать проблемы, есть несколько раз в течение дня, голодать, общее состояние здоровья, рекламировать по телевизору, пропустить завтрак, значительно уменьшиться, переваривать, сделать правильный выбор, хотеть есть. Task 15. Translate the text into English. The word combinations and phrases in the box may be helpful to you.
В настоящее время люди всё больше думают о своём здоровье и качестве жизни. Они понимают, что здоровье не купишь ни за какие деньги. Чтобы быть здоровым, необходимо избавиться от разных вредных привычек. Они негативно отражаются на нашем здоровье. Известно, что курение и алкоголь сильно сокращают нашу жизнь. Они вызывают заболевания сердца и лёгких, например, пневмония, кашель, рак. Кроме того, ваши зубы становятся жёлтыми, а кожа выглядит нездоровой. К счастью, существуют законы о курении и распитии спиртных напитков в общественных местах. Однако этого не достаточно. Сегодня многие компании не принимают на работу курильщиков, поскольку курение вредит здоровью окружающих. Многие люди не всегда завтракают или обедают, едят вредную для здоровья пищу и переедают. Если мы слишком много едим, мы страдаем ожирением. Ожирение приводит к серьёзным заболеваниям. Многим, прежде всего молодым людям, нравятся такие напитки, как Кока Кола и кофе; многие «увлекаются» пиццами и гамбургерами. При этом все знают, что не всё что вкусно, полезно. Ожирение – одна из актуальных проблем здоровья в современном мире. Сейчас привычки в еде меняются. Люди предпочитают есть продукты с меньшим содержанием жира и больше клетчатки, например: салаты, бобы, фрукты, овощи. Жир – основная проблема ожирения и сердечных заболеваний. Полным людям труднее устроиться на работу и найти себе друзей. Многие люди стараются сейчас следить за своей фигурой. Существует множество способов, как сбросить вес. Например, соблюдать диету. Необходимо перестать перекусывать в промежутках между основными приёмами пищи и есть десерты. Важно знать энергетическую ценность и количество калорий в продуктах. Сейчас производители производят специальные продукты с меньшим количеством калорий для тех, кто хочет похудеть. Чрезмерная диета может быть очень опасна для здоровья. Есть люди, которые отказываются есть мясо, поскольку считают, что оно вредно. Они полагают, что вегетарианская пища уменьшает риск заболевания раком и что вегетарианцы живут дольше. Это спорное утверждение. Если мясо есть в разумных количествах, оно полезно для здоровья. Чтобы оставаться здоровым и держать себя в форме, необходимо постоянно заниматься спортом, проводить больше времени на открытом воздухе, совершать прогулки перед сном, чаще проветривать помещение, есть нежирную пищу, спать по 8-9 часов и регулярно питаться. Task 16. Act out a conversation with your colleague about bad habits and healthy living while expressing the opposite opinion. Speak about smoking (reasons for smoking and its dangers), dieting (whether it is healthy or dangerous) and playing sport (whether it assists in keeping fit). Task 17. Answer the question: What is your personal understanding of a healthy way of living? UNIT VI Flying Gets Cheaper Topical Vocabulary
Task 1. Grammar time: use the correct form of the adjectives in brackets.
Task 2 a) match words 1-12 with their synonyms in italics, translate and memorize them. Think of sentences using the words in the box.
b) Fill in the gaps with one of the following words: “trip”, “voyage”, “journey”, “travels”, “flight”, “outing” and consider the difference between them. Compose sentences using these words. ……………….. is a short journey that you take for enjoyment. ………………. is an occasion when you go somewhere and come back again. ……………….. is a long journey, especially by boat or into space. ………………. an occasion when you travel from one place to another, especially when there is a long distance between the places. ……………… is a journey through air or space in a vehicle such as a plane. ……………… is a series of journeys that someone makes to different places. Task 3 a) match a word from the box with one of the definitions below:
b) insert the words in the box in a) into the gaps and translate these sentences into Russian.
Task 4. Complete the text using the appropriate word or word-combinations from the box and talk about the process of boarding a plane. Travelling
When …………………… you have to get to the airport early in order …………………… about an hour before your ……………. . If you have a lot of ……………., you can put it on ……….. and ………….. it to the …………… desk where someone will check your ticket and …………. your luggage. If you have ……………………, it can be very expensive because you have to pay extra money for it. Your heavy luggage is put on ……………………… and carried away. A light bag is classed as………………… and you can take it with you on the plane. …………………………… looks at your passport and checks your hand luggage before you go into the ……………….. to wait until your flight is called. If you want to, you can buy some cheap ……………….. here. Then you see on ………………………………… or you hear an announcement that you must ………………… your plane. You go through ……………………… When all the passengers are on board, the plane begins ………….. to the end of the runway. Finally, permission is received from ……………… and the plane ……………… faster and faster in order …………………. . Task 5. Translate the dialogues into Russian. Pay attention to the phrases and phrasal verbs in bold. Сonduct a role-play using these dialogues. DIALOGUE 1
DIALOGUE 2
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