SOLVING OF AGRO-ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE SMALL FORMS OF MANAGEMENT

SOLVING OF AGRO-ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE SMALL FORMS OF MANAGEMENT

Polinkevich M. B., Kravchenko I. V.

This article deals with one of the aspects of the production efficiency of small forms of economic management. It is management of land resources. In this article we analyzed the gross agricultural output in accordance with the types of farms. On the basis of this analysis we identified key aspects of agro-ecological problems solving.

Agriculture is the main branch of public production which connects with the use of natural resources. Therefore, agriculture must be considered as a huge, permanent mechanism of protection, cultivation of living natural resources and it is closely connected with the environment. Thus in the conditions of agricultural production the use of natural resources especially the land must be combined with measures on protection of the environment. In agriculture the land is not only a place of activity and territorial operating base, but primarily it is an instrument and the principal means of production. Agro-ecological problems are of high significance for the small forms of management, because its share of production must provide domestic consumption of the villagers. In fact such products are unrealizable in competition with large enterprises.

Small forms of management are represented mainly by private households and country farms. Nowadays there are 152 thousand private households and 1389 of country farms in the Kemerovo region. There is a lack of database of standards and rules for the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides which together with rainwater flows and groundwater enter into the rivers and lakes, causing serious damage to the watersheds of major rivers, their fish stocks. There is a lack of database of standards and rules for the construction of cattle farms and complexes which have no clearing systems of manure wastes and their disposal. Also many farmers use worn-out equipment and don’t use resource-saving technologies. All this has a significant impact on the violation of the natural balance of the environment.

An important factor in increase of the efficiency of agricultural production is the development of small businesses in rural areas through agricultural cooperatives. The carried out analysis shows that during the period from 2004 till 2008 product share of households in the structure of agricultural production of Kemerovo region has decreased by 13,1% and the product share of country farms has increased by 5,6% (Table 1).

Table 1. Gross agricultural output of the Kemerovo region in accordance with the types of farms (in actual prices, million of rubles)

The growth of small-scale production in the future and its modernization require a stable and competitive environment in the countryside in order to provide the overcoming of major agricultural organizations monopoly. Together with the support from the state, one of the means for the development of small forms of management is to unite them into cooperatives for joint production, processing and marketing of output.

In 2008 50 cooperatives was established in agriculture of the Kemerovo region. Analyzing the development of cooperatives of the Kemerovo region we ha revealed that their production capacity is not used fully. The main reasons are underestimation of the cooperative form of production, inadequate legislation, the immature system of cooperative education, shortage of skilled personnel.
As one of the ways to solve the agro-environmental problems opening the service involved in development of accessible services within the proper organization of activities on the use of soil can be offered on the basis of formed cooperatives.

In this case for the stimulation of the development of cooperatives economic support from the state is needed. It is required to:

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  provide long-term loans to cooperatives;
  
• 
  organize trade places in order to promote sales of products for small forms of management.