Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку для студентов заочного отделения высших учебных заведений



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Modulus 3

Lesson 21

The Adverb


  1. прилагательное + ly = наречие

clear — clearly

happy — happily

exact — exactly

serious — seriously

bad — badly

But: good — well

They are happy children

He got a bad/good mark

He is a serious man


She smiled happily

He answered badly/well

They do everything seriously


  1. прилагательное = наречие

hard late far

fast early

It’s a hard task

We took a fast train

It was a late hour

I am an early bird

It’s a far country


Think hard about it

He always drives fast

We came home late

I always get up early

How far is it?


Обратите внимание на различие в значениях наречий:

Those birds fly high (высоко) They think highly of this man (высокого мнения)

He lives near his office (близко, рядом) It’s nearly five o’clock (около)

It’s late (поздно) I saw him lately (недавно)

This workers work hard (упорно) He can hardly walk (еле-еле, едва)

Practice:


1. Заполните пропуски в предложениях наречиями из списка: never, always, usually, rarely, sometimes.

  1. I … cook dinner.

  2. My husband … watches TV.

  3. She … eats breakfast.

  4. He … drinks champagne at parties.


2. Продолжите предложения:

I always … .

I usually … .

I sometimes … .

I rarely … .

I never … .


3. Некоторые наречия имеют две формы c различными значениями. Заполните пропуски в предложениях и объясните различия в значениях наречий:

hard / hardly

I work very … .

I can … believe the news.

late / lately

I’ve been to the cinema a lot … .

Don’t ring too … .

real / really

If that coat is made of … fur, I don’t want it.

I’m … sorry for that happened.

awful / awfully

The exam was … difficult.

My hair feels … — I must wash it.

quick / quickly

If you’re going shopping, please be … .

My father drives very … .


Прочитайте и запомните следующие идиомы:


Put your shoulder to the wheel — to make a great effort; to begin to work hard.

Once in a blue moon — almost never; very seldom; hardly ever.

Make your mouth water — to look so attractive and desirable that it makes you want to have it very much; to want to eat or drink something that looks or smells delicious.

Lose your shirt — to lose everything, especially money.

Hit the hay — to go to bed.

Lesson 22

The Past Simple Tense or the Past Continuous Tense


Past Simple (V2 (-ed))

Past Continuous (was/were + V4 (-ing))

Мы используем Past Simple

Мы используем Past Continuous

— для выражения действий или состояний в прошлом, когда есть указание на время действия

Long ago people built houses out of wood.

We watched TV yesterday.

— для выражения действий в прошлом, идущих в хронологической последовательности.



Yesterday I got up early, drank a cup of coffee and drove to work. In the evening I watched TV and then walked my dog. Then I got to bed.

— с такими словами-спутниками как a year ago, last Monday, yesterday



I graduated from the University five years ago.

— для выражения действия, которое продолжалось в какой-то момент или период времени в прошлом

He was listening to the news on television at nine o’clock last night.

It was pouring with rain all day and she was wondering what to do.

— вместе с Past Simple, чтобы сказать о действии, которое произошло во время другого действия



I was sleeping when my friend called.




Утвердительная форма

I saw John last week.

I was still having dinner when my boss called.

Вопросительная форма

When did you see John?

Were you still having dinner when your boss called?

Отрицательная форма

I didn’t (did not) see John last week.

I wasn’t (was not) having dinner when my boss called.

Practice:


1. Работайте с партнером. Прочитайте следующие диалоги и драматизируйте их:

1. A: I saw you yesterday, but you didn’t see me.

B: Really? When?

A: At about 3:15. You were getting out of a police car.

B: That wasn’t me. Yesterday at 3:15 I was cooking dinner.

A: Hmm. I guess I made a mistake.


2. A: I saw you yesterday, but you didn’t see me.

B: Really? When?

A: At about 10:30. You were riding your bicycle along Main Street.

B: That wasn’t me. Yesterday at 10:30 I was watching TV.

A: Hmm. I guess I made a mistake.
2. Работайте с партнером. Составьте собственные диалоги, используя данные слова:

Getting out of a taxi — sleeping, walking out of the shop — cleaning my apartment, jogging through the park — fixing my car, getting on a bus — playing table-tennis.




  1. Составьте свой диалог. Драматизируйте его:








4. Поставьте глагол в скобках в правильную грамматическую форму (Past Simple или Past Continuous):

  1. He (have) an accident because he (drive) too fast.

  2. We (not/drink) anything because we (not/be) thirsty.

  3. Somebody (knock) at the door when Bob (have a shower).

  4. Barbara (not/waste) much time reading love stories because she (not/be) interested in them.

  5. While we (wait) for the bus Mary (buy) some newspapers at the news-stall.

  6. I (see) a nice dress in the shop when I (come) to my parents yesterday.


5. Выразите свое несогласие со следующими утверждениями, используя информацию в скобках:

Model: I think John was reading a magazine while waiting for his wife. (do a crossword)

No, he wasn’t. He was doing a crossword.

I believe Jack was talking to that pretty girl when you come. (to his mother)

No, he wasn’t. …
I suppose they were still dancing when he returned. (leave the house)

No, they weren’t. …


I think Jane was looking at Fred when Tom saw her. (the other way)

No, she wasn’t. Jane … .


6. Работайте с партнером. Представьте, что ваш друг только что приехал из отпуска.

Расспросите его о том, как он провел отпуск, используя идиомы, опорные слова и выражения из следующей таблицы:

I

Transport

Travel/go … by air, sea, rail; by car, taxi, bus; by public transport; on foot

II

Accommodation

Stay in a/an… hotel, self-catering flat, motel, camp, cabin, cottage

III

Weather

Sunny, warm, fine, dry, wet, hot, windy; heat wave, thunderstorm, breeze; all the time; several days

IV

Activities

Have a good holiday, swim in the sea, go to the beach, go to the disco, make some new friends, go sightseeing


Сделайте заметки:




QUESTIONS

ANSWERS

I







II







III







IV








Работайте с группой. Пользуясь заметками, расскажите группе о том, как ваш партнер провел отпуск. Ответьте на вопросы группы.

Прочитайте и запомните следующие идиомы:


Fly-by-night — selling for quick profit then disappearing; a swindler or unreliable person.

Dutch treat — each person pays for his or her own food and entertainment.

Can’t fight city hall — an ordinary person cannot win a struggle against an administrative system.

Better half — either partner in marriage.

At the end of sb rope — at the limit of sb ability, endurance, or patience to do sth.

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