Министерство высшего и среднего специального образования республики

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abstractly, based on specific objects and situations, and think abstractly, which not only provides 
opportunities for communication between specific members of the collective, it also creates 
conditions for social experience. 
Human society not only revives language, but also activates the language system. However, 
we cannot describe language one way or another without taking into account the cognitive process. 
Cognitive science itself, under the auspices of which cognitive linguistics appeared, is 
increasingly divided not only into different schools, but also into various cognitive sciences, 
among which are cognitive psychology, neuroscience, anthropology, etc. Various scientists give 
their own interpretation of the term cognitive, depending on which particular science it is used in. 
Cognitive linguistics, on the one hand, considering language as a cognitive process that allows 
explanations about any objects in the form of a verbalized description of them, on the other hand, 
pays great attention to the issues of semantics, which, being a link between the theory of language 
and theories of other cognitive abilities, can in no way be separated from cognition. R. Jakendoff 
considers a person as a certain existing level of mental representation, at which linguistic 
information is combined with sensory: sensory or motor. He calls this level a conceptual structure, 
considering it in parallel with the semantic structure. The formation of the conceptual structure is 
carried out with the help of basic conceptual categories, or “semantic parts of speech”, such as an 
Object, an Event State, Action, etc. The listed basic categories can be expanded into more complex 
expressions according to certain rules. 
If we consider this category from the point of view of E.S. Kubryakova, then, in her 
opinion, “the paradoxical position lies in the fact that in this series verbal memory is opposed to 
all other types of memory - figurative, motor, sensory, which is right and wrong equally. That's 
right, because, in all likelihood, all sensory types of memory each have their own “traces". It is 
wrong, because according to our deep conviction, verbal or linguistic memory itself organizes the 
same elements of sensory, figurative and motor memory into a single system of verbal anagrams, 
where these elements are already connected with language, the verbal form of their existence.” 
If we compare cognitive linguistics with other disciplines of the cognitive cycle, then this 
discipline is primarily interested only in those cognitions that are inherent in a person: that is, 
mental mechanisms of understanding and generating speech that are associated with the 
representation of language knowledge as a special mechanism for processing or processing 
information. In this regard, the main task of cognitive linguistics is to define a systematic 
description and explanation of the mechanisms of human language acquisition and the principles 
of structuring these mechanisms. 
To solve this problem, it is important for us to understand the content and outline the 
boundaries of the concept of cognition as a whole. If we take the development of cognitivism at 

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the turn of the present time, then this concept has significantly expanded its scope: such concepts 
as knowledge, consciousness, reason, thinking, representation, creativity, development of a speech 
thinking strategy, symbolization, logical inference, fantasy and many other cognitions are summed 
up under it. Cognition is, at this stage of the development of linguistics, the basic concept of 
cognitive linguistics, provides it with broader horizons than those available to the traditional theory 
of the relationship between language and thinking. In cognitive linguistics, knowledge and 
opinions are considered from the point of view of their representation by language structures. 
Thus, cognitive linguistics is one of the new cognitive sciences, the object of research of 
which is the nature and essence of knowledge and cognition, the results of perception of reality 
and cognitive activity of a person accumulated in the form of meaningful and brought into a certain 
system of information. 

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