Методические указания по изучению английского языка для специальности 270205. 65 «автомобильные дороги и аэродромы»
Find Russian equivalents to the following
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- 3. Agree or disagree with the following sentences
- TRAFFIC CONTROL (PART 2) 3. Traffic Signals
- NOTES
- 1. Найдите в правой колонке перевод английских слов
- 2. Answer the questions
- TRENDS IN TRAFFIC CONTROL
- Computerized Traffic Lights
- Keys (ex.2)
- LISTENING PRACTICE: 1. Travelling by car at a high speed is an exciting experience. Car races attract a lot of spectators and racing drivers have crowds of admirers.
- What did Mr. Finch tell him Mr. Finch did not want to pay the old man for sleeping.
- 3. Match the signs with their meanings.
- 4. a) You are preparing for a driving test. Say what a driver must do when he sees the following road signs.
2. Find Russian equivalents to the following:
3. Agree or disagree with the following sentences:
JOKE A woman is in a hurry and takes a taxi. The taxi goes at great speed and narrowly misses some lampposts, trams and policemen. The woman is frightened and says to the taxi-driver: "Please, be careful. This is the first time I've been in a taxi." "That's all right, ma'am," answers the taxi-driver. "This is the first time I have driven one." Lesson 15 TRAFFIC CONTROL (PART 2) 3. Traffic Signals The signal light is probably the most easily recognized traffic control device. At a busy intersection in a large city, a traffic signal may control the movements of more than 100,000 vehicles per day. More than 60 percent of all miles driven each year are on roadways controlled by traffic signals. Traffic signals direct streams of vehicles and pedestrians when to go or stop. The signals increase the traffic-handling capacity of most intersections. They can work independently on timers, or connect to a computer-controlled system that operates over several intersections. In a computerized system, traffic detectors are placed at several locations—generally in the pavement. A computer scans the traffic information from each detector. The computer then selects the best timing for each signal to reduce traffic congestion and minimize delays. Traffic signals often allow certain types of vehicles, such as ambulances, fire trucks, and police cars, to trigger light changes. This control over signals helps speed emergency vehicles along while reducing the chances of collisions with other traffic in intersections.
In one of the oldest methods of traffic control, one form of transportation is given priority by restricting or banning other forms of transportation. In the 1st century B.C., Roman emperor Julius Caesar banned wheel traffic from Rome during daytime, which allowed pedestrians and horse riders to move more freely around the city. Some modern cities ban or restrict truck travel through certain neighborhoods. Bus lanes and high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes1 exist in many urban areas. Only specified types of vehicles—primarily those carrying several occupants—can use these lanes. By giving priority to high-occupancy vehicles, transportation planners reduce congestion.
As an alternative to banning traffic, traffic control planners use devices to discourage heavy use of a route. Islands built in the centers of intersections force drivers to proceed slowly. Speed bumps discourage high-speed commuting through residential neighborhoods. Concrete median strips prevent vehicles from making turns except at intersections. NOTES: 1high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane - полоса движения, выделенная для машин, в которых едут два и более человека включая водителя NEW WORDS & EXPRESSIONS 1. traffic signal - дорожный знак 2. control device - регулятор, устройство контроля 4. busy intersection - перекресток с оживленным движением 5. pavement - тротуар 6. congestion - затор ( уличного движения ) 7. ambulance - машина скорой помощи 8. fire truck - пожарная машина 9. emergency vehicle - автомобиль технической помощи 10. to restrict - ограничивать 11. to ban - запрещать 12. residential neighborhood – жилой район окрестности, область, район 13. urban area - городская территория 14. occupant – пассажир, житель 15. restraint - ограничение 16. median – разделяющая полоса между проезжими частями магистральной дороги 17. turn– поворот 18. speed bump -асфальтовый гребень поперёк проезжей части (с целью замедлить движение транспорта возле школы и т. п.) 1. Найдите в правой колонке перевод английских слов:
2. Answer the questions:
“Turn Out the Lights” In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the economy of Seattle stumbled as it was hit by rising inflation, nationwide oil shortages, and growing unemployment. During that time, many people left the city to look for work elsewhere, and the standing joke in the city became “Will the last person leaving Seattle turn out the lights.” Lesson 16 TRENDS IN TRAFFIC CONTROL Advances in computers and communications technology have produced new applications in traffic control. A satellite system developed by the military for navigation, called the global positioning system (GPS), is now being applied to traffic control of all forms of transportation. In the rail industry, for example, satellite-tracking devices mounted on locomotives can identify a train’s exact location by using GPS. Railroad dispatchers use this information about train locations to control the distances between trains on the same routes. With this system, called positive train separation (PTS), a train’s location and speed are sent to the railroad equivalent of an air traffic control tower. At a control center, computers scan train locations and speeds, predict hazards, and inform the train crews. Similar GPS tracking and traffic control are being developed for highway, marine, and air travel.
