Expressive Means (EM) and Stylistics devices (SD)

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emotional or logical intensification of the utterance some of them are normalized and 
dictionaries label them as intensifiers. The most powerful EM of any language are 
phonetic. Because the human voice can indicate the subtle nuances of meaning that no 
other means can attain: pitch, melody, stress, pausation, whispering, a singsong manner of 
speech and etc. Morphological EM: f.ex: using the present Ind .instead of the Past Ind. It is 
named historical Present in describing some past event the author uses the present tense, to 
achieve a more vivid picturisation of what was going on. The use of shall in the second 
and third person may also be regarded as an EM. f.ex: he shall do it (=I shall make him do 
it) He has to do it (it is necessary for him the do it) 
Among word building means we find a great many forms, which serve to make the 
utterance more expressive and fresh. 
f.ex: dear – dearie 
stream – streamlet
- y (ie), - let these suffixes add some emotional coloring to the words. We use non – 
standard English (poetic, archaic, slang, vulgar etc) to color our speech, to make 
speech more emphatic mainly from the emotional point of view we use proverbs or 
famous sayings, some of them are so well-known than their use in the process of 
communication passes almost unobserved. 
- f.ex. “Well, it will only add fuel to the fire” 
- Synonymous expression. “It will only make the situation worse”. 
- Stylistics observes not only the nature of one EM, but also its potential capacity of 
becoming a stylistic device. What is a stylistic device? It is a conscious and 
intentional literary use of some of the facts of the language (including EM) in which 
the most essential features of the language forms are raised to a generalized level and 
there by present a generative model. Most SD may be regarded as aiming at the further 
intensification of the emotional or logical emphasis contained in the corresponding 
expressive means. The birth of an SD is not accidental language means begin 
gradually to develop new features, a wider range of functions and become a relative 
means of expressiveness alongside the already recognized expressive means of the 
language, like proverbs or saying. S.D are patterns of the language whereas the EM 

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