Учебно-методический комплекс по дисциплине «Английский язык»

1. 
   Работа с активным словарем по теме.
   
2. 
   Работа с текстом по теме.
   
3. 
   Выполнение предтекстовых упражнений.
   
4. 
   Выполнение грамматических упражнений.
   

Clerk: Good afternoon! Can I help you?

Mary: Good afternoon! I would like to convert Australian dollar to Euro.

Clerk: How many Australian dollar have you got?

Mary: Fifty. What is the today`s rate of exchange?

Clerk: You can see the current rate on that notice board.

Mary: Oh, thank you. It is O.K.

Clerk: You are welcome.

Клерк: Добрый день! Чем могу помочь?

Грин: Добрый день! Моя фамилия Грин. Я ожидаю денежный перевод из Дрезднер Банк, Германия.

Клерк: Почтовый или электронный перевод?

Грин: Электронный перевод.

Клерк: Минуточку, пожалуйста. Я проверю. Вы Бенджамин Грин?

Грин: Да, я Бенджамин Грин.

Клерк: На Ваше имя переведены 2000 долларов США из Дрезднер Банка, Германия. У Вас есть с собой паспорт?

Грин: Да, конечно. Вот, пожалуйста.

Клерк: Спасибо. Вот Ваши деньги.

2. What is the currency of Great Britain?

3. What is the name of money you borrow from the bank?

4. What is the name of the automatic machine from which you take cash?

5. What is an adjective for a person with lots of money?

6. What is the name of the money you borrow to buy a house?

7. How many pence are there in the pound?

8. Name ways of paying for something.

9. Name the verbs for things you can do with money.
Exercise 4. Read and translate the texts about American and British currency system:
BRITISH AND AMERICAN MONEY
English banknotes are issued by the Bank of England. As to coins they are minted also by this state bank. The basic unit of British currency (currency of the United Kingdom and the Crown Dependencies) is the pound, which is divided into one hundred pence. (abbreviated as p).

The official full name pound sterling (plural: pounds sterling) is used mainly in formal language and also to distinguish the currency used within the United Kingdom from others that have the same name. (GBP = Great British Pound)

As a unit of currency, the term pound originates from the value of one pound Tower weight of high purity silver known as sterling silver. Sterling silver is an alloy of silver containing 92.5% pure silver and 7.5% other metals, usually copper. The word sterling is believed to come from the Old Norman French esterlin (meaning little star) transformed in stiere in Old English (strong, firm, immovable).

The currency sign is the pound sign, originally ₤ with two cross-bars, then later more commonly £ with a single cross-bar. The pound sign derives from the '£sd' pronounced, and sometimes written as 'LSD'. The abbreviation comes from librae, solidi, denarii (libra was the basic Roman unit of weight; the solidus and denarius were Roman coins). '£sd' was the popular name for the pre-decimal currencies pounds, shillings, pence of the Britain and other countries.

The coins in circulation: 1 penny, 2 pence, 5 pence, 10 pence, 20 pence, 50 pence, 1 pound, 2 pounds.

The notes (paper money) in circulation: £5, £10, £20, £50, and £100.

Scottish £1 notes are still in circulation in Scotland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man have some different coins and notes from the mainland but the monetary system is the same.

The backs of English banknotes, like many other banknotes, feature portraits of different famous people. The one pound banknote, for example, features Isaac Newton (1642 – 1727) a well-known English scientist who made a few very important discoveries including gravitation law.

The United States dollar is the unit of currency of the United States. The U.S. dollar is the currency most used in international transactions.Several countries use it as their official currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency.

The American dollar $ (also abbreviated US$), is subdivided into one hundred cents. The dollars are issued by the Federal Reserve System, established by Congress in 1913. Here is the text on the face of an American dollar banknote: dollars, Federal Reserve Note, The United States of America, Washington, D.C., Treasurer of the United States, Secretary of the Treasury.

The federal government attempts to use both monetary policy (control of the money supply through mechanisms such as changes in interest rates) and fiscal policy (taxes and spending) to maintain low inflation, high economic growth, and low unemployment. A private central bank, known as the Federal Reserve, was formed in 1913 to supposedly provide a stable currency and monetary policy. The U.S. dollar has been regarded as one of the more stable currencies in the world and many nations back their own currency with U.S. dollar reserves.

The U.S. dollar has maintained its position as the world's primary reserve currency, although it is gradually being challenged in that role. Almost two-thirds of currency reserves held around the world are held in US dollars, compared to around 25% for the next most popular currency, the Euro. Rising US national debt and quantitative easing has caused some to predict that the US Dollar will lose its status as the world's reserve currency, however these predictions have not come to fruition.