Computer technology eventually may lead to intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In ITS, automobiles equipped with onboard computers and display terminals would automatically receive route location and traffic information. Predictions for the future include fully automated systems with traffic completely controlled by computers. Drivers would instruct traffic control computers where they want to go and the computers would operate the car, delivering it to its destination. NEW WORDS & EXPRESSIONS 1. advance - прогресс, достижение 2. application - применение 3. satellite system - спутниковая система 4. military- вооруженные силы 5. to mount - монтировать, устанавливать 6. global positioning system - глобальная (спутниковая) система определения местоположения абонента сотовой связи 7. to predict hazard - предсказывать, прогнозировать опасность, аварийную ситуацию 8. to equip - оборудовать
Keys (ex.2) : 1. transport; 2. tunnel; 3. locomotives; 4.speed; 5.degree; 6.experience 3. Найдите в правой колонке перевод английских слов:
Lesson 17 LISTENING PRACTICE: 1. Travelling by car at a high speed is an exciting experience. Car races attract a lot of spectators and racing drivers have crowds of admirers. a) Listen to the detective story "The Blue Star" about a racing driver, Mr. Finch, and his favourite car, "the Blue Star". Be ready to answer the questions below. Try to find an explanation for Mr. Finch's decision.
Blue Star Tom Finch was a top racing driver. His best racing car was called the Blue Star. The big race was in seven days time and Tom Finch was going to drive the Blue Star in k. But all of a sudden one night somebody broke the window of his garage and tried to steal the Blue Star. The next day an old man came to see Tom. He knew about the race and said that he would sit in the garage for six nights and watch over the Blue Star. It would be quite safe if he was in the garage all night. Tom agreed Next morning before breakfast the old man rang Mr. Finch's door bell. His face was white and he was very excited. "Please, Mr Finch, don't race the Blue Star in six days time." The racing driver was very much surprised and asked "Why not?" The old man answered: "I had a bad dream last night. You were driving the Blue Star in a big race and a black cat ran just in front of your car. It was not far from the last bend. You pulled the car over to the right tad it crashed into the crowd of spectators. Then it exploded and caught fire» You were killed at once, sir. Please, it was horrible, Mr. Finch. Don't drive in the big race." Mr. Finch thought a little and said: "I will certainly drive in the big race. And you - you take your money for one night's work. Don’t come again." The old man couldn't understand and asked for an explanation.
a) Listen to the story "A Driving Test". Then fill in the chart.
A Driving Test Mr. Shaw took the driving test for the first time in May. After the test the examiner said: "I'm sorry, Mr. Shaw, you failed the test. You didn't drive well enough. You turned left on the corner of Wilson and King and the sign there says: "No left turn". Then you drove 40 m.p.h. on King Street and the sign there says: "Speed limit 30 m ph." Then you went, through two red lights And you didn't park well" "Can 1 again?" asked Mr. Shaw. "Sure," said the examiner, "but you'll have to pay again." "That's all right," said Mr. Shaw. "I'll pass it next time. I'll drive more slowly and more carefully." Mr. Shaw came back in June and took the test for the second time. He had the same examiner. After the test the examiner said: "I'm sorry, Mr. Shaw, you failed the test again. You drove too carelessly again. This time you turned right on the comer of Wilson and Eon and the sign mere says: "No right turn". You drove too quickly. You drove 35 m.p.h. on Princess Avenue and the speed limit there is 30 m.p.h. and then you parked at a "No parking" sign." "Can I take the test again?" asked Mr. Shaw. "Sure," said the examiner, "but you'll have to pay for the test again." "That's all right," said Mr. Shaw. "I'll pass it next time. I won't drive so quickly and so carelessly." In July Mr. Shaw came back and took the driving test for the third time. This time the examiner said: "Congratulations, Mr. Shaw, you've passed the test! You drove very well this time. You didn't go through any red lights. You didn't drive too quickly. And you parked beautifully. What happened?" Mr. Shaw smiled and said: "I went to a doctor. He told me to get a pair of glasses. Now I can read." 3. Match the signs with their meanings. 
1. You will have to pay to cross the river. 2. You can't go any farther than this. 3. You should slow down. 4. You don't have to pay to put your car here. 5. You may cross the street. 6. You must not enter the street from this direction. 7. You must not exceed the speed limit. 8. You should give way to all vehicles.
Lesson 18 TEXT A Road Accident It was raining heavily as I was walking up the hill towards the station at six o'clock on a Saturday morning. At this early hour there wasn't much traffic and there weren't many people in sight. Just as I was crossing the road near the top of the hill, a car came round the corner. It was travelling very fast and the driver was obviously having difficulty in controlling it. Suddenly it swerved violently, skidded on the wet road, hit a lamp-post and turned over. At once I ran to the car to assist the driver, but he was unconscious and there was a lot of blood on his face. A young woman hurried into the station and phoned for an ambulance while I took care of the driver. A number of other people gathered round the car, but there wasn't a great deal we could do. A policeman arrived a few minutes later and asked me a lot of questions about the accident. Shortly afterwards the man came round, and he-was groaning quietly when the ambulance arrived at high speed and rushed him away to hospital. On Monday morning I went to the hospital to enquire about the man. They told me that his injuries were not serious after all and that he was rapidly getting over the effects of the accident. 
1. Найдите в правой колонке перевод английских слов:
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