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2. Р. К. Карсыбаева. Специфика технологии развития критического чтения и
письма. «45 минута», №1, 2009 г.
3. С. Мирсентова. Обучение как поиск и поиск как обучение.
Караганда,
2011 г.
4.
«Информационные
технологии
и
дистанционное
обучение».
С.Т. Мухамбетжанова.
UDC: 811.111:378.05
DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL AND CREATIVE ABILITIES OF
STUDENTS WHILE WORKING WITH COMPLEX TEXT ANALYSIS
Bidasheva Zhansaya
Scientific supervisor: Kapysheva G.K., Candidate
of Philological Sciences
graduate student, East Kazakhstan University named after S. Amanzholov,
Oskemen, Kazakhstan
In the school theory and methodology of teaching literature, special attention is paid
to such an organization of the lesson, which develops analytical and creative abilities with
the help of methods and techniques for analyzing a literary text. Creative for the teacher
and students is rightfully considered a lesson in which complex work with textual material
is carried out using technologies that stimulate imagination and thinking.
In the scientific and methodological literature, creative analytical approaches
include a variety of types of textual and analytical activities - from the interpretation of
the author's position and historical and cultural content to inter-textual research and
hermeneutic reading. Most researchers come to the conclusion that the most effective is
an integrated approach.
V.Sosnovskaya considers the methodology as the main distinguishing feature of an
integrated approach to the analysis of
a work in a literature lesson, highlighting
hermeneutic methods and techniques: "sense building, semantic bridges, identification,
semantic contexts, reflection, hermeneutic circles". S.V.Tikhonova sees the secret of an
integrated approach to the school literature analysis in a harmonious combination of
traditional and innovative
methods and techniques, leaning towards the idea that the
creative-analytical path is a co-author's approach to the interpretation of the text, based on
one's own attitude to what has been read. I.V.Rogozhina believes that a comprehensive
text analysis in a literature lesson is a high-tech form of studying artistic creativity, which
attracts digital technologies and is based on joint research activities and collaboration, the
purpose of which is to read the work in unison with the author, to reveal the author's ideas
and feelings.
Recently, literature lessons constructed on the basis of the integration of literary and
philosophical methods of study are called complex-creative approaches to text analysis.
Often, different complex approaches are identified with different concepts of the analysis
of a literary text, opposing literary and linguistic methods of interpretation. According to
my observations, an integrated approach to text analysis is a type of its study or research,
which is aimed at revealing the author's position (intent) and expressing the reader's
attitude (personal meaning). At the same time, the complex character, of course, is ensured
by the analysis of the main levels of the text: lexical, syntactic, stylistic, textual, inter and
extra-textual, global (picture of the world).
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“Text analysis begins with tasks related to the speech development of
schoolchildren: expressive reading, definition of a topic and idea, type and style, drawing
up a plan, then questions are given that test grammatical skills and abilities.”
The system of questions for text analysis includes
questions on spelling and
punctuation, answering which the child must use the knowledge gained in the primary
grades, perhaps rethinking it, systematizing or filling in the existing "gaps", that is, having
mastered new material for himself. In addition, by examining the proposed text in detail,
painstakingly and thoughtfully and trying to characterize it as a whole, working either
with individual words, or with sentences, or even with a whole sheet of printed material,
the student trains his internal visual memory, which means he develops spelling vigilance.
The benefits of merging language and speech teaching are undeniable: by engaging
in a complex linguistic analysis of a text, a child learns to see and understand individual
linguistic phenomena and their place in the language system as a whole, learns to observe
the “life” of
a word in a lexical context, and interpret the text.
Criteria for selecting texts are very important. Texts should be interesting in terms
of spelling, differ in style, type of speech, vocabulary. These are fragments from the works
of A.S. Pushkin, K.G. Paustovsky, M.M. Prishvin and other authors. From the point of
view of content, it is very important to analyze texts about language, about the word, about
the need for careful attitude to the word, about the perception of a work of art as a creative
activity. A special role in the upbringing and development of the modern student is
acquired by texts aimed at the spiritual and moral development of the individual: about
the culture of behavior, about moral values, about national traditions, ecology, etc.
In addition to complex analysis, which has as its main goal the development of the
analytical abilities of children, the teacher is engaged in the development of their creative
skills.
To develop the creative abilities of children, the following creative tasks are used:
creation of educational projects (“Rhyme”, “Entertaining tasks in the Russian language”,
etc.), creation of drawings and crafts (drawing “The Fox and the Crane”, A. S. Pushkin
“The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish”, a story from the first faces (N.N. Nosov “On
the Hill”, V. Oseeva “Good”), retelling of the passage (N.N. Nosov “The Living Hat”, V.
Dragunsky “The Secret Becomes Clear”) full retelling according to plan (Ch. Perrot “Puss
in Boots”, N. Bulgakov “Anna, don’t be sad”, V. Oseeva “Why?”), mini-essays (an essay
based on the painting “Golden Autumn”, an essay “Winter Fun”, a letter to Santa Claus)
creative stories ( restoration of sentences in the correct sequence, the story "Winter fun").
Thus, filling in the lack of theoretical information, an individual approach to filling
gaps, a strict definition of parameters when comparing texts, the formation of the ability
to find the topic and main idea in the text, as well as to make comparisons by associations
will help overcome the difficulties that students face when analyzing the text, and will
allow in the future it is better to prepare for the exams.
Among the most modern complex, multi-level approaches to the creative analysis
of a literary text, the model of the hermeneutic circle stands out. According to
hermeneutics, the creative interpretation of a text is based on analysis and synthesis. The
study of a literary text is its new discovery of its meaning. Let me consider the
analytical
and creative potential of hermeneutic analysis using the example of the discovery-
interpretation of the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "When the yellowing field is agitated ...".
In Lermontov's landscape, the main role is played by epithets and details that name
specific phenomena or objects of nature. In the first quatrain, this is a
yellow field,
a fresh
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forest, a raspberry plum and a green leaf. Despite the differences in these details, they are
united by a common motive - the motive of maturity. The second quatrain focuses the
reader's attention
on fragrant dew, ruddy evening, golden morning and
silver lily of the
valley. The general semantics of the listed details of the landscape is the motif of purity:
transparent fragrant dew, a cloudless evening sunset, gold and silver are valued for the
purity of the metal, lily of the valley is a symbol of purity. The third quatrain consists of
such semantic elements as
an icy key, a vague dream, a mysterious saga and
a peaceful
land. Upon careful study, it becomes clear that these, at first glance, different concepts are
united by the motive of the Motherland: a cold key is a spring; sleep most often returns us
to childhood, to our native places; a saga is a work dedicated to family and clan; a peaceful
land is also a Motherland. The final stanza is devoid of epithets, as it is a generalization
in the long sentence-period of M. Yu. Lermontov: the soul reconciles with the mind
(
wrinkles on the forehead), the earth with heaven. The essence of the hermeneutical
discovery is that maturity, purity, and love for the motherland lead to harmony - in nature
and in man. Without awareness
of happiness on earth, it is impossible to comprehend
God's providence.
Thus, text analysis can be made analytical and creative with the help of innovative
techniques, but the most important thing for the development of thinking and creative
imagination is the discovery made in the lesson!
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