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СЕКЦИЯ «ПЕДАГОГИКА И ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
THE ROLE OF TESTING IN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS’ DEVELOPMENT
Azarenkova Marina Ivanovna
PhD, Associate Professor of
Foreign Languages Department,
Academy of Logistics after General A.V. Khrulev,
Military Technical Institute of railway troops and military communications,
Russia, Saint-Petersburg
Testing becomes an important item and contextual base in educational process being a tool
of problem solving. At the same time, it means effective introduction in all spheres of teaching
and, accordingly, learning, productive methods of understanding the very core of education- pro-
longed development of a personality, open to new knowledge by definition.
Keywords: testing, general terms, estimation, self-estimation, objective and subjective test-
ing, diagnostic tests, reliability
and validity of testing, types of tests.
«Decipimur specie recti» (Мы обманываемся видимостью правильного)
(Об этом предупреждал Гораций)
«Detur digniori» (Пусть достанется более достойному)
«Debes, ergo potes» (Должен – значит можешь)
There are many different opinions on the meaning and context testing in educational
process, having much in common because testing is necessary, obligatory, useful, produc-
tive, effective and often very interesting method of correcting and clearing up not only the
foreign language level, but level of personality, open to know the true stage of preparing
in the subject and readiness to prolonged improvement in studying as a whole. “Prolonged”
denotes “consistently”. Firstly it has attention to testing as a process and a separate problem
of measuring od reliability of gotten volume of knowledge.
In educational process the teachers deal with their students abilities’ definition, es-
timation, measuring, developing and adoption as suitable to be in the near future success-
fully introduced in the professional field process.
Testing is not only intellectual, but emotional and psychological training for those
tested. It is identifying tool, so, it needs identifying approach to all positions , including
types of tests , different kind of testing, their close and prolonged purposes (aims and goals
in a sum), the number of tests due to their concrete task for precisely measuring the abilities
of those we are interested in.
It is essential to define in the process of teachers’ planning the testing the concrete
cases where the tests “are likely to influence teaching”.
The educational program is oriented to stocking the knowledge items on the line
from the simplest to the most difficult and complicated, being in demand. So, it is very
important to think over terminological raw in accordance with all concrete themes and
chapters of the educational program.
The scientists all over the world did their best in order to create “a test of testing
system” [1, p. 6]. It includes a lot of items and moments of testing activity the teachers
have been used not only in daily teaching routine practice, but in the course of pedagogical
experiments under the headline “Testing”.
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Before describing in details the different purposes of testing at the different stages
of studying the different aspects of the discipline “foreign language” let us pay attention to
the so called “in a special way organized ecologically from the position o f psychology,
calmness and understanding sphere of testing: place, time, group.” [2, p. 171]. One of
our tasks as those testing those tested, is to define their stability of “Being Oneself” in
any situation of control being close to risk-zone. In order to make the asking process
comfortable and productive, some moments are to be taken into account while organiz-
ing the very calm space, where the role of all involved is equal for strong students and
weak students. In this situation a teacher acts as the wise leader. His/her mission is to
create a climate of success as possible and approved for everyone. At the same time,
when testing is a kind of risk and stress, failure considers
to be possible in order to
break competition and jealousy. Everybody, strong or weak at the moment of testing is
worth of being respected, because testing is one of the educational process’ actions, nor
the educational personal result as a whole. So, there is always chances, possibilities and
opportunities to improve the result, even not very good at the beginning. A special note
deserves behavior. The wise leader-teacher pays respectful attention to all behavior.
The teacher, having fluently looked the first answers, discovering mistakes and errors,
let the students to understand that “knowing certain facts is not more powerful than
simple wisdom” [3, p. 5]. From the position of educational process and educational
sphere “wisdom” for a student is a wide range of his intellectual and personal possibil-
ities, opportunities and skills, at every moment open to realization through successful
studying in spite of the difficulties on the way to education.
The students learn that effective action arises out of readiness to overcome ob-
stacles and optimizing the ways of communication with teachers and classmates in order
to raise their students’ professional competence in a clear sense of productive being in
learning action. The students learn that testing is an effective action, arising out of indus-
trious intentions, systematic studies and recognition of responsibility of everyone in reach-
ing educational goals, closely connected nowadays with possession a number of compe-
tencies as a foundation of a professional stability. So, the group testing work is grounded
in obvious and natural righteousness with explained and adopted rules and regulations for
an effective groups’ including into the process of control.
The source of the teachers ‘ability influences directly the students’ ability to be suc-
cessful in testing. At every moment of his/her professional activity, a teacher is leading a
group, being aware of what is happening and how estimating things happen. Due to this
approach to the process a teacher can steer clear of trouble (satisfactory or bad marks of
the students), and be both vital and effective. Even when a teacher does not write or answer
a test on his/her own, he has to act accordingly. What does it mean? It means, that for the
students’ testing as a process and means- denotes universality, telling all about their pro-
fessionalism and personal value for their teacher, who is for them a source of power, en-
durance and excellence. That is why, consciousness or awareness, as the source of teacher’s
ability,
support the students, being testing, while learning them to become increasingly
conscious and successful.
Let us come back to the purposes of testing, being recognized as obligatory at all
stages of learning foreign language. The stages of the process may be described in a such
consequence:
– to diagnose students’ weaknesses and strengths. It is necessary to identify what
they do not know and what they know;
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– to identify the stage
of a teaching program, some parts of it due to the abilities of
the students as most appropriate to;
– to assist placement of students of different level of preparation by preliminary
individual personal testing them before a general testing of a whole group;
– to define the objectives of a course of study and declare it before forming the
content of the testing materials’
– to discover how far students have achieved the objectives of a course of study;
– to define the frame of the language proficiency for the students of different level
of preparation;
– to measure language proficiency regardless of any language courses that students,
and then- specialists- may have followed;
– to create a system of estimation the results of testing with valuable advice to im-
prove the results if necessary and detailed description of the
way of achieving the high
results in the course of the following testing.
This is a short structure of objective and subjective testing, showed good results in
the course of pedagogical experiments with the students of different years of studying. The
final stage included two kinds of tests – final achievement tests and progress achievement
tests. The both types appeared to be very effective in the process of post-graduate teaching
and professional training of specialists of the wide profile, being in great demand of a
modern society. In reality. Testing is a noble labor, preparing winners. “Jucundi acti La-
bores sunt” (Труд завершенный приятен). “Industriae nil impossibile est” (Для прилеж-
ного нет невозможного).
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