1. This man is (tall) than that one. 2. Asia is (large) than Australia. 3. The Volga is (short) than the Mississippi. 4. Which building is the (high) in Moscow? 5. Mary is a (good) student than Lucy. 6. The Alps are (high) than the Urals. 7. This garden is the (beautiful) in our town. 8. She speaks Italian (good) than English. 9. Is the word "newspaper" (long) than the word "book"? 10. The Thames is (short) than the Volga. 11. The Arctic Ocean is (cold) than the Indian Ocean. 12. Chinese is (difficult) than English. 13. Spanish is (easy) than German. 14. She is not so (busy) as I am. 15. It is as (cold) today as it was yesterday. 16. She is not so (fond) of sports as my brother is. 17. Today the weather is (cold) than it was yesterday. 18. This book is (interesting) of all I have read this year. 19. January is the (cold) month of the year. 20. My sister speaks English (bad) than I do. 21. Which is the (hot) month of the year? 22. Which is the (beautiful) place in this part of the country? 23. This nice-looking girl is the (good) student in our group.

1. 
   Работа с активным словарем по теме.
   
2. 
   Работа с текстом по теме.
   
3. 
   Выполнение предтекстовых упражнений.
   
4. 
   Выполнение грамматических упражнений.
   

2. Где ближайший почтовый ящик?

3. Получать телеграмму.

4. Писать адрес на конверте.

5. Бросать письмо в почтовый ящик.

6. Я бы хотел купить открытку.

2. The, address, must, we, the, on, envelope, write.

3. Into, put, an envelope, letter or postcard.

4. Go, we, the post-office, to, and, post-box, in, a letter.

5. Like, to get, and, send, we, letters.
Exercise 4. Translate the text and answer the questions:
AT THE POST - OFFICE
I like to go to the post-office because post is one of the things that link people living in different cities and countries. There are some counters at the post-office. At one of them you can buy envelopes, stamps, post cards. You can write a letter right there and post it or you can write it at home and then throw it into one of postboxes throughout the city. It is very convenient because you don't have to go to the post office again.

At another counter you can send a telegram. To do this, you need to fill in the form, give it to the clerk and pay the sum according to the number of words in your telegram.

At another counter you can send or get parcels. To send a parcel you have to bring it to the post-office, the clerk will weight it and tell you how much money you have to pay. To get a parcel, you need to show your passport, so that the post- office clerk were sure that it is really you who is to receive the parcel. At the next counter you can make a subscription to newspapers and magazines. You need to pay certain amount of money, which is stated in the catalog, and your favourite newspapers and magazines will be delivered directly to your home. At the post-office, there are also P.O. boxes. P.O. box means post office box, it is a numbered box to which someone's mail can be sent and from which they can collect it.

Questions:

1. Where can envelopes and stamps be bought?

2. Do you need to go to the post-office again if you want to send a letter which you wrote at home?

3. What do you need to do to send a telegram?

4. How can you send a parcel?

5. Is it possible that your favourite newspapers and magazines were delivered directly to your home?

6. What is a P.O. box?
Exercise 5. Read and translate the dialogues:

I
- What’s the postage on these letters to Thailand, please.

- I’ll have to check. Do you need anything else?

- Yes. A 50p stamp, please.

- That’ll be 7.95 in all

- I think I’d better look that up. Was there anything else?

- Yes. A postal order for 1.25 and an air letter form.

- 7.85 please.

- I’ll just make sure. Anything else?

- Yes. Half a dozen air mail labels and a book of stamps.

- 8.50 exactly, please.

- I’ll have a look. Did you want anything else?

- Yes. While I’m about it, I’ll have a large registered envelope.

- That comes to 8.25.

2) Do you think it’s better for postal services to be in private or government hands?

3) How has the Internet changed the postal service?

4) How often do you get real letters – those that are in envelopes and delivered to your door by the postal service?

5) Do you think sending a letter is cheap or expensive?

6) Do you send virtual birthday cards or real ones? Why?

7) Do you think post offices are friendly, efficient places?

8) What do you think of the job of a postman / mailman / postwoman / mailwoman?

9) How has the post office survived e-mail?

10) What postal services do you use most?

2. Сегодня я получил письмо от брата.

3. В этом году моя сестра закончила школу.

4. Мы не были там сегодня.

5. Ты был в театре на этой неделе? - Нет, не был.

6. На этой неделе мы завершили работу.

7. Ты съел весь кекс?

8. Сколько вы уже собрали яблок? – Мы собрали пять корзин.

2. All the students (to pass) their exams by the end of this year.

3. I (to do) my homework by 6 tomorrow.

4. I (to do) all my work by the time you come.

5. She just (to come); she will speak to you in a minute.

6. I (to get) a long letter from father this week.

7. They (to leave) Moscow this month?

8. He (not bring) a lot of English papers.

9. By two o’clock the teacher (to examine) all the students.

10. We (know) her since she arrived to our city.

1. 
   Работа с активным словарем по теме.
   
