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- Qualifiers
- Structure of a Toulmin Argument
| Build pupils’ confidence
Don’t discourage or inhibit your pupils from forming an opinion Never denigrate Always show interest If your pupils lack self-confidence, work on this The twentieth-century British philosopher Stephen Toulmin noticed that good, realistic arguments typically will consist of six parts. He used these terms to describe the items. Data: The facts or evidence used to prove the argument Claim: The statement being argued (a thesis) Warrants: The general, hypothetical (and often implicit) logical statements that serve as bridges between the claim and the data. Qualifiers: Statements that limit the strength of the argument or statements that propose the conditions under which the argument is true. Rebuttals: Counter-arguments or statements indicating circumstances when the general argument does not hold true. 68
Structure of a Toulmin Argument 69
PLANNING LESSON USING ICT Don’t use ICT for the sake of it – ask yourself, is ICT the best way of achieving my teaching and learning objectives? If you are not confident about using ICT, please ask your colleagues. Take into account that many pupils are confident and competent users of ICT – they are growing up at the world of computers. Don’t see this as a threat to your authority, but as an opportunity to get some extra help and support. Pupils love taking on the role of an “expert” and it raises their self-esteem. They won’t think less of you if you ask for help. Don’t re-invent the wheel. Many teachers have already developed ICT content or strategies. Talk to colleagues and get online – there are lots of school websites, teacher websites and online communities where people are sharing ideas, lesson plans and experiences. Don’t forget to share some of your good ideas too! Following this chapter you will see some possible ways to use ICT with the aim of making teaching and learning process more interactive and motivated. жүктеу/скачать 2.71 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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