Вестник казнпу им. Абая, серия «Исторические и социально-политические науки», №1(72), 2022 г
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- Origin of the Savromat-armatian tribes according to archaeological data
| ВЕСТНИК КазНПУ им. Абая, серия «Исторические и социально-политические науки», №1(72), 2022 г.
161 As we have already mentioned, several political events took place in Eurasia in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. The most important of them is the war between Darius, King of the Achaemenid Empire in 517 BC, and the massagets living near the island. The massagets, who were defeated in this war, migrated to western Kazakhstan [20, p.32]. In particular, this migration affected the savromat culture, which led to the emergence of the Sarmatian culture [16, p.83; 21, p.70]. After this political event, massaget traditions emerged in western Kazakhstan and the southern Urals.For example, directing the heads of the dead to the South, Group burials, and frequent use of wood in the grave [22, p.28-30]. Although these changes in the southern Urals confirm assumptions about the origin of the Sarmatians, the absence of temples, cross-shaped structures and sculptures characteristic of the Aral region indicates that the savromat culture was influenced only to a certain extent by the massegets. The above information allows us to assume that the savromats and sarmatians are one tribe. The fact that the savromats were sarmatians who lived in the following centuries is widely supported in scientific circles also confirms the above assumption [23, p.49]. Origin of the Savromat-armatian tribes according to archaeological data As we have already mentioned, the second opinion is related to archaeological data. According to this view, the savromats, Andron near the southern Urals and along the Volga River as a result of their integration into the history of the culture of the Kimi (one of the cultures of the Bronze Age in the southern regions of Russia) are considered to have entered the stage. This is stated in the works of such scientists as S. Zholdasbayuly [1, p.70], M. Sdykov [16, p.70], K. F. Smirnov [24, p.192] and T. Sulimirsky [21, p.37]. It is written by S. Zholdasbayuly "according to archaeological research, there is an opinion that the origin of the Savromat-sarmatian tribes is a continuation of the tribes of the time of the Andron and Kimi culture." K. F. Smirnov considered this issue on the basis of burial traditions, burial constructions and anthropological data. In particular, pointing to the fact that the orientation of the heads of the dead to the West, which is characteristic of the Bronze Age, the burial of objects such as chalk, realgar, coal, as well as the laying of organic matter under the dead and the construction of wooden structures on top continued by the savromats, he claimed that this tribe originated on the basis of the culture of the Bronze Age [24, p.182-188]. M. Sdykov noted the savromats living in the southern Ural region as the heirs of the Andron and Kimi culture. It is argued that this can be evidenced by the fact that vessels with ohra, limestone and the sign of the fylfot on the surface, which are characteristic of the Bronze Age, were also used in the savromat period. In addition, the use of Bronze Age burial mounds by the savromats as burial sites is associated with kinship, i.e. inheritance [21, p.70]. жүктеу/скачать 3.48 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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