Consider your answers to the following

33 
a) interaction of dictionary and contextual logical meanings (metaphor, metonymy, 
irony) 
b) interaction of primary and derivative logical meanings (polysemy, zeugma and pun) 
c) interaction of logical and emotive meanings (interjections, epithet, oxymoron) 
d) interaction of logical and nominal meanings (antonomasia) 
Problem:What is the aim of Interaction of different types of lexical meaning? 
Key words: 
Contextual, primary, unexpectedness, simultaneous, derivative, zeugma, pun, oxymoron, 
antonomasia, epithet 
A) Interaction of dictionary and contextual logical meanings 
 
Words in a context may acquire additional lexical meanings not fixed in 
dictionaries, it is called contextual meanings. The latter may sometimes deviate from the 
dictionary meaning to such a degree that the new meaning even becomes the opposite of 
the primary meaning. Transferred meaning is practically the interrelation between two 
types of lexical meaning: dictionary and dictionary and contextual. 
A metaphor is a relation between the dictionary and contextual logical meanings 
based on the affinity or similarity of certain properties or features of the two corresponding 
concepts. The more obvious the similarity, the less need there is for deciphering words in 
the context. For example: “Dear Nature is the kindest Mother still” (Byron, “Childe 
Harold”) no explanatory words are used. Nature is likened to a Mother in her attitude to 
man. The action of nursing is implied put not directly stated. 
Metaphor can be embodied in all the meaningful parts of speech in nouns, adjectives, 
verbs etc.“The leaves fell sorrowfully” (adverb) Metaphors can be classified according to 
their degree of unexpectedness: 
1) genuine metaphors (quite unexpected, unpredictable) 
2) trite metaphors (commonly used in speech) 
3) dead metaphors (its original figurative meaning has been forgotten: skyscraper) 
Genuine metaphors are regarded as belonging to language-in action, i.e., speech 
metaphors; trite metaphors belong to a language-as-a-system; i.e. language proper, and are 
usually fixed in dictionaries as units of the language. 
Trite metaphors;a ray of hope,floods of tears, a storm of indignation, a shadow of a 
smile, a flight of fancy 
Genuine metaphors are mostly to be found in poetry and emotive prose. Trite 
metaphors are used in scientific language, in newspaper articles, in oratorical style. 

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