2. 
   Работа с текстом по теме.
   
3. 
   Выполнение предтекстовых упражнений.
   
4. 
   Выполнение грамматических упражнений.
   

Each region of the United States has characteristics of its own due to the differences in climate, landscape and geo­graphical position.

Great Lakes, Atlantic Coast, Pennsylvania, New Jersy are biggest industrial regions of the country.

The United States has a lot of mineral deposits or resources such as coal, gold, silver, copper, lead and zink. The south, especially Texas is rich in oil. The coalfields of Pennsylvania are rich in coal. There are plenty of coal mines.

Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska is the richest farming region of America and it is known as the Corn Belt. The land is fertile and well watered. They grow mostly corn and wheat there. Much livestock is also raised here.

There is a lot of fruit raising area. For example, California oranges, grapefruit, lemons, as well as other fruits, wines and vegetables are shipped all over the States and to other parts of the world. The most important crops grown in the States are also tobacco, soy-beans, peanuts, grapes and many others. There are a lot of large and modern cities, but a great proportion of the country consists of open land dotted with farmhouses and small towns. The usual average town, in any part of the United States, has its Main Street with the same types of stores selling the same products. Many American residential areas tend to have a similar look. As to big cities their centres or downtowns look very much alike. Downtown is the cluster of skyscrapers imitations of New York giants.

New York City is die first biggest city of the States. Its population is more than eight million people. It is a financial and advertising business centre. It is also a biggest seaport of the Hudson River. Industry of consumer goods is also developed here.

Chicago with a population of more than three and a half million is the second largest city in the U.S.A. It deals in wheat and other grains, cattle meat processing and manufacturing. Other big cities are Huston, an oil refining and NASA space research centre, New Orleans, a cotton industry centre, Los Angeles with Hollywood, Phyladelphia, a shipping com­mercial centre, Detroit, a world's leading motor car producer and many others.

2. What mineral deposits are there?

3. What plants are grown in the U.S.? Why?

4. What can you say about the usual average town?

земли плодородны и хорошо орошаемы;

выращивают кукурузу и пшеницу;

разводят много скота;

большие площади заняты фруктовыми садами;

вывозятся в другие штаты и страны.

New York

Huston

The service sector dominates the UK economy, contributing around 78% of GDP, with the financial services industry particularly important. London is the world's largest financial centre alongside New York and has the largest city GDP in Europe. The UK aerospace industry is the second- or third-largest national aerospace industry depending on the method of measurement. The pharmaceutical industry plays an important role in the economy and the UK has the third-highest share of global pharmaceutical R&D. The automotive industry is also a major employer and exporter. The British economy is boosted by North Sea oil and gas production; its reserves were valued at an estimated £250 billion in 2007. There are significant regional variations in prosperity, with the South East of England and southern Scotland the richest areas per capita.

In the 18th century the UK was the first country to industrialise and during the 19th century had a dominant role in the global economy. From the late-19th century the Second Industrial Revolution in the United States and Germany presented an increasing economic challenge, and the costs of fighting World War I and World War II further weakened the UK's relative position. However it still maintains a significant role in the world economy, such as in financial services,and the knowledge economy. The UK economy is currently recovering from a recession arising from the financial crisis of 2007/08, and GDP remains 1.3% below its pre-recession peak as of Q4 2013; the UK experienced a deeper downturn than all of the G7 except Japan, and has experienced a slower recovery than all but Italy. In 2013, the UK experienced its fastest growth since 2007; it is now the fastest growing major European economy.

Government involvement in the British economy is primarily exercised by HM Treasury, headed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Since 1979 management of the UK economy has followed a broadly laissez-faire approach. The Bank of England is the UK's central bank and its Monetary Policy Committee is responsible for setting interest rates. The currency of the UK is the pound sterling, which is also the world's third-largest reserve currency after the U.S. dollar and the euro. The UK is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the European Union, the G7, the G8, the G20, the International Monetary Fund, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Bank, the World Trade Organization and the United Nations.

• 
  Великобритания импортирует в 6 раз больше промышленных товаров, чем сырья.
  
• 
  Самым значительным экспортёром Великобритании являются США.
  
• 
  Семь из десяти ведущих поставщиков товаров в Великобританию — это страны ЕС.
  
• 
  British Petroleum является крупнейшей промышленной корпорацией Великобритании и занимает второе место в Европе.
  

The currency of the UK

The service sector dominates the UK economy

London

a) have left b) left c) had left

a) will arrive b) arrive c) arrives

a) will have b) has c) have

a) writes b) wrote c) is writting

a) had lived b) has lived c) lived

a) watched b) was watching c) has watched

7. Mary (to do) all her homework by 5 o'clock yesterday

a) had done b) has done c) did

a) will not go b) don't go c) didn't go

a) will play b) will be playing c) will playing

a) have lived b) live c) are living