Шет тілдері факультеті Шет тілдері практикалық курсы кафедрасы АҒылшын тілі «География» мамандығы бойынша студенттердің практикалық сабағына арналған әдістемелік құрал Павлодар

1.5 нұсқа

The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244,000 square kilometres, it takes the 75^th place among other countries in the world. The population is more than 57 million. About 80 per cent of the population is urban. The capital of the country is London. Great Britain is separated from the continent by the English Channel which is 34 km wide in its narrowest point. The country is also washed by the North Sea, the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.

The surface of Great Britain varies greatly. The northern and western parts of the country is mountainous and is called the Highlands. All the rest (south, east and centre) is a vast plain which is called the Lowlands. The mountains are not very high. The rivers are not long. The most important of them are the Severn, the Thames, the Trent. There are many beautiful lakes in the mountainous parts of the country.

The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain. It is mild the whole year round.

Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. 7 per cent of the population is engaged in farming.

Great Britain is a country with old cultural traditions and customs. The most famous educational centers are Oxford and Cambridge universities. They are considered to be the intellectual centers of Europe. The education is not free, it is very expensive.

The United Kingdom is a monarchy and the Queen is the head of the state. But in practice it is ruled by the elected government with a Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. It sits in the Houses of Parliament in Westminster.

There are three main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties. The Labour party with Antony Blair at the head is the ruling party nowadays. There’s no written constitution in Great Britain only precedents and traditions.

1) country – ел;

2) power – держава;

3) be situated - орналасуға тиіc;

4) wash – шаю;

5) island – арал;

6) urban – қалалық;

7) surface – үсті;

8) vary – ерекшелену;

9) high – биік;

10) low – төмен;

11)land – жер, ел ;

12) plain – жазықтық;

13) vast – аумақты;

14) lake – көл;

15) navigation – кеме қатынасы;

16) shipbuilding – кеме жасау;

17)equipment – құрал жабдық;

8) cotton – мақта;

19) iron ore - темір кені;

20) rubber – резеңке;

21) heavy and light industry - ауыр және жеңіл өнеркәсіп;

22) occupy – иендену;

23) border on – шектесу;

24) density – сиымдылық;

25) natural resources - табиғи кең қазбалар;

11) жер, ел;

26) raw – шікізат;

27) steel – болат;

28) aircraft – ұшақтар;

29) political set-up - саяси құрылым;

30) authority – өкімет;

31) belong (to) – қатыстылық;

32) government – үкімет;

33) chamber – палата;

34) ruling – басқарушы.

1) The British Isles are washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea;

2) On the continent the country borders on France;

3) It occupies the territory of about 244,000 square kilometers;

4) Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country;

5) The power in the country belongs to the Queen and the two Houses of Parliament.

1) The United Kingdom consists of …;

2) The British Parliament consists of …;

3) There are the following political parties in Great Britain …;

4) There are some famous educational establishments such as …;

5) The United Kingdom is satiated on …;

6) The British Isles are washed by …;

7) The Queen’s rights are limited by …;

8) The territory of Great Britain is …;

9) The population is ….

1. What is the official name of Great Britain?

2. Where is the U.K. situated?

3. What parts does it consist of?

4. What is the territory and the population of the United Kingdom?

5. What city is the capital of the U.K.?

6. What is the surface of the country?

7. Are there any big rivers and lakes?

8. Why is the climate of the British Isles milder than that of the Continent?

9. What goods does the British industry produce?

10. Are there any big educational establishments in Great Britain?

11. Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy, isn’t it?

12. What is the name of the Queen of Great Britain?

13. Is her power limited by Parliament?

14. How many chambers does the British Parliament consist of? What are they?

15. What are the main political parties in Great Britain?

16. Who is the Prime Minister of Great Britain?

17. Which political party does he represent?

1) Британские острова расположены на континентальном шельфе (shelf);

2) Пролив Ла-Манш отделяет Великобританию от континента;

3) Пролив Ла-Манш неширокий, не более 32 километров;

4) Великобритания - одна из наиболее густонаселенных стран мира;

5) Считается, что Шотландия такая же красивая, как и Швейцария;

6)Туристы со всего мира приезжают в эти страны, чтобы полюбоваться красотой пейзажа;

7) Уэльс - один из крупнейших шахтерских районов страны;

8) Великобритания получила большую прибыль (gain profit) от эксплуатации своих колоний;

9) Северная Ирландия была первой колонией Англии;

10) Сегодня Великобритания – крупный производитель железа и стали, электронного и машинного оборудования, текстиля.

1.5.6 Түсіп қалған предлогтарды қойыңыз

The United Kingdom … Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated … the British Isles. It consists … four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England, Wales and Scotland occupy the territory … Great Britain. Northern Ireland is situated … the northern part … Ireland.

The education is not free, it is very expensive. (Present Indefinite)

The education was not free, it was very expensive. (Past Indefinite)

The education will be not free, it will be very expensive. (Future Indefinite)

1) The Labour party is the ruling party nowadays;

2) The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons;

3) It sits in the Houses of Parliament in Westminster.